Rugby rules 1. game rule
Football (English) official competition, each team 15 players, 8 forwards and 7 defenders. The competition is played on a rectangular flat ground, which consists of a competition area and a touch area. The playing field is100m long and 70m wide. The touchdown area behind the goal is at least 5 meters long, but not more than 22 meters at most.
The whole game lasted for 80 minutes. When it is divided into upper and lower halves, there is a five-minute intermission. In the second half, the two sides began to exchange venues.
Second, before the kick-off
In order to meet the needs of the league, the home team should have 36 balls in the outdoor competition and 24 balls in the indoor competition, and the referee should test them with a stress tester two hours before the start of the competition. 12 was sealed in a special box, and the new ball sent directly by the manufacturer was opened in the official locker room two hours before the start of the game.
Third, guess the pros and cons
1. toss a coin in the middle of the court three minutes before kick-off. The captains of both sides guessed the pros and cons before flipping a coin. The winning team can choose one of the following two conditions, and the losing team accepts the remaining one.
(1) Choose to kick off first.
(2) Choose a defensive location
2. Before the first shift starts, the captains of the two teams must inform the referee of their previous choices, and guess that the team that lost head-on in the first half has priority.
Fourth, time.
1. The clock on the court is regular. If the clock stops or runs abnormally, the linesman should control and manage the correct official time on the court.
2. Each lesson 15 minutes, unless otherwise specified, each lesson is 2 minutes apart, with an interval of 12 minutes.
3. When the team calls for a time-out, the referee starts counting and blows the whistle after 1 min 50 seconds, unless the TV broadcast does not use this time to broadcast commercial advertisements. In this case, the pause time is reduced to 40 seconds.
The referee will allow the necessary time to give the injured player or repair the player's equipment.
5. Each team has three times to call a time-out every half.
6. You can have 40 seconds to prepare for each attack.
7. Start timing after the team holds the ball.
8. The last two minutes of the first half and the last five minutes of the second half are exceptions? Out of bounds or foul time will be deleted. Time before the clock returns out of bounds.
9. The opposing team can immediately call a timeout, but the timeout is reduced to 40 seconds.
10. When the attacker didn't hear the referee's penalty because of the noise of the crowd, he can choose to let the defender reduce the penalty of a timeout or a penalty of 5 yards.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) sudden death
1. For all NFL games, the sudden death method is that the team that scored first in overtime (in all aspects) will automatically win if there is a draw within the specified time.
At the end of the specified time, the referee will flip a coin in the middle, and the visiting team leader will guess first.
3. There will be a 3-minute break after the game, followed by nearly 15 minutes of overtime until there is a 2-minute break between each overtime. The two sides take turns to divide the ball. Each team has three timeouts at half-time, and the players sent off can't play again.
Sixth, kick off
1. At the beginning of the first half and the second half, or after scoring goals and trying, the opening team should kick off from the team's 30-yard line. Kick-off is a free kick.
2. You can use the 1 inch ball pad when kicking off (it is not allowed to use the ball pad when kicking the target score, the safe score or the trial kick with the ball). Kick the ball with a positioning kicker.
3. You can't get the target score when you kick off.
4. If the tee-off distance does not exceed 10 yards or is not touched by the receiving team, then the tee-off is considered illegal. Once the kick-off is touched or passed by the receiver over 10 yards, the ball becomes a free ball. The catcher can take the ball back and push it. Kicking teams can get the ball back, but they can't push the ball unless the receiver controls the ball and loses it.
If the kick-off is out of bounds within two goal lines and is not touched by the receiver, then the ball belongs to the receiver 30 yards from the ball point or where the ball is out of bounds, unless the ball is kicking? Play football from your own side? When I first went out of bounds. In this case, the kicker will be fined 5 yards before kicking the ball.
6. If the kick-off is out of bounds in two goal lines, but it is touched by the receiver, then the ball belongs to the receiver whose ball is out of bounds.
7. If the opening team kicks off to the borderline illegally, or kicks a short-distance free kick in two or more consecutive self-kicks, then the receiving team can get the ball at the dead ball point, or where the ball is out of bounds, or at the illegal touch point.
Seven, safety points
1. In addition to kick-off, another free kick is a kick after a safe score. You can use fly kick (but not kick off).
2. In terms of scoring safety, the team can score by kicking in the air, throwing the ball (referring to throwing and kicking the rebound ball) and kicking the positioning ball without the ball pad. After scoring a safe score, you can't kick the ball at will, even if a series of punishments put the team in such a situation. It is only possible to score a goal by kicking a free kick after fighting for the ball or legally catching it.
(vii) Fair catch.
After legally receiving the ball, the receiving team can choose to kick off; Or legally catch the ball 10 yard kick line? Legal catch and kick? , get the target score. When you strive for a goal, all the general rules apply. Start timing when kicking the ball (no cushion is allowed).
Eight, the last foul
1. The defender fouled. If he accepts the punishment, he will touch the ground again.
2. If the attacker fouls and does not repeat the touchdown, the touchdown is invalid.
Exception: The attacker will not score if the ball is caught, fouled or illegally contacted and the possession of the ball is transferred.
Nine, foul point
1. Four basic foul points:
(a) the place where the foul occurred
(b) Front foul point: the place where the kick-off takes place.
In the field
(c) the place where the ball is contested, returned or conceded; Foul punishment department
(d) Continuous point: If the ball is pushed again during the blowing penalty, the kick-off place is the blowing penalty place.
2. If the attacker fouls behind the line of scrimmage (except in the touchdown area), he will be punished for kicking off at the previous service point. If the ball is in the touchdown zone, it will be a safe ball.
3. If the defender fouls with the ball or unreasonable hand after the line of scrimmage, if he fouls outside the line, the penalty code will be calculated online.
XI。 double foul
1. If you commit two fouls when handing over the ball, the player who finally gets the ball before the exchange will win the ball.
2. If there are two fouls after the exchange, the defender gets the ball at the foul or dead ball.
3. If one of the two fouls is unqualified, the fouler must be sent off, but not fined.
4. The player fouls before exchanging possession of the ball, the receiver fouls after the exchange, and the receiver gets the ball.
5. When a team scores on the ground, scores a goal, gets extra points or safety points, the other team member fouls, is disqualified as an athlete, or makes unreasonable moves when falling on the ground, and makes a free throw at the kick-off.
Twelve. emergency
Members, officials, employees, players and coaches of the NFL should watch every game, and the NFL will decide whether to continue the game. In case of unexpected events, such as severe cold weather, natural and man-made disasters, power failure, audience interference, etc. When the start or continuation of the competition will pose a threat to the safety of contestants and spectators, the competition will be suspended, cancelled, postponed or terminated.
Thirteen. Rights of the Committee
1. The right to cancel, postpone or terminate the competition is only granted to members and team chairmen. (Representatives from other teams' offices and referees can temporarily suspend the game; Look at point 3 below and at? The right of the referee? The following points 1) are defined as follows:
* Cancel. Cancelling a game is to invalidate it (whether before or after the game starts), and there is no intention to reschedule the game or include its scores and other performance data in the team's records.
* Delay. Delaying the game means (a) delaying the start time of the game, or (b) pausing the game after the game starts, and preparing to restart it later. All scores and other performance data before the pause are added to the scores and data after the game is resumed.
* Termination. To terminate the game is to end in a 60-minute complete game, which is officially recorded as a complete game, and no further preparations will be made after that. In case of emergency, the Committee member or team chairman may terminate the competition. If it is reasonable in his opinion, (a) it will not change the final result or (b) it will not adversely affect the events of any other team.
* Eliminated. Except in the case of foul (see the above provisions on expulsion), no committee member, the president of the league and his representative, including the referee, have the right to unilaterally declare the team eliminated. Only when the game can't be played because of a team's mistake or refusal to participate in the second game can the elimination be announced. At this time, if the opponent is ready and wants to participate, he can win 2-0.
2. In case of unexpected circumstances, it is necessary to cancel, postpone or terminate the competition (see the above rules), the highest representative in control position in the Committee office can consult with the Committee members, the president of the league or the responsible officials appointed by the league on the day of the competition to confirm this decision. (If the official in charge is not available that day, please consult with him by phone). If the environmental conditions of the day have been determined, the representatives of the League should still consult with the Meteorological Bureau and the appropriate security personnel of the League, clubs, stadiums and local governments. If there is no representative from the Committee office to ensure that the game is controlled, the referee will take full responsibility.
3. In case of urgent need to ensure safety, the representative of the committee office can set a time-out after consultation with the referee, and if authorized, they can also remove the contestants from the field. Committee representatives should ensure the safety of spectators, athletes, competition officials, non-athletes in the audience and other people present (such as photographers and cheerleaders).
4. If possible, the representative of the office of the officials of the League can cancel any committee decision, including postponement or termination, through consultation with the authorized representatives of the two participating clubs.
5. If the committee and the president of the league decide to cancel the postponement of the termination of the competition, his representative or official will announce the decision on the day of the competition, for example, through public broadcasting using the referee's wireless microphone, using the public area of the home team or contacting the radio and other media.
Fourteen, the steps of starting or rematch
The main points of the right to handle such affairs are as follows: under the influence of special emergencies, the labor union personnel department and the referee will start or replay according to this step.
1. Due to unexpected events, a regular season or playoff game cannot be kicked off as scheduled or delayed on the same day, and the game still needs to be arranged by the Committee on the following date.
2. If an emergency (such as an upcoming tropical storm) is expected to occur after or during the competition, the start time shall not be arranged in advance unless there is obvious or sufficient time to make orderly changes.
All suspended games will be resumed on the same day. If all competitions are postponed to another date, it will start from the moment of suspension. When the game is suspended, the referee shall announce the suspension and record the following data: the team controlling the ball, the direction of the ball, the position, area, distance and time of the game when the ball is present, and any data and information related to the fair start.
4. The Committee will postpone the regular season again in the same venue within two days of the original match day. If it cannot be held in the same venue, the organizing Committee will arrange a reasonable alternative venue competition. If the match can't be replayed within two days of the original time, it will be arranged for the rematch next week. If the players of both sides play because of time conflict, the Committee will arrange unfair competition time. (For example, the game has been scheduled for Tuesday)
For the postponed playoff, the committee will be held in the same venue as soon as possible after the scheduled game. If it is impossible to play in the original venue, the Committee will arrange a reasonable venue to arrange a rematch.
In any case, if the game is postponed due to the negligence of the club, the club will bear the expenses of the home team, including the comments of the Committee, tickets and TV broadcast income.
Any club must strictly protect the venues and stadiums to make them suitable for NFL games.
The scoring method of football is 1? Touchdown score (touchdown score 5 points).
2? Shoot after touchdown, that is, after touchdown, choose any point parallel to the sideline where the touchdown position is located, and kick the ball into the goal above the crossbar to score 2 points.
3? Because the opponent fouled, the penalty shot into the goal above the crossbar and scored 3 points. If the ball bounces above the crossbar, score 3 points.
The NFL scoring method is:
1. Touchdown score =6 points
Touchdown is the way to score the most points at a time in the game. The team that scores the touchdown will get an extra chance to score. To score a touchdown, the ball must cross the scoring line in the end line area, catch the pass in the end line area and catch the lost ball in the end line area.
2. Additional points and binary conversion = 1 point or 2 points.
After the touchdown, the scorer puts the ball on the opponent's 2-yard line and has two choices. Usually kick an extra point, also known as a touchdown, Pat. If the touchdown team successfully kicks the ball into the goal, it gets 1 point. The attacker can also score 2 points by running again or rushing to the ground. Because 2 points is much more difficult than 1 minute, the touchdown side usually chooses to kick 1 minute.
3. Punishment =3 points
If the attacker fails to score a touchdown, he can try a free throw. You can score 3 points on penalty kick. Usually at the last moment of the game, a penalty decides the outcome of the game. The attacker can kick a penalty at any time and any place. However, it is usually in the fourth attack opportunity that the ball is pushed into the 45-yard line of the defender before choosing the penalty kick. The kicker must kick the ball between the poles of the goal and above the crossbar to score. Defenders should try their best to block opponents' free throws.
4. Safety =2 points
Two points for safety. The attacker holds the ball and is intercepted by the defender in the attacker's end zone. The defender scores 2 points.
Football player position 1. Team position
Theoretically, a player can play any position under the condition of observing the rules, so what does the rules allow each team to have Free position? Players can run in any direction.
In the American flag football game, which pays great attention to skills and tactics, a player with special skills in a certain position can usually make the team play more efficiently. Therefore, when every player in the team plays his own specialty, the team is more likely to win.
American football is a unique sport. In a game, a team may have two groups of players-offensive and defensive. Some players specialize in playing football, that is, special players. However, a team can only have 1 1 players in the game, so after the offensive end is replaced, it is usually seen that there are substitutions.
The NFL stipulates that a team has 45 players, including offensive players, defensive players, special players and reserve players-when any player in the team is injured, American football players use the following table:
Two. Attack position
1. quadrant
A) Usually the quarterback is the captain of the attacking team, just like the second lieutenant in the army. He must lead the team to implement the tactics arranged by the coach. Sometimes the quarterback will change the coach's arrangement according to the situation on the court. For example, if the opponent's defense has seen through the offensive tactics, the quarterback will say that he has been noticed and then quickly switch to other tactics.
B) When the quarterback gives a clear password, the ball will be given to the quarterback and a defense will be started at the same time. Because the ball is usually passed by the quarterback, the quarterback must have good passing skills, and at the same time, the quarterback must have a fast speed to avoid the opposing defender before passing the ball (before passing the ball, the opposing defender's goal is only one person-the quarterback).
C) The quarterback must be strong enough to resist physical contact with the opposing defender. The opposing quarterback must make a decision to pass the ball in a short time. If the ball is not passed by the quarterback in the game, then the quarterback will take over the forward pass in this attack-the offensive pass and the pass in the opposite position.
Step 2 run forward:
A) Runners can be divided into half runners and full runners. In the game, the two runners usually take the same responsibility and start attacking near the quarterback, for example, blocking the opposing defender, rushing to our quarterback, or making a specific run after receiving the pass.
B) When running, half runners usually try to avoid the defenders of the other team, while full runners will use their strong bodies to cross the defensive line of the other team so that the team can advance more yards or score points.
3. Take over:
A) The basic duty of the receiver is to run to a far place as planned in order to avoid the opponent's defense and receive the pass at the same time. Usually, the receiver is very agile and can easily change direction, thus getting rid of the opponent's defender-a good receiver can skillfully catch those difficult balls.
4. Blocking lineman (offensive lineman):
A) this is the defensive position of the attacking team, and the attacking central defender will line up against the defenders of the opposing team? In order to prevent the opposing defender from catching the quarterback, the attacking center defender can push the opposing defender aside and create an offensive window for the offensive ball holder.
B) Like the quarterback, the attacking full-back can't catch the ball in the attacking direction.
5. winger
A) The winger is an attacking full-back, a mixed player who takes over.
B) The winger stands between the attacking full-back and the receiver, so the winger can catch the ball in some cases and block the opposing player in other cases.
C) The winger must be stronger than the receiver, but the winger must be able to catch the pass.
D) The attacker can only have one winger. The winger usually stands on the left or right side of the attacking centre-back, and the side where the winger is located is called? The strong side? Of course, on the other side? The weak side? .
3. Defensive position:
1. Defensive lineman (Defensive lineman)
A) Defending central defenders exist to capture and kill quarterbacks and dribbling players. Until then, the defensive centre-back will be blocked by the attacking centre-back. So the defensive central defender is usually the strongest in the team.
2. Defending line
A) The first defender is a multifaceted defender.
B) First of all, the first defender can intercept the attacking players who pass through the defensive lineback.
C) Secondly, the full-back can run with the offensive catcher to prevent the catcher from catching the ball successfully.
D) Three or four players can take this position, and they must have certain speed, strength and reaction.
3. The defensive front
A) The defensive front is the team's last line of defense. They are responsible for defending the rear. Defenders can be divided into security guards and corner guards.
B) The safety satellite always faces the ball in the center of the backcourt, while the corner satellite is always at the back of the court.
C) The defender must guess the movement of the attacking player with the ball in order to tackle, break the ball or stop the opponent from moving forward.
Four. Special player
1. Positioning the kicker: This player may be a player with less pressure in the team. He's in charge of kicking off? Touchdown with the ball? Ball? Score points after touchdown.
2. Player who plays football in the air: This player must be able to kick the ball high enough, far enough and accurate enough.
3. Ball-holding player: This kind of player usually has a backup quarterback on the team. He must put the ball on the ground after receiving it in order to locate the kicker.
4. Empty catcher: This player must catch and push the ball after kicking off or flying. This player must have extraordinary speed.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) tee position
1. The attacker must have at least 7 players online.
2. Players whose attackers are not on the line must retreat at least 1 yard.
(Exception: Server)
3. After doing a good job in fighting or simulating a 3-point battle, the players inside can't move suddenly.
Neither player can enter the neutral zone before serving.
5. After setting, the attacker's players can't suddenly charge or move, which will lead the defender to think that the service has started. Within the service line 1 yard, no player on the defensive side can suddenly move in order to cause the offensive side to make a service mistake.
6. If the legal receiver changes his identity, the referee must remind the defending captain after the player reports to him.
7. When kicking off, all the players on the attacking side must be fixed, except one running forward, who can move parallel to the service line or backward (not forward).
8. After the change of attack and defense or retreat, all the attacking players must immediately stop suddenly for at least 1 s, and their hands, feet and heads cannot move or shake.
9. If the quarterback is convicted of an obvious attempt to cause the opponent to be offside, then the quarterback is sentenced? Illegal movement?
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