It can be divided into five characteristic types: hyperacute, acute, gastrointestinal symptoms, nervous system symptoms and skin symptoms. Clinical symptoms are mainly confined to the upper respiratory tract, so cough and runny nose will be more obvious. [ 1 1]
incubation period
The incubation period of canine distemper varies greatly with different sources of infection. The incubation period of the same animal is 3-6 days. The incubation period of heterogeneous animals can sometimes be as long as 30~90 days. [2]
cardinal symptom
The initial infection of CDV began when the virus invaded the epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract. The virus quickly spread to local lymphoid tissues, tonsils and bronchial lymph nodes. Subsequently, CDV will spread to epithelial tissue and central nervous system within the first week of infection. The humoral immune response after infection is related to the elimination of virus. Dogs recovering from acute CDV infection may gain immunity for several years. After dogs without effective immunity are infected, the virus will quickly spread to the skin, endocrine glands, digestive tract, respiratory tract and urogenital tract.
Although canine distemper virus can damage many organs of dogs and show complex and diverse symptoms in clinic, we are used to dividing the main symptoms of canine distemper into the following three aspects: respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms and nervous system symptoms [12]. Compared with the symptoms of other organs, skin symptoms should be considered mild and can also be classified as complications. There is no canine distemper virus that only damages the skin or even shows serious skin symptoms without damaging other internal organs. Veterinarians in China believe that skin symptoms are only one of the external manifestations in the process of canine distemper. If a dog has only some skin symptoms, the veterinarian in China will not diagnose it as a plague. If you diagnose a dog with only a partial skin disease, everything else is normal, and other symptoms appear after the skin disease is cured, it is diagnosed as canine distemper. [ 13]
The neurological symptoms caused by CDV are obviously progressive and eventually deteriorate rapidly. Neurosis appeared 1 ~ 3 weeks after recovery from acute infection. 50%~70% of CDV infected people show subclinical symptoms, such as burnout, anorexia, elevated body temperature and upper respiratory tract infection.
About 10 ~ 30% of sick dogs have symptoms (spasm, epilepsy, convulsion, etc. ).
Some people will have symptoms of "irregular twitching", such as mouth twitching when stimulated, spitting like chewing, and the symptoms will disappear after the dog is relieved. But this is a clear sign of "persistent convulsion".
● Neurological symptoms appear, mostly in 7~2 1 day, and some people have neurological symptoms from the beginning.
● The symptoms of canine distemper virus are different due to different parts of the central nervous system.
The virus damages the brain, showing neurological symptoms such as epilepsy, turning in circles, abnormal standing posture, unstable gait, ataxia, foaming at the mouth, paroxysmal convulsions and persistent convulsions of masticatory muscles and limbs.
It is easy to leave sequelae.
● "Puppies" can produce nervous system symptoms from 28 days to 42 days after placental infection. [2] [ 1 1]
skin
Some dogs will develop pyoderma in the middle and late stage of infection or after cure.
Some dogs have many abscesses, and the abscess site initially appears induration.
In some dogs, if pyoderma enters the advanced stage, the induration will become soft, the skin in the central part will become thinner, and deep ulceration and purulent blood will appear, and serious ulceration will occur in a large area.
other
symptom
● Puppies also have osteoid sclerosis at the metaphyseal end (epiphyseal cartilage hypoplasia of long bones). [ 14]
● Sneeze.
● Symptoms of canine distemper include red spots on rice grains, edema, purulent papules, blisters, etc. On the skin of abdomen and inner thigh, some of them form foot and hoof sclerosis. Clinically, cases of keratinization of foot pads and nose can cause symptoms of nervous canine distemper. The symptoms are different because the canine distemper virus invades the central nervous system in different places. The virus damages the brain, showing symptoms of nervous canine distemper such as epilepsy, turning in circles, abnormal standing posture, unstable gait, paroxysmal convulsions of masticatory muscles and limbs. The prognosis of this nervous canine distemper is mostly poor.
● Physical pain, screaming with pain. Some internal organs began to be affected, and they would scream in pain when picking up dogs.
● Later oral cavity will be eroded.
Neurosymptomatic canine distemper is a typical manifestation of entering the late stage of canine distemper, which mostly appears about 10 days after the above symptoms. Late stage: symptoms of nervous canine distemper appear. In addition to the symptoms of canine distemper in the middle stage, dogs occasionally have symptoms of nervous canine distemper, such as withering, muscle pain and weakness, muscle paroxysmal spasm, imbalance, circle movement, epileptic convulsion, coma and so on. Generally, dogs will die after maintaining this symptom for 1-2 weeks. [ 14]
Daily observation
Canine distemper belongs to fever in TCM diagnosis and treatment, and it refers to an epidemic disease with fever as the main factor. The treatment of canine distemper with traditional Chinese medicine follows the treatment principles of the same disease and different diseases, the same treatment of different diseases, classified treatment, syndrome differentiation of the same disease and the right medicine, and analyzes the condition from eight categories: superficial deficiency, excess, cold and heat, which greatly improves the cure rate of canine distemper in early, middle and late stages. (Bogey: Because canine distemper and parvovirus are difficult to treat, western medicine such as "monoclonal antibody and interferon" is the main treatment, and Chinese medicine is better as an auxiliary treatment. )[ 16- 17]
In the early stage of canine distemper, the disease lies in the key points of defense. The sick dogs mainly show symptoms such as loss of appetite, floating pulse, pale mouth color and thin fur.
Exterior syndrome: pulse floating late, thin and white fur, mental fatigue, treatment should be pungent and warm to relieve exterior syndrome; Ephedra, Ramulus Cinnamomi, Herba Asari, Radix Saposhnikoviae, etc.
Superficial heat: rapid pulse, thin yellow fur, flushing in mouth color, loss of appetite, pungent and cool to relieve exterior syndrome; The medicines include honeysuckle, forsythia suspensa, bamboo leaves, mint, lobster sauce, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, etc. [ 16- 17]
Syndrome of semi-exterior and semi-interior: the pulse of the sick dog is floating, but it is not seen after repeated pressing, floating and shooting, and cold and heat are mixed; Treatment and solution: drugs such as Bupleurum, Codonopsis pilosula, Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, Cortex Phellodendri, Fructus Gardeniae, etc.
In the middle and late stage of canine distemper, the disease is divided into qi and blood, heavy pulse, deep red mouth color, thick and greasy fur and intense heat.
Internal heat, full of qi: the sick dog has heavy pulse, yellow greasy fur, burning skin, thirst, excessive heat and short breath, so it should be treated by clearing heat and purging fire; Commonly used drugs are gypsum, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Cortex Phellodendri, etc.
Internal heat, blood heat: the sick dog's skin is flushed and cyanosis, punctate bleeding, mental depression, easy to lie down, yellow urine, loose or watery stool, which is more common in the middle and late stage of canine distemper, so it is advisable to clear heat and cool blood; Drugs: Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Rhinoceros horn, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Poria, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Rhizoma Coptidis, etc.
If your dog is sick and suffers from canine distemper, repeated treatment in many hospitals is ineffective. Don't give up easily if the situation is critical. Please consult and verify in many ways for medical treatment. As long as there is time to take medicine, there is hope of recovery. [ 16- 17]
cause diseases
Its pathogen is canine distemper virus. The sick dog showed bipolar fever, rhinitis, severe digestive tract disorder and respiratory inflammation. In a few cases, encephalitis will occur. Can cause pneumonia, enteritis, intussusception and other symptoms.
Anterior uveitis, optic neuritis (sudden blindness), retinal degeneration and basal necrosis. Ophthalmoscopy showed retinal damage in the high reflex area of retina.
Some dogs will be complicated with pyoderma during the onset of canine distemper, and this symptom mostly occurs in the middle and late stage of canine distemper or after rehabilitation. At this time, there will be many abscesses on the dog's body surface. The abscess begins to indurate, then the induration becomes soft, the skin in the central part becomes thinner, and it presents deep ulceration and purulent blood, and in severe cases it will fester in a large area. At this time, pyoderma can be diagnosed
point out
(1) The normal body temperature of dogs is 38.5-39.3℃
⑵ It is very important to control the dog's body temperature, which is also one of the symptoms that lead to the dog's sequelae.
taboo
(1) Disable antipyretics!
⑵ If the body temperature is not controlled, it may lead to neurological symptoms/convulsions in dogs! [23]
Ⅴ
disappear
cut
take medicine
(1) Wen Ning for dogs, (2) Mabuji Mafusu injection, (3) Berberine injection, (4) Yan Di Andrographis paniculata, (5) life-saving solution for dogs, (6) cephalosporins and (7) Qingda.
(All kinds of drugs, usage and dosage, please follow the doctor's advice)
point out
Because anti-inflammatory drugs have side effects, all kinds of anti-inflammatory drugs need to be used for three days and recycled. [23]
Ⅵ
ring
situation
point out
Dogs suffering from canine distemper cannot be vaccinated, otherwise the vaccine itself is a virus, which will aggravate the condition.
Sick dogs are suitable for the environment.
(1) Canine distemper is plague fever. If the ambient temperature is too high, it is not conducive to the heat dissipation of the dog body, which will promote the continuous increase of the dog body temperature, which will easily lead to serious consequences and even life-threatening. [25]
(2) canine distemper is afraid of heat. Exposing a sick dog suffering from canine distemper to the sun, especially the strong sunlight, will lead to a sharp rise in the temperature of the sick dog and shortness of breath, thus aggravating the condition. Therefore, in most cases, sick dogs suffering from canine distemper cannot bask in the sun. For individual sick dogs who are weak and have no fever symptoms, they can bask in the sun moderately when necessary, but they must pay attention to their discretion. [26]
⑶ If you have parvovirus at the same time, avoid dogs catching cold. According to experience, a cool and ventilated environment of 25~28 degrees Celsius is most beneficial for sick dogs with canine distemper. In this environment, sick dogs suffering from canine distemper can rest and sleep more stably, breathe more smoothly, and reduce irritability, which is very beneficial to the rehabilitation of sick dogs. [27]
Environmental disinfection
Canine distemper and parvovirus are difficult to eradicate, so special disinfectants must be used: Amway Disinfectant, EHD Environmental Disinfection and Deodorization Maintenance Solution, and TH4 Super Concentrated Special Disinfectant for Pets. [23]
Auxiliary line therapy
disease
Treatment method, drug+drug usage
Ⅰ
avoid
epidemic
take medicine
(1) immunoglobulin.
{Drug usage}: intramuscular injection or subcutaneous injection.
{Dosage per time}: (Please follow the doctor's advice)
{Daily dosage }: 65438+ 0 times a day.
{medication period}: until canine distemper is cured.
{Drug storage}: Frozen storage below 0℃ (or as per doctor's advice). [23]
Ⅱ
wrought
God
way
Massage the affected area, spasm.
taboo
Don't irritate or frighten dogs with canine distemper. Stimulation will aggravate the condition. For example, the technique of injection must be fast and accurate, and it is not too much to be shocked when injecting, which will immediately aggravate the condition. For example, the head spasm will get worse and the limbs will twitch one after another.
point out
Spiritual comfort can alleviate the dog's condition, such as slowing down convulsions, especially for the sequelae of convulsions. [23]
Ⅲ
God
famous book
disease
shape
/
take out
Quick action
take medicine
⑴ "Magic Kangpeptide" (it can also be used after being cured, which is particularly useful and can slow down and completely cure the neurological symptoms of dogs. This medicine is more effective than Angong Niuhuang Pill and relatively cheap. Angong Niuhuang Pill is not the best choice during dog treatment. )
{Drug usage}: Subcutaneous injection.
{Dose}: (Please follow the instructions)
{Drug storage}: Store in the dark at 4 ~ 8℃, and do not freeze. [23]
Ⅳ
eye
eyeball
way
{Apply dog-specific eye drops on gauze/soft cloth ... }→ {Wipe dog's eyes ... }→ {Apply dog-specific eye drops on dog's eyes ...}
point out
If you use a cotton swab, it may hurt the dog's eyes.
Ⅴ
nose
son
way
For nasal fissure: {Apply dog-specific wound medicine/erythromycin ointment on gauze/soft cloth/cotton swab … }→ {Wipe dog's nose }→ {Apply dog-specific wound medicine/erythromycin ointment on dog's nose …}
point out
Because dogs love to lick, they often need "patience".
Ⅵ
foot
palm
way
{Cut off the hair on the dog's soles as carefully as possible} → {Apply the dog-specific wound medicine/erythromycin ointment on gauze/soft cloth/cotton swab … }→ {Wipe the dog's paws }→ {Reuse the dog-specific medicine/erythromycin ointment … }→ {Wrap it in cloth }→ {Put the dog on a clean floor/carpet }[23]
Ⅵ
cough
cough
Ⅶ
vomit
spit
take medicine
(1) Take a bath …
(All kinds of drugs, usage and dosage, please follow the doctor's advice)
Ⅷ
abdomen
Fast flow
take medicine
(1) Qingda …
(All kinds of drugs, usage and dosage, please follow the doctor's advice)
Ⅸ
skin
skin
For suppurative patients, you need to go to the pet hospital and ask the doctor to suck out the pus with instruments, then inject drugs and make related injections. [23]
Other therapies
Online consultation: [1], [2], or you can inquire about the relevant contact information online for dialogue consultation.
It is recommended not to use it at will when taking medicine, and not to use it after the usage and dosage are in accordance with the doctor's advice. People are different from dogs, please don't use human medicine on dogs yourself!
It has been reported that the use of high immune serum and Kangduling freeze-dried powder injection can improve the therapeutic effect. Usage and dosage are as follows: before treatment, dissolve kangduling with 20 ml of normal saline or water for injection, intravenous drip 2-4 bottles for medium-sized dogs, and reduce the dosage for puppies as appropriate. Antivenom can also be injected intramuscularly. In addition, early application of antibiotics (such as penicillin, streptomycin, etc. ) combined with symptomatic treatment is of great significance to prevent secondary bacterial infection and the rehabilitation of sick dogs.
After the clinical symptoms appear, we can inject a large dose of new anti-serum of sub-creature dog five to control the development of the disease. Giving a large dose of hyperimmune serum at the early stage of canine distemper fever can make the body enhance enough antibodies, prevent clinical symptoms and achieve the purpose of treatment. For the middle and late stage diseases with obvious clinical symptoms and neurological symptoms of canine distemper, it is difficult to cure most of them even by injecting canine distemper high immune serum.
Symptomatic treatment: Disinfect the kennel environment by supplementing sugar, fluid, reducing fever, preventing secondary infection and strengthening feeding management, which has a certain therapeutic effect on this disease.
Early treatment of canine distemper;
Intramuscular injection: Bupleurum chinense and antongding can quickly cool down.
XX brand monoclonal antibody against canine distemper+concentrated plasma or 5 million hybrid interferon and genetically engineered thymosin are the most effective and direct methods to kill the virus.
Intravenous injection of glucose (ribavirin+carbendazim+Qingkailing+Miti+Compound B 1+ Shuanghuanglian) Note: Dexamethasone can significantly reduce the number of lymphocytes and greatly reduce the resistance of animals to nonspecific infection. Whether this drug is practical or not must be considered in combination with the actual situation of individual illness. It is not recommended for non-professionals to judge for themselves, so it is difficult to count the dogs killed.
Oral: Angong Niuhuang Pill+Vitamin B Complex
Compound licorice
Treating Radix Isatidis 20G, Radix Ophiopogonis 8G, Rhizoma Pinelliae 7G, Flos Lonicerae 10G, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei 8G, Radix Glycyrrhizae 7G, Fructus Forsythiae 10G, Radix Scutellariae 8G, Gypsum 40G, Radix Astragali 10G.
Winter flower 8G Poria cocos 10G Atractylodes macrocephala 9G Bupleurum 6G
Treatment of late convulsion of canine distemper;
Take chlorpromazine or diazepam and oryzanol when you have frequent convulsions.
Oral: Angong Niuhuang Pill
Oral medicine can be crushed and put into digestible liquid (such as rice soup, broth or oral liquid for clearing heat and detoxifying). ) and push it into the mouth of the sick dog with a syringe.
The success rate of treatment in this period is pitifully low, but please don't give up. If he can live one more second, please don't give up a second ago.
Aggravating factor
The clinical symptoms of CDV infection vary with virus type, environmental factors, individual's response to infection, age and immune status. Severe canine distemper infection is more common in [2] unvaccinated puppies, and the symptoms include pneumonia, diarrhea, dehydration and anorexia. If mixed with canine infectious hepatitis, the mortality rate is high.
Pet hospitals generally believe that it is directly related to the following:
Treatment time is early or late, that is, early cases are expected to be cured, and middle and late cases are difficult to be cured.
Therapeutic serum or antibody, etc. , the "efficacy" of biological drugs.
And the pedigree of the dog.
Age.
Immunity: Dogs that have completed the immunization program can relieve symptoms regardless of active or passive immunization.
Timing of treatment Because the early symptoms of canine distemper are similar to the common cold, it is easy to delay the best control and treatment timing of the disease.
The therapeutic effect of canine distemper is closely related to the formulation of treatment scheme. The appropriate treatment scheme should reflect the basic principle of "treating both the symptoms and the root causes" and combine pathogen treatment with syndrome differentiation treatment.
Maintenance after recovery
Because of the sequela of canine distemper itself and long-term medication, the dog's physique will decline. At this time, it is a good choice to use traditional Chinese medicine with less side effects for maintenance. Mainly to maintain the dog's visceral liver, gallbladder and kidney. It is very effective for neurological symptoms (such as convulsions) in dogs and can be completely cured. [2] [ 17]
7 infection case editor
Panda is sick.
20 14 12 3 1 9: 00 pm, Shaanxi provincial research center for rescue and breeding of rare wild animals held a press conference to inform the research center for canine distemper of captive giant pandas. Four pandas have been diagnosed, and three are suspected to be infected. Among them, the 8-year-old female panda became mature on the afternoon of 20 14 12 9. [28]
2015 65438+1At 4: 00 am on October 23rd, Xinxin, a captive giant panda in Shaanxi Provincial Research Center for Rescue and Breeding of Rare Wild Animals, died of canine distemper after many days of rescue. Among the preliminarily diagnosed giant pandas, "Zhu Zhu" has been negative since June 5438+1October 5, while the other giant panda "Fengfeng" has been treated for 22 days, and is still in a deep coma, and his condition is still not optimistic. [29]
contingency plan
There are currently 24 giant pandas in Shaanxi Rare Wildlife Rescue and Feeding Research Center. On the day when the disease was diagnosed, the Provincial Rare Wildlife Rescue and Breeding Research Center immediately launched an emergency plan for the prevention and control of giant panda diseases, urgently isolated the sick giant pandas, and carried out large-scale high-intensity disinfection of the park. At the same time, experts from all over the country 1 1 were invited to give guidance and participate in rescue and prevention and control work.
According to the expert's opinion, according to the principle of "one cat, one house, one person", the unaffected giant pandas will be evacuated and tested all day, and the sick giant pandas will be actively treated. In view of the need to concentrate on the treatment of sick giant pandas and isolate other giant pandas, the whole park will be temporarily closed according to the needs of disease prevention and control. [28]
8 recurrence and re-staining editing
Generally speaking, dogs after rehabilitation will be immune for life. However, due to the damage of immune system, dogs need to rest for a long time, so we should gradually increase the exercise time and intensity of dogs on the basis of fully ensuring nutrition.
9 note editor
Dogs are lively animals. Even if I meet my master alone in a short time, I usually express my thoughts and attachment to my master with strong body language. Therefore, it is difficult for dog owners to find the initial symptoms of canine distemper and miss the best opportunity to treat canine distemper. When your dog has canine distemper and has the initial symptoms, the dog still does not affect eating and is active, but the nose mirror begins to dry. Although many reasons can lead to dry nose. If your dog has no internal injuries and effective management measures are taken after noticing that your dog's nose mirror is cracked, but the dog's nose mirror is still not wet, getting thinner and dimmer, then please note that your dog may already be the initial symptom of canine distemper! All dog owners who have suffered from canine distemper virus will be deeply impressed by its power, so they would rather believe it, diagnose and treat it in time, nip the virus in the bud, enhance the immune function of dogs, and never miss the best opportunity to treat canine distemper!
The course of canine distemper is long and the constitution is poor, so nursing is particularly important in the treatment of canine distemper in the middle stage.