Red beans generally refer to red beans. Nicknames: red adzuki bean, red bean, red adzuki bean, red adzuki bean, adzuki bean.

Red bean is an annual, erect or twining herb. 30 to 90 cm high, the plants are sparsely hairy. Pinnate compound leaves with 3 leaflets; Stipules peltate, arrow-shaped, 0.9 to 1.7 cm long; Leaflets ovate to rhomboid ovate, 5 to 10 cm long and 5 to 8 cm wide, apex broadly triangular or suborbicular, lateral oblique, entire or shallowly trifoliate, and both surfaces are slightly hairy.

Flowers yellow, about 5 or 6 flowers are born at the top of short total pedicel; Pedicel is extremely short; Bracteoles lanceolate, 6 to 8 mm long; Calyx campanulate, 3 to 4 mm long; The corolla is about 9 mm long, the flag petal is oblate or nearly kidney-shaped, often slightly skewed, and the top is concave. The wing petal is wider than the keel petal, with short stalks and ears. The top of the keel petal is bent for nearly half a turn, and one of them has a corner bulge in the middle and lower part and a stalk at the base. Ovary linear, style curved, hairy near apex.

Pods are cylindrical, 5 to 8 cm long and 5 to 6 mm wide, spreading or recurved, glabrous; Seeds are usually dark red or other colors, oblong, 5 to 6 mm long and 4 to 5 mm wide, with both ends truncated or nearly round, and the hilum is not depressed. Flowering in summer and fruiting from September to1October.

Habitat of origin

It is cultivated in both north and south of China.

Growth habit

Red beans like temperature, light and waterlogging. In the whole growth period, it is required to be above 10℃, and the effective accumulated temperature is 20-25℃, generally above 8-12℃ to start germination and emergence. Red beans are sensitive to light, sowing early prolongs the growth period, and the maturity is not early. Therefore, the introduction from high latitude to low latitude will mature early, while the introduction from low latitude to high latitude will prolong the maturity. The growth length of red beans varies with varieties. The short growth period can be 60 to 90 days; The growth period is 80 to 120 days. Red beans need the most water before and after flowering, and it is easy to drop flowers and pods when they encounter high temperature and drought during flowering and pod setting. Too wet, plants tend to lodging. At the mature stage of grain bulging, sunny weather is beneficial to photosynthesis and increase grain weight. Red beans grow best in loose humus-rich soil. Red beans planted in sandy land are red and shiny. The red beans planted in loam are dark red and dark red. Red bean has strong adaptability to soil, and can grow in slightly acidic and slightly alkaline soil.

Main value

Red beans mainly contain nutrients such as protein and sugar. Seeds can be eaten, cooked in porridge or made into bean paste. Dry beans contain protein 2 1 to 23%, fat 0.3% and carbohydrate 65%.

Nutritional components: Every 100g of red bean contains protein 217g, fat 0.8g, sugar 60.7g, crude fiber 4.9g, calcium 76mg, phosphorus 386mg, iron 45mg, thiamine 0.43mg, riboflavin 0. 16mg and niacin 2.

Lysine: The content of lysine in amino acids is high.

Others: Red beans also contain three kinds of crystalline saponins.

Red bean recipe:

Winter melon and red bean soup

Raw materials: 500g of wax gourd and 40g of red beans.

Practice: Boil wax gourd and red beans in two bowls with water and simmer for 20 minutes.

Usage: No or little salt, take twice a day, eat melon and drink soup.

Red bean, corn and barley porridge

Raw materials: 50 grams of corn stigma, 0/5 grams of red beans/kloc-,30 grams of coix seed.

Practice: add appropriate amount of water to the corn beard and fry it for 10 minute. Wash the adzuki bean and coix seed into the pot, boil it with high fire and then boil it with low fire to make porridge. Warm clothing, daily 1 time.

Plantain seed and red bean sweet soup

Raw materials: 200g of plantain seeds, 250g of red beans and 500g of glutinous rice.

Practice: decoct the plantain seeds in water, boil the adzuki beans with the plantain seeds until they are half rotten, then put them in glutinous rice, cook until the glutinous rice is cooked, and add rock sugar or white sugar.