Problem analysis and guidance: There are many possibilities of inflammation in cervical lymphadenopathy (1). Acute patients have the characteristics of redness, pain and heat, with rapid onset and local tenderness. After anti-inflammation, the lump subsided. Chronic patients have a long course of disease, many activities and no tenderness, and are often located in the submandibular region.

(2) tuberculosis. Tuberculosis lesions that can be primary or secondary to abdominal cavity have a long course of disease, and swollen lymph nodes are string-shaped, medium in quality, movable, without tenderness, and can adhere to each other and form a group. If caseous necrosis occurs, a fistula will form.

(3) Metastatic malignant tumor. It is one of the causes of cervical lymph node enlargement, and its primary focus is mostly in the head and neck. The mass is gradually enlarged, hard, with poor mobility and no tenderness, often unilateral or bilateral. Nasopharyngeal cancer, tonsillar cancer and laryngeal cancer often metastasize to supraclavicular lymph nodes, nasal, sinus, oral and facial cancers often invade submandibular lymph nodes, and esophageal and cancer metastasize to supraclavicular lymph nodes.

(4) Malignant lymphoma. It is a malignant tumor that occurs in lymphatic reticular tissue. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is painless, progressive, hard and poor in activity. Hodgkin's lymphoma is mostly bilateral, and its symptoms are fever, hepatosplenomegaly, emaciation and fatigue.

(5) AIDS. It is caused by the invasion of human immunodeficiency virus, with a long course of disease, gradually enlarged lymph nodes, often swollen inguinal lymph nodes, fever, emaciation, fatigue and leukopenia.

I hope it will help you, and I wish you good health!