Abstract: Under the guidance of government preferential policies, many rural families have set up their own poultry breeding factories, raising chickens, ducks, geese, pigeons, etc., and living a prosperous life. However, behind the glamor, they have put in a lot of heartache and blood and sweat. The work in the breeding factory is dirty and tiring, and the investment risk is also very high. If you don't learn some breeding techniques and act recklessly, you may lose everything. . Let’s learn about the raising costs, equipment, feed formula, disease prevention and control of poultry breeding. What animals are included in poultry farming? Poultry refers to artificially raised birds and animals, usually for the production of eggs, meat, feathers, etc., but some are also raised for viewing, usually animals of the pheasant family and duck family, but also other families. Birds such as turkeys, pigeons, quail and various songbirds, common ones include chickens, turkeys, guinea fowl, pigeons, geese, etc.

Poultry breeding management experience and precautions for raising chickens 1. Breeding cost Factory equipment budget: Different breeding types have different investment costs. A farm with 1,000 chickens costs 20,000 yuan per 100 square meters. Heating and lighting barrel Drinking fountain and other equipment cost 2,000 yuan.

Chicken cost budget: The cost of a fast chicken is about 20-25 yuan, the cost of a high-quality local chicken is about 15-20 yuan, and the general working capital is about 20,000 yuan. If you are raising laying hens, you need to add a cage of about 15,000 yuan, the cost of another chicken is about 30 yuan, and the working capital is 20,000 yuan.

The overall budget is that the initial investment in raising broiler chickens is about 35,000 to 45,000 yuan, and the initial investment in raising laying hens is about 60,000 yuan.

2. Breeding equipment includes heating equipment, ventilation equipment, water supply equipment, feeding equipment, egg collection equipment, feces cleaning equipment, cages, lighting equipment, etc.

3. Feed formula ① Feed formula for chicks: corn 62%, wheat bran 3.2%, soybean meal 31%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.3%, stone powder 1.2%, salt 0.3%, additive 1%.

②The feed formula for laying hens and growing chickens: corn 61.4%, wheat bran 14%, soybean meal 21%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1.2%, stone powder 1.1%, salt 0.3%, additives 1%.

③ Feed formula for laying hens: 58.4% corn, 3% wheat bran, 28% soybean meal, 1.3% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 8% stone powder, 0.3% salt, and 1% additive.

Note: The above additives contain amino acids, vitamins, trace elements and growth promoters.

4. Farm management ① Specifications of chicken coops

We must pay attention to the temporary "dormitory" for farmed chickens. Although chickens are poultry and social animals, they still need to pay attention to them. Separate chicken houses will make it easier to manage the chickens. At the same time, the area of ??the chicken houses can be reasonably planned to maximize benefits within a reasonable range.

② Breeding hygiene

Chicken houses must pay attention to relevant hygiene management. This is not a trivial matter for safety. Hygiene management can be said to be an important task for chicken farms and must be done. Regular inspection and cleaning should be carried out. If any abnormal situation is found, it should be dealt with urgently. If it cannot be dealt with, report it to the relevant department immediately and request for treatment.

5. Disease prevention and treatment ① Newcastle disease in chickens

Since the onset of this disease is very rapid, prevention is generally the main focus. Chickens should be vaccinated in time, and the chickens should be raised regularly and pay attention to hygiene. Disinfection status. Timely drug treatment after the onset of disease, and large-dose spraying of Newcastle disease I series vaccine can be used for effective prevention and control.

② Avian cholera

This disease is extremely harmful and there is no good treatment method. We must focus on prevention and timely vaccination for prevention. After the onset of the disease, it can be treated with chronic drugs. If it is acute, the sick chicken must be dealt with promptly. If the disease occurs in a chicken farm, there is basically no solution. The chicken farm must be sealed off, all chickens in the farm must be killed and burned, and then the entire site must be disinfected. After two months, the chickens must be reintroduced.

③ colibacillosis

First of all, we must reduce the breeding density, do a good job in sanitation and disinfection, and the drinking water and feed must be clean to prevent the disease caused by spoiled or moldy drinking water and feed. This disease occurs. When the disease occurs, special medicine slurry can be used to kill and control the disease. Vitamins can also be added to the feed to enhance disease resistance.

④Chicken pullorum

Usually strengthen feeding, disinfection and isolation, maintain a suitable temperature, add an appropriate amount of antibiotics to the feed or drinking water, isolate the sick chickens in time after the onset of the disease, and then use Enrofloxacin and florfenicol drinking water treatment.

6. Raising attention: ①Chick selection

Chick selection is the most important part in the process of raising chickens. Good selection of chicks will reduce a lot of subsequent costs, because Good chickens will be more resistant to diseases when they grow up, grow faster, and be ready for slaughter sooner.

②Temperature control

When chickens are raised, they also need to be divided into seasons. The weather in summer will be hotter, so the chickens don’t have to worry about freezing. You can put them out early. Come out for breeding. The weather in winter is relatively cold, so you should choose to release them at noon when the temperature is high. If it rains or snows, you cannot release them to raise.

③ Pay attention to drinking water

When chickens are raised, they can actually drink cold water. This can effectively reduce the occurrence of lung heat. Especially in summer and autumn, be sure to pay attention to this. In addition, chicken drinking utensils must be disinfected frequently to prevent the spread of viruses.

④ Breeding technology

If it is a free-range chicken, it is best not to raise the chicks with the hen after they are born, because the hen can easily take the chicks. If it is lost, you can keep it in captivity until it grows up and adapts to the environment before releasing it. If it is broiler chickens from a large-scale breeding farm, then the disease prevention and control of the chickens should be strengthened and all aspects of breeding should be strictly controlled.

Raising ducks 1. The cost of raising ducks is calculated based on 1,000 ducks:

Cost of ducklings: 1.5 yuan per duckling, cost of 1,000 ducks: 1.5×1,000=1,500 yuan

Duck feed cost: Duck feed is 1.7 yuan per kilogram. A duck is raised in a shed for 45 days and eats about 13 kilograms of feed. The feed cost of a duck is: 1.7×13=22.1; the feed cost of 1,000 ducks: 22.1×1000 =22100 yuan

Cost *** total: 15022100=23600 yuan

2. Breeding equipment includes ventilation equipment, cooling equipment, light control equipment, cleaning and disinfection equipment, and environment Monitoring and control integrated system.

3. Feed formula ① Laying duck and duckling stage: corn 50%, vegetable cake 20%, broken rice 10%, bran 10%, fish meal 7.5%, meat meal 1%, shell meal 1%, Table salt 0.5%.

②Mid-duck stage of laying duck: corn 50%, wheat 17%, bran 12%, broken rice 10%, vegetable cake 5%, fish meal 4.5%, shell meal 1%, salt 0.5%. The feed must have good palatability, stable nutritional content, and be easy to store.

③ During the laying period of laying ducks: 51% corn, 22% soybean meal, 3% rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal, 10% secondary flour, 9.7% stone powder, 4% premix, and 0.3% salt. The main components of additives include amino acids, vitamins and minerals.

④Meat duck duckling stage (1-25 days old): corn 51%, rapeseed cake 20%, broken rice 10%, bran 10%, fish meal 6.5%, bone meal 1%, shells 1% powder, 0.5% salt, appropriate amount of premix.

⑤Middle duck stage (26-45 days old): corn 50%, rapeseed cake 5%, broken rice 10%, wheat 17%, bran 11%, fish meal 4.5%, bone meal 1%, shell powder 1%, salt 0.5%.

⑥Meat duck fattening period (7 to 15 days before sale): corn 37%, rice bran 25%, semolina 26.5%, soybeans 5%, fish meal 3%, bone meal 1%, shell meal 2% , salt 0.5%.

4. Farm management ①Duck house site selection and construction

The site selection of the duck house should fully consider the external environment and feeding and management conditions of the duck farm. The duck farm should be built on high ground. A dry, well-drained, ventilated place that is easy to prevent epidemics. Moreover, the land used for the factory site should comply with the requirements of the local land use planning, and it cannot be built upstream of the drinking water source or occupy the river as a duck sports ground.

The duck house is preferably a bamboo-wood structure greenhouse with cement on the ground. The construction area is 500 square meters per shed/approximately 3,500 ducks can be raised.

The production area of ??the duck farm is isolated from the living management area and is located in the downwind or crosswind direction. The duck house should be built upwind of the production area and enclosed. Sick ducks should be isolated, feces treatment facilities, and dead ducks should be treated harmlessly. Located downwind or crosswind of the production area.

② Regular immunization

When staff enter the production area and duck house, they must change their work clothes and work shoes, and be disinfected by ultraviolet irradiation. Duck farm staff should undergo regular health checks, and those with infectious diseases should not engage in breeding work. On-site veterinary personnel should not diagnose and treat diseases in ducks and other animals.

Duck farm staff should pay more attention to the health status of the ducks, handle any abnormalities promptly, choose efficient and safe deworming agents, and deworm the ducks regularly.

5. Disease prevention and control ①Duck plague

Strengthen feeding and management, regularly disinfect duck houses, utensils and sports grounds, keep them clean and sanitary, and avoid grazing in epidemic areas. The attenuated duck plague vaccine can be used for the first dose of 0.5 per bird at 20 days of age and injected subcutaneously, and for the second dose at 35 days of age, 1 dose per bird for intramuscular injection. Breeding ducks are injected intramuscularly with 2 doses/bird 15 to 20 days before laying eggs.

② Duck viral hepatitis

Breeding ducks should be intramuscularly injected with 2 doses of duck hepatitis attenuated vaccine per bird 1 to 20 days before the start of laying, and 4 doses in the middle of laying period. / Only boost immunity once. Ducklings whose breeding mothers have been immunized against the disease can be postponed until they are 7 days old.

③Avian aspergillosis

The affected ducks were mixed with nystatin in the feed. In order to prevent secondary infection, enrofloxacin was mixed with 0.01% and fed. Day 4d.

④ Colibacillosis

Treatment of infected ducks is intramuscular injection of gentamicin 2 to 3 mg/kg body weight and kanamycin 10 to 15 mg/kg body weight, 3 times/d. Use continuously for 3 to 5 days. Oxytetracycline powder is 60 to 250 mg/I. Mix with water and drink for 5 to 7 days.

6. Breeding attention: ① Breeding selection

Select suitable breeds for breeding based on local climate conditions, market conditions and breeding patterns.

②Temperature adjustment

It is necessary to maintain air circulation in the duck house, avoid direct sunlight, and pay attention to ventilation.

③Avoid stress

When feeding, feeding, changing bedding, cleaning, disinfecting, etc., do not move too much to avoid scaring the ducks.

Goose raising 1. Feeding cost

① Grazing supplementary feeding

Cost of each goose: Goose seedlings: 8 yuan each; 0-15 days, One catty of small material × 1.6 yuan = 1.6 yuan; 10015-30 days: 2.5 catties of refined material × 0.9 yuan = 2.25 yuan; 30-70 days: grazing + 8 catties of refined material × 0.8 yuan = 6.4 yuan; 70 days to slaughter: 5 pounds of breeding fertilizer × 0.9 yuan = 4.5 yuan; immunity + medicine cost: 1 yuan;

Comprehensive cost: 8+1.6+2.25+6.4+4.5+1=23.75 yuan.

② Feeding in captivity

Goslings: 8 yuan each; from 0 to 15 days, one catty of small feed × 1.6 yuan = 1.6 yuan, from 15 to 45 days: 9 fine feed Jin × 0.9 yuan = 8.1 yuan; 45-75 days: 15 jins of coarse material × 0.8 yuan = 12 yuan; immunity + medicine cost: 1 yuan;

Comprehensive cost: 8+1.6+8.1+12+ 1=30.7 yuan.

2. Breeding equipment includes transport cages, self-heating brooding equipment, heated brooding equipment, two infrared light bulbs, heated brooding furnaces, coal stove insulation, soft bamboo enclosures and fences, feeding and drinking equipment, production Egg nest or laying box.

3. Feed formula Feed formula for goslings 0-4 weeks old: 70% straw biological feed, 1% bone meal, 5% bean cake, 2.2% fish meal, 18% corn meal, 2.2% bran, 0.3% salt %, shell powder 1%.

Feed formula for geese within 4-7 weeks: straw biological feed 75%, bone meal 1%, bean cake 5% fish meal 3.1%, corn meal 15%, bran 3.5%, salt 0.4%, shell meal 2%;

The feed formula for geese within 7-10 weeks: 85% straw biological feed, 1% bone meal, 3% bean cake, 2.5% fish meal, 5% corn meal, 1% bran, 0.5% salt, Shell powder 2%.

4. Farm management ① Establish a strict disinfection system

Implement regular disinfection, including the environment, poultry houses, brooding rooms, feeding tools, warehouses, etc., which should be cleaned and rinsed before disinfection. After drying, disinfect with drugs. If conditions permit, the goose farm should be disinfected once every 3 days. Generally, it should be disinfected once every 7 days to control the growth of microbial pathogens.

②Ensure that feed and drinking water are pollution-free

Goose farms should pay attention to the hygiene of feed and drinking water, feed less and add more often, and keep feces compacted and wet. Soft granular ones that are not dilute are suitable; drinking fountains, sinks, and feed troughs will be contaminated by feces, and the backlog of water and feed in sinks and feed troughs should be removed in time to avoid causing E. coli and diarrhea. It is forbidden to feed moldy and spoiled concentrated feed. Those that can be grazed can be grazed to let them eat enough green feed. Those that are grazed without conditions should be supplemented with green feed.

5. Disease prevention and treatment ① Gosling plague

Use gosling plague vaccine twice in succession about 1 month before the breeding geese lay eggs for advance immunization. Emergency immunization can also be carried out on goslings with anti-goose plague serum, with 0.5 ml of subcutaneous injection for each gosling, and the protection rate can reach 90%. When treating sick geese, 1 ml should be injected into each geese under 15 days old; 2 ml should be injected into each geese above 15 days old, and then injected once every other day. The cure rate can reach 70-85%. High egg yolk injection can also be used for emergency prevention and treatment.

② Pullorum

This disease is mainly caused by bacterial infection. You can use an appropriate amount of chili powder and ginger, put it into the pot and stir-fry for a few minutes, then stir in rice bran and stir-fry again. After frying the rice bran and letting it cool, feed it. Feeding for 2 days will cure the disease.

③Goose influenza

Mainly occurs in goslings, mostly caused by sudden changes in temperature. The sick goose is lethargic and has a loss of appetite. Shaking his head. The treatment method is to inject penicillin intramuscularly into the sick goose, or take iodine tablets orally.

④ Paratyphoid

Gossels aged 7 to 10 days are most susceptible to infection. The main symptoms are loss of appetite, dry mouth, wheezing, and convulsions. To treat this disease, you can mix it into the feed at a ratio of 0.65% and feed it for 3 to 8 days to be effective.

⑤ Avian Cholera

Sick geese stand with eyes closed, lose appetite, have a body temperature as high as 40-43°C, and die 2-3 days after onset. After the onset of the disease, a mixture of penicillin and streptomycin should be injected intramuscularly for 3 to 4 days, twice a day, and 0.02% of compound sulfamethoxazole should be added to the feed.

⑥Rheumatism

This disease is also called "rheumatism". To prevent and treat this disease, cut the gosling's paws open, squeeze out the dirty blood, and soak them in human urine for 3-5 minutes to cure the disease.

⑦ Coccidiosis

This disease mainly harms goslings aged 21-90 days. Prevention should mainly focus on 21-90 days of age. Chlorphenyl guanidine can be added to the feed. The preventive dose is 50 mg per kilogram of feed; the therapeutic dose is 100 mg per kilogram of feed.

⑧ Parasitic disease

Parasitic disease is a nutrient-consuming disease of geese. Although it does not cause death from starvation, it seriously affects the growth and development of geese. Generally, the first maggot deworming is performed when the goslings are 1 month old. Generally, geese are fed 150-200 mg of thiodichlorophenol per kilogram of body weight at night, which has special effects on the prevention and control of tapeworms.

⑨Soft foot disease

This disease is mainly caused by the lack of vitamin D and minerals in the goose feed. The treatment method is to feed each goose 10 ml of vitamin D, 2 times a day, 3 to 5 times in a row.

⑩Toxic disease

It is mainly caused by the geese accidentally eating green feed sprayed with pesticides. If the goose is poisoned, 10-15 capsules of dry urea can be stuffed into the goose's mouth, and then fed with water. After feeding the water, drive the geese into the pond to drink water freely. Generally, geese with mild poisoning can slowly return to normal after 2 hours.

6. Feeding attention: ① Disease prevention and control

Be sure to disinfect the goose pen regularly and clean up the garbage in the goose pen in time. If geese with infectious diseases are found, they must be isolated and treated as soon as possible. The geese can also be vaccinated at the beginning.

②Goose pen management

The suitable breeding temperature for geese is 20℃-25℃, and the humidity should not be too high, otherwise bacteria will easily breed.

Raising pigeons 1. The cost of raising pigeons is that each pair of breeding pigeons needs a basic daily diet of 0.12-0.14 kilograms, and about 45 kilograms of feed per year.

Every time a qualified (about 25 days old, weighing 1 pound) squab is produced, 2.1 kilograms of feed is needed. If a pair of breeding pigeons produces 20 squabs a year, it is necessary The feed is 42 kilograms, and the total of the two items requires about 90 kilograms of feed.

The feed price per kilogram is calculated based on the annual average price of 1.20 yuan, and the annual feed fee for each pair of breeding pigeons is 108 yuan.

Health care sand is calculated at 5 yuan per year, vaccines and health drugs are calculated at 3 yuan, labor, water and electricity depreciation, office expenses, etc. are calculated at 28 yuan, and total cost is 36 yuan.

2. Breeding equipment includes pigeonhouses, pigeon cages, nest basins, food troughs, drinking fountains, pigeon rings, fake eggs, pigeon catching covers, and perches.

3. Feed formula ① Newborn pigeons: peas: 35%, soybeans: 5%, brown rice: 15%, wheat: 10%, sorghum: 10%, mung beans: 5%, white flower seeds: 10%, hemp seeds: 10%.

②The shedding period of young pigeons: barley -40%, wheat -10%, rice -15%, rapeseed -5%, sorghum -20%, white flower seed -10%

< p>③Moulting period: corn -20%, peas -30%, barley -10%, wheat -10%, rapeseed -10%, sorghum -10%, white flower seed -10%.

4. Breeding farm management ① Carry out professional cleaning work regularly to prevent pigeons from being infected with viruses. Pigeons are very sensitive to temperature and humidity. You must pay attention to the greenhouse temperature in time and adjust it in time.

② When the weather is hot, the pigeons should be avoided from direct sunlight; when it is sultry, the Dapeng should be ventilated in time and replaced with fresh air. This can reduce the pigeons' illness and death.

③ Under normal circumstances, cleaning is performed every two to three days and thorough disinfection is performed about half a month. The second step is to take anti-escape measures to prevent pigeons from escaping and causing unnecessary losses.

5. Disease prevention and treatment ① Adenovirus

If it is the first form of disease, the treatment is relatively simple. It can be cured by feeding some antibiotics, which can be purchased at ordinary pigeon spots; If it is the second form, it must be isolated in time to prevent spread and disinfected.

② Colibacillosis

Keep the environment of the pigeonhouse clean and keep away from rodents. Antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria can be used to prevent and treat the disease.

③Trichomoniasis

Planned and regular feeding, regular disinfection of feeding utensils, newly introduced pigeons must be isolated and observed before being put into the pigeon colony. It was found that Sick pigeons are isolated in time and then fed with therapeutic drugs.

④ Parasitic diseases

Whether it is internal or external, keeping the pigeon house clean is helpful to prevent parasites. Internal parasites can be prevented and treated by feeding pharmaceuticals, and external parasites can also be prevented. Spray pesticides for control.

6. Feeding precautions ① Pay attention to feeding the pigeons at a fixed time every day, feeding protein, energy and other nutritionally comprehensive feeds, such as mung beans, corn, wheat, and ensuring that the pigeons’ daily drinking water is clean.

② When the pigeon is in estrus, pay attention to choosing a mating partner for it in time, otherwise the pigeon will easily fly away.

③ Pigeons also need to be bathed. They can be bathed every day in summer and once a week in winter.

Raising quails 1. The cost of raising quails is as follows: 10,000 quails are taken as an example. If it is raised by a small household, it will take about 35 days to lay eggs. The total investment is 3 to 4 yuan per piece. If it is 10,000 quails, it will be 3 to 40,000 yuan.

In the first year of raising quail, it will cost about 80,000 yuan for infrastructure, cages, water and electricity, vaccines, labor and other costs.

From the time of purchase to the end of egg laying and sale, each quail consumes 25 grams of feed per day. Based on 300 days of breeding, 10,000 quails will cost more than 190,000 yuan in feed costs throughout the year.

If it is standardized and scaled, its initial investment will mainly be in fixed self-production, including equipment. The investment will be relatively large, with 70,000 pieces per building and nearly 300,000 in facilities.

2. Breeding equipment includes feeding equipment, temperature control equipment, ventilation equipment, and manure scrapers.

3. Feed formula ① Young quail (0-20 days old): corn 53, soybean meal 25, fish meal 15, bran 3.5, grass (leaf) meal 1.5, bone meal 1, additive 1.

② Baby quail (21 to 35 days old): corn 64, soybean meal 20, fish meal 7, bran 5, grass (leaf) meal 1.5, bone meal 1.5, additive 1.

③Egg-laying quail: corn 49.5, soybean meal 22, fish meal 14, bran 3.5, grass (leaf) meal 4.2, bone meal 2, stone meal or shell meal 3.8, additive 1.

4. Breeding farm management ① Reasonably divide functional units from the perspective of human and quail health care, and rationally divide functional areas according to the needs of each production link (generally including incubator, brooding house, quail house, breeding house Quail houses, laying quail houses, fattening houses, feed warehouses and veterinary rooms, etc.).

②The temperature and humidity environment in the house should meet the physiological requirements of quails at different stages to reduce the chance of quails developing diseases.

③ Specially set up passages for staff to enter and exit. Regular protective items that staff come into contact with should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected in the passages to prevent people from carrying and spreading pathogens to the greatest extent.

④ Prevent the entry of all outsiders, refuse visits, and minimize the interaction of staff in different functional areas. If it is unavoidable, practical cleaning and disinfection measures must be taken.

⑤Training and physical examination: Staff members are regularly trained on biosafety knowledge, and all staff should undergo regular health examinations.

5. Disease prevention and treatment ① Newcastle disease

Newcastle disease II series vaccine can be used, drinking water immunization, 3 times in a row. The night before drinking water vaccination, the water supply was stopped to cause the quails to feel thirsty. The next morning, water containing the vaccine was added so that all quails could drink the water and drink it all within 2 hours.

②Marek's disease

There is no specific drug treatment for this disease, and prevention is the main focus. The effect of subcutaneous injection of Marek vaccine on newborn quail is better.

③Lime foot disease

During treatment, 20% sulfur ointment can be applied to the affected area twice a day for 3-5 days. You can also wash away the scabs on your shins and toes with warm water, and then soak them in 0.1% trichlorfon solution for 4-5 minutes.

④ Quail bronchitis

Add 0.04%-0.08% oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline to the feed and drinking water during the disease period, and appropriately increase the temperature of the chick room and quail house. Temperature and improved ventilation conditions can reduce deaths.

⑤Quail Diplococcosis

2 grams of streptomycin, mixed with 24 kilograms of aqueous solution; 0.05% dysentery in clean drinking water, both used for 7 days. After an interval of 5 days, and then taking the above method for 7 days, the disease can be cured. During the medication period, the house and drinking utensils should be cleaned and disinfected frequently to maintain a hygienic environment in the quail house.

6. Breeding attention: ①Cage placement

We insist on using a layered breeding model for quail breeding cages, and the cages should generally be placed in a well-ventilated, sunny place. A place with good light and good thermal insulation effect. Secondly, the bottom of the cage must have a certain inclination to facilitate the collection of quail eggs. Defecation, food, drinking water, lighting, etc. should be set up in the cage to facilitate breeding management.

②Temperature and humidity adjustment

The temperature and humidity adjustment in the breeding room is very important, especially for quails in the brooding stage. The indoor temperature of newly hatched quails should generally be controlled at about 35 to 38 degrees. When the quails are a week old, we can slowly lower the temperature and adjust the temperature to about 25 degrees. In the later breeding process, , you need to maintain a constant temperature of 25%, which is very beneficial to the growth of quail. The last thing we need to pay attention to is that the temperature in the breeding room should be maintained at about 70 to 80 percent.

③Daily Hygiene

Quails have relatively good physiques, so they are relatively easy to feed, but we must also pay attention to hygiene and cleaning to avoid bacterial infections. At the same time, we also need to keep the breeding environment up to date, carry out regular disinfection, and maintain reasonable indoor ventilation, otherwise quails, no matter how healthy they are, will get sick.

④Moulting management

During the breeding process, we also need to supervise the moulting of quails. If they do not moult on their own, artificial forced moulting is required. However, artificial forced moulting is usually about two weeks after the quails lay eggs. We need to stop feeding, let the quails stop laying eggs, moult quickly, and then resume production. During this moulting process, we also need to eliminate quail and ensure an adequate supply of drinking water.