The genus Coelogyne, also known as the genus Mottled Fungus Orchid, has about 200 original species, all of which are produced in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Oceania, with the largest number of distribution centers in Southeast Asian countries, and there are more than 10 wild original species in our country (Fig. 38). This genus belongs to the coleoptile orchid, connected to the pseudobulb by a stolon, the pseudobulb has 1 to 2 ovate or long oval leaves at the tip of the pseudobulb, and the inflorescence is erect or pendulous, often with 1 to more than 10 flowers, which are white, red, yellow, or brown, with a large labellum and a white with a yellow spot or a red spot.

Figure 38 Fringed bergamot orchid native to South China

The genus Bergamot usually grows on trees or rocks in montane forests, and is distributed from alpine dwarf forests all the way up to the low mountain rainforests, but the upland-growing species make up 80% of the whole genus, while the lowland species are only 20%. Therefore, this genus should be cultivated in a suitable environment selected according to its habit. The upland species require cool climatic conditions, while the lowland species require a higher temperature and humidity environment for cultivation.

This genus was introduced into Europe around the beginning of the 19th century because of its graceful shape, beautiful flowers, and often attractive fragrance. Today's popular cultivated species and varieties can be divided into two categories according to its inflorescence morphology: pendant-flowered and erect-flowered, pendant-flowered species and varieties of popular cultivated species and varieties are Cockspur Bayberry Orchid (C.cristata), Yellow-spotted Bayberry Orchid (C.punctulata), Dieter's Bayberry Orchid (C.dayana), Chestnut-scaled Bayberry Orchid (C.flaccida), Mars Bayberry Orchid (C.massangeana), and other species belonging to the C.dayana group. massangeana), and the artificial hybrids C. Jannine Banks 'Snow White' and C. Linda Buckley. And the popularly cultivated species in the erect-flowered category are the fringed bergamot orchid (C. fimbriata), Moore's bergamot orchid (C. mooreana), oval-leaved bergamot orchid (C. occultata), whiskered-lipped bergamot orchid (C. calcicola), Laurence's bergamot orchid (C. laurenceana), and the cockle-crested bergamot orchid (C. cristata), among others.