According to anthropologists, world competitions belong to the same species and have the same origin, which can be traced back to the stage of human physical development about 5000 years ago, Homo sapiens. At the same time, the three major races in the world have basically taken shape.
According to the classification of anthropologists, the types of East Asia in which contemporary China people belong to Mongolian race are in South Asia. Its main characteristics are Mongolians: medium-bodied color, straight and hard hair, less body hair and beard and hair, flat face, medium nose width, low bridge of the nose, medium lip thickness, eyelids mostly with inner canthus angle (commonly known as Mongolian eyes), high orbit, prominent cheekbones, multi-shovel-shaped incisors, facial bone-level flat plate and little body odor.
Late Paleolithic and Neolithic civilizations in China. All the human bone fossils found in China belong to the original Mongolian race and Homo sapiens. It can be said that the late Homo sapiens in China is our direct ancestor.
At the top of Longgu Mountain in Zhoukoudian, Beijing, the hominid cave near the first place has been found, including three complete skulls. It is observed that a male skull is very similar to some Western European Homo sapiens fossils in the famous anthropologist Wei Dunrui. From the appearance observation and measurement, it should be recognized as the original Mongolian, another female skull is very similar to Melanesian type, and one female skull is like a type of Eskimo. Therefore, he came to a strange guess: the inhabitants of these Neanderthals came from overseas, and there was no way for the local indigenous Mongols to attack various movements, so the physical characteristics of the later China people had no direct inheritance relationship with them. Later scholars re-studied the three skulls of cavemen, and thought that Wei Dunrui had too many differences and underestimated its total * * * in these three key points. In fact, all three representative primitive Mongolians, China people, Eskimos and American Indians, especially those close to the above-mentioned * * * ancestors, did not gather on a small hill.
Cavemen belong to Homo sapiens, and the changes of their brain mass 1300 to 1500 ml of modern brain mass indicate that the development of modern cerebral arteries with the same intelligence level is close to modern times.
In the middle of Neolithic Age from 5000 BC to 3000 BC, Yangshao culture in northern China, which was mainly distributed in Guanzhong, Shaanxi, Henan, the southernmost part of Shanxi, northern Hebei, Gansu and Hetao, Qinghai, was found, covering the heart of China civilization and influencing most of the later cultures in the Central Plains in the early stage, and was the backbone of China civilization. Residents of Yangshao culture, the East Asian type of Mongolian race is the main body, and some factors in Central Asia and South Asia are the main culture of East Asian Mongolian race. During this period, the ancients began to live and settle in the countryside on a large scale.
Yangshao cultural site, the village site, especially Jiangzhai, is the most complete. Jiangzhai of this website was founded in 4600-BC3690, located in Jiangzhai, Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, with an area of 55 million square meters. It is circular in the north, and the central residential area of He Cun, the village around the village, is a square with a width of two meters. Village clan group, with more than 5 houses 100, each clan has a large public house, and the surrounding small and medium-sized houses. The basement of the house is semi-underground, and three rooms are built from the ground, and the rooms are becoming more and more popular. House on the concrete floor, wood cement wall. An old mother with an adult male as the center, living in a family room, and a boyfriend received by a woman of childbearing age in a small room, usually living in a large public house, is a typical matriarchal clan. At this time, agriculture has been highly developed. Yangshao culture is mainly distributed in the Yellow River basin, where there is little drought and precipitation, but the rainfall is mainly concentrated in summer, which is conducive to the growth of drought-resistant crops. Combined with the reason of soil structure, the loess wind here is uniform and loose, with good water retention and water supply performance, and the soil contains high natural fertility. Under these conditions, it makes it easy to get higher harvest when planting grain. The appearance of primitive agriculture and human transformation are naturally a great success. The emergence of civilization is closely linked with the development of agriculture. Therefore, Yangshao culture laid the foundation for China civilization. The ancients in Yangshao culture period were the ancestors of China people.
Anthropologists' research also shows that the national characteristics of the people of China are mainly the sunshine of medium height, medium skin color and latitude, and the corresponding temperature, so as to adapt to the geographical environment in the middle latitudes of East Asia. "Blindfolded, flat nose may be a cold, windy and dusty climate and Central Asia.
However, the ethnic composition of China people is not a single factor. The Dawenkou cultural residents in the lower reaches of the Yellow River belong to Polynesia. Hemudu culture and Guangdong have found some obvious Australian-nigro components of bone fossils. The human skulls found in Yin Ruins in Shang Dynasty also include people of several different races. In the previous Stone Age, human beings migrated in large numbers for a long time, and only human beings entered the historical era to form a regional nation, and human life was relatively stable. Therefore, the whole process of forming an independent China country and the formation of China civilization always required the integration of a large number of elements, and even after the formation, China countries constantly absorbed new elements.