1. The general abacus has one bead on the top and four beads on the bottom. The bottom bead represents 1 and the top bead represents 5. If 1, dial up a bead from the bottom, and if 2, dial another bead. At 4, dial four beads. When it reaches five, dial down the top beads and the bottom four.

2. Move up 3 beads on the far left side of the abacus. Move up 4 beads on the right column. Leave one column blank. Move up one bead on the next column. Move two beads up in the next column, then leave the next column blank. The remaining columns are left unchanged. Multiply by alternating columns. The order of calculations is critical.

3. How to use the abacus is as follows: specify a fixed digit value in each column. As a modern calculation tool, each column of beads represents a digit value. Therefore, the first column from the right should be the ones digit (1-9), the second column should be the tens digit (10-99), the third column should be the hundreds digit (100-999), and so on. Start counting.

4. From right to left, the numbers on the abacus are one, ten, one hundred, one thousand, ten thousand, and so on. The lower bead represents 1, the upper bead represents 5. If it is 1, move up one bead from the bottom. If it is 2, move another bead. If 4, move four beads. When it reaches 5, move the upper bead down. Dial down the four.

5. The abacus is rectangular, surrounded by a wooden frame, with small wooden sticks fixed inside. There are wooden beads on the small wooden sticks. A beam in the middle and the abacus are divided into two parts. The top of each wooden stick There are two beads in the half, each bead represents five, and there are five beads in the lower half, each bead represents one.