August 2, living in Beijing, Xiaoyu and his family in Nandaihe Tianma bath play, was stung by jellyfish caused by acute pulmonary edema, swelling of the legs, thighs have a long strip of red ecchymosis, the afternoon of the death of medical treatment. Recently, a number of tourists were stung while playing in Nandaihe. How poisonous are jellyfish?

Jellyfish

Jellyfish (seajelly, or jellyfish, nettlefish) hǎi zhéㄞˇ ㄓ ㄜˊ(Rhopilema esculenta Kishinouye)? Coelenterata. The umbrella is elevated in the shape of a bun, up to fifty centimeters in diameter and up to one meter in size, with a hard gelatinous, usually greenish-blue, gelatinous mass. Tentacles creamy white. Mouth wrist eight, lack of crack into many flaps. Widely distributed in China's north and south of the sea. Can be eaten, and can be used as medicine.

Jellyfish toxicity

Jellyfish venom can cause varying degrees of damage to the human body after stinging, such as sea wasp jellyfish, stinging filaments can be secreted cobra-like venom, the most harmful to human beings, stinging 5 minutes after the death of a person. Monk jellyfish contains "hypnotic toxin", this toxin is composed of peptides and proteins and small molecules of nitrogenous substances, after stinging the human body, the patient for many days to eliminate the pain. The sand jellies that float in the Yellow Sea along the coast of China with cold currents can secrete peptide toxins. Jellyfish toxin in the storage and distribution of the capsule, 1 gram of the capsule contains 55 million single capsule, generally in the fishing, processing and handling of its toxicity can quickly disappear. Animal experiments have confirmed that jellyfish toxin on the mammalian mood conduction system, the heart of crustaceans have a detrimental effect, and can lead to rodent small intestinal smooth muscle contraction. It is found that jellyfish toxin is tetramethylamine complex, 5 a hydroxytryptamine and polypeptide substances, and has a strong histamine response. Its vasodilatation and enhance capillary permeability effect of 5 a hydroxytryptophan 10 and 15 times, respectively, but also smooth muscle contraction, or hypersensitivity, resulting in severe pulmonary edema and anaphylactic shock, people were stung by jellyfish due to the size of the toxicity and the amount of toxin as well as the individual sensitivity to the degree of symptoms are different.

Symptoms of toxicity

The human skin is most vulnerable to stings, usually in a few minutes there is an electric shock-like tingling sensation, a few hours after the injury area gradually appeared electric shock-like tingling sensation, a few hours after the injury area gradually appeared in the line arrangement of the red spots of the rash, itchy and burning pain, the light can be about 20 days to self healing. In patients with strong sensitivity, local erythema and edema, blisters, petechiae, and even epidermal necrosis may appear. The systemic manifestations of patients may include irritability, chills, abdominal pain, diarrhea, mental depression and chest tightness and shortness of breath. In severe cases, the patient may cough and wheeze, spit out white or pink foamy sputum, and be accompanied by signs of anaphylactic shock such as weak pulse, bruising of the skin and drop in blood pressure. If the rescue is not timely, this kind of sting patients can die in a short period of time.

Sting statistics

China's vast sea area, every year in July and September there are a considerable number of cases of jellyfish stings, before the main fishermen fishing for jellyfish, swimming and playing in the waterfront stung patients. Such as Qinhuangdao beach in recent years stings patients amounted to more than 3400. According to the tourist resort Beidaihe seaside hospital statistics, since 1989, 5 years, **** admitted to be stung patients 3030 cases, which caused sudden anaphylactic pulmonary edema accounted for 0.3%, there are 4 cases of death (all with severe shock).

Case

July 29, 1987, the wind will be a large number of stings blown into the Beidaihe beach bathing. The long tentacles of the jellyfish are like the hair of a young girl, and the round "head" is as lovely as jade, and it is even more charming to swim with a contraction, and many bathers are confused by it, and have to grab it with their hands and hold it. However, it is in this "intimate embrace", more than 600 people were stung; a young woman called Li Yunfen poisoning is very deep, after the rescue and death.

Preventing stings

The most important thing in preventing jellyfish stings is to avoid contact with jellyfish, especially the operation of the fishermen to do a good job of personal protection, do not be paralyzed. Fishing as much as possible with tools without direct contact with jellyfish whiskers, there is a specific sensitivity of the body should be prohibited to work in the sea. Seaside tourism in jellyfish season should be set up buoy bar net, well in the seaside to establish a conspicuous publicity warning signs, and with the prevention of injuries to the popularization of science education and publicity broadcasting, in order to improve the knowledge and ability of visitors to self-protection. Swimming in the sea or boat in the sea if you find jellyfish must not touch, not to mention fishing, because once the accident occurred at sea, it is not easy to rescue. Once stung by jellyfish, the injured must not panic, as long as the timely hospital treatment, generally can be faster and healed. On the other hand, if the stung person initiative improper or careless paralysis, it is easy to drowning, fall or due to untimely treatment and the danger and aggravation of the condition.

Medical staff reminded: never catch, touch the jellyfish floating in the sea water. Once stung by jellyfish, do not use fresh water to rinse, because fresh water can prompt the stinging cells to release venom, should be used as soon as possible with a towel, clothes, mud and sand to wipe away the tentacles or venom adhering to the skin, available sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) or alum to clean the injury. If the injury area is large and the systemic reaction is serious, go to the hospital in time for treatment.

Don't use fresh water to clean after a jellyfish sting

Yesterday, the Beidaihe People's Hospital jellyfish sting clinic medical staff reminded: never catch, touch the jellyfish floating in the sea water. Once stung by jellyfish, do not use fresh water to rinse, because fresh water can prompt the release of venom sting cells, should be used as soon as possible towels, clothes, mud and sand to wipe away the tentacles or venom adhering to the skin, available sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) or alum to clean the injury. If the injury area is large and the systemic reaction is serious, go to the hospital in time for treatment.

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