Environmental quality directly affects the growth, development and reproduction of Shi Wa. The frog pond is not limited by location. Generally speaking, breeding grounds should be selected in places with good water quality, convenient irrigation and drainage, quiet environment, warm in winter and cool in summer, no drought or waterlogging, convenient management, and prevention of escape and harm. The frog pond can be built indoors or outdoors, which requires ventilation, shade and no direct sunlight. The outdoor frog pond can be built under the awning, and the pond can be simply built indoors, in the yard or in the wild. It is a good place to live in Shi Wa.

Specification requirements of frog pond

Intensive farming is widely used in Shi Wa. When building a pond, we should pay attention to conform to the living habits of frogs as much as possible, provide water, land, caves and feeding conditions, create a good living environment, and facilitate feeding management.

1. frog pond

The general area is 4 ~ 10 square meter, the height of the pool is 0.8m, the water depth in the pool is 0.1~ 0./5m, and the ratio of land and water area in the pool is 3∶ 1. There are caves for habitation, big pebbles at the bottom, dark light and humidity of 80%, creating an ideal habitat in Shi Wa.

2. Incubation pond

Area 1 m2, pool height 0.5m, water depth 15 ~ 20cm, fresh water, pH 6 ~ 8 and sufficient oxygen. You can also use a large oval washbasin instead.

3. Tadpole pond

The area is 3 ~ 4 square meters, the pond height is 0.8 meters, the water depth is 3 ~ 10 cm, the pH is 6 ~ 7, and the land-water ratio is 2∶ 1. It is better to raise a batch of tadpoles with the same specifications in each pond.

4. Young frog pond

The area is 4 ~ 6 square meters, the height of the pool is 0.8 meters, the water depth is generally 10 ~ 15 cm, and the land-water ratio is 2∶ 1. The pool is paved with cobblestones of 3 ~ 5cm, with caves, and the water quality is good, with a pH value of 6 ~ 7.5.

All kinds of frog ponds are rectangular in shape with a slightly inclined bottom. The water in the pond can be completely drained at the lowest point. The pond is equipped with water, land, caves, dining tables and other things, and the upper mouth of the pond is equipped with a net cover to prevent frogs from escaping and enemies from invading. The water inlet pipe is installed above the pool and close to the lower part of the net cover. The newly-built pond cannot be used immediately. Only by disinfecting with disinfectant (removing alkalinity) and soaking in water for many times can frogs be raised.

Key points of reproduction

Shi Wa is a national protected animal and a delicacy on people's table. Artificial farming in Shi Wa is not only of great significance to the protection of the ecological environment, but also has high economic benefits. Artificial reproduction is the key to the success of Shi Wa. The key technologies are introduced as follows.

(1) Preparation of frog breeding pond and hatching pond

Frog breeding ponds and hatcheries should be built in dark, quiet places with good water quality, with an area of 2-3 square meters. Clear water should be thoroughly disinfected and washed before being put into the pool, and the water depth should be kept at about 20 cm. It's best to put some stones and fresh aquatic plants.

(2) Breeding and spawning

Shi Wa usually begins mating and spawning when the temperature is higher than 20℃ in April. The male-female ratio of cultured frogs is 1: 1, and the density is 15-20 frogs/m2. Breeding frogs usually hold together after 2 1 at night, and females lay eggs at 4-7 am. Egg pieces are usually attached to aquatic plants, stones and pond walls. Do not stir within 1 hour after spawning to avoid damage and reduce the hatching rate.

(3) Artificial incubation

Observe and check the frog breeding pond every morning. If there are frog eggs, gently take them out after 8: 00 a.m. and put them on the incubator tray in the incubator. During the incubation process, a small amount of clean water should flow to ensure cleanliness, and the water temperature should be controlled between 15-30℃, and the pH value should be 6-8, with one pool and one nest (500- 1000). Generally, half an hour after spawning, the black spots on the ovule of fertilized eggs become larger, the embryos are striped in 7 days, and tadpoles are basically formed in 9 days, and tadpoles are formed after 15 days, and the hatching rate is over 85%.

(4) Feeding tadpoles

The growth of tadpoles can generally be divided into four stages.

① In the early stage (1- 10 days old), tadpoles gradually grow up by the energy in the eggs after breaking the membrane, and after starting to eat, the outer membrane and unfertilized eggs are the main bait.

② At the early stage (10-20 days old) and after birth 10 days old, tadpoles' food intake increased, but their digestive function was weak, so they should be fed with high-protein juice bait, such as egg yolk and soybean milk. Feed it once a day, generally 1500 tadpole feed 1 egg yolk, and then gradually increase.

③ In the middle growth stage (20-55 days old), with the continuous enhancement of the digestive function of tadpoles, in order to promote the development of digestive organs as soon as possible and adapt to the biological characteristics of herbivores of amphibian tadpoles, after 20 days old, the feeding amount of high-protein juice feed should be gradually reduced or stopped, and cooked plant and algae feeds, such as stems and leaves of potatoes, fruits and leaves of melons, rice and fresh aquatic plants, should be gradually replaced, and the feed in the pond should be removed every day.

④ The late growth stage (55-75 days old) is also called metamorphosis. Tadpoles enter metamorphosis after 55 days of age, growing hind limbs, forelimbs and shrinking tails respectively. In this period, the management should be particularly meticulous and thoughtful, and it is necessary to feed at different levels, with shallow water and fresh water, half of land and water, convenient landing, dim light and quiet environment, and create an ecological environment suitable for tadpoles' metamorphosis.

(5) Feeding young frogs

The newly metamorphosed young frog is small in size and weak in resistance. In order to strengthen management, we should feed active feed such as small fly maggots, small Tenebrio molitor and small maggots. Feeding every evening, depending on the feeding situation, gradually increase the feeding amount with the increase of the food intake of young frogs, so as to achieve a slight surplus. The feeding table should be cleaned every morning and disinfected frequently to prevent the remaining food from deteriorating and polluting the pool water. In the future, young frogs should be raised in grades according to their size, and the density is generally per square meter 100-300. Cover the upper mouth of the frog pond with gauze to prevent escape and rodent damage.