1. 1 bed insertion preparation
Gravel and coarse sand with a thickness of 5- 10cm are used as the seepage layer at the bottom of the river bed, and screened coarse sand with a thickness of 15-20 cm is used as the cutting matrix. Before cutting, the sand bed should be sprayed with water to make the water holding capacity reach 40%, then the sand should be compacted and leveled for later use, and thoroughly disinfected with 0. 1% potassium permanganate solution. Covered with a plastic small arch shed film, the shed is connected with a spray pipe, and a sunshade net is hung above the shed for shading.
Preparation of 1.2 nutrient bag substrate
The length× width of the nutrition bag is 10cm× 10cm (there is a small hole at the bottom of the bag), and the matrix inside is vermiculite and perlite mixed according to the ratio of 1: 1, and sterilized with 0.2% potassium permanganate solution.
2 cutting time and cutting selection
The cutting time of shoots should be from May to September, and June is the best. Short, thick, full and vigorous semi-lignified shoots should be selected as cuttings on healthy and pest-free young mother plants. In order to prevent the branches from losing water, it is best to cut the cuttings in the early morning, so that hormone treatment can be carried out at the same time. The cutting length is 10- 15cm. Cut off the basal leaves, leaving two leaves. 1/2 Cut the leaves, and the lower incision should be close to the axillary buds.
3 hormone treatment and cuttage
Before cutting, the rooting agent (NAA concentration of 300 mg/L) was used to dip the base of cuttings for 2 s at a speed of 3cm. The cutting depth is 3-4 cm. Before insertion, a hole must be punched in the substrate, and after insertion, the aperture gap must be clamped, wetted and the film fastened.
4 Temperature, humidity and light
Mastering the appropriate environmental humidity and rooting temperature is the key to the success of cutting. The relative humidity of the air should be between 85% and 95%, the temperature should be between 20℃ and 28℃, preferably 25℃, and proper illumination is needed. By using the small plastic arch shed covered with plastic film, the simple facilities for hanging sunshade nets basically meet the requirements of light and humidity, while the high temperature in summer requires manual control of water spraying to cool down.
4. 1 humidity control
Water the cuttings immediately after cutting 1 time, which can make the cuttings in close contact with the substrate. Improve air humidity by spraying water, and the amount of spraying water should not be too large, especially if there is no water in the substrate; Otherwise, the cuttings will easily rot. Generally, spray water 2 ~ 4 times a day, and spray it 3 ~ 4 times at high temperature.
4.2 Control temperature
Building a sunshade net can not only prevent direct sunlight and reduce the temperature, but also reduce the temperature by spraying water and ventilation.
4.3 Adjust the light intensity
In the early stage of cutting, direct sunlight should be avoided to prevent excessive evaporation of water from branches, causing wilting or burning of leaves and affecting rooting. After the cuttings take root, the light conditions should be appropriately increased to promote the leaves to produce photosynthetic products and make the plants grow healthily.
5 management in the shed before and after rooting
5. 1 Management before rooting
Spraying nutrient solution on the third day after cutting, and then spraying nutrient solution every week (0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate +0. 1% urea +0.05% magnesium sulfate +0.02% micro-fertilizer) 1 time, in order to prevent cuttings from being infected with diseases, supplement basic elements and promote nutrient accumulation of photosynthesis. If diseased cuttings are found three weeks after insertion, the rotten leaves and dead cuttings should be picked out in time to prevent the spread of germs, and some films should be opened regularly to facilitate ventilation.
5.2 Management after Rooting
After the cuttings take root, it is necessary to gradually increase the light transmission intensity and ventilation time to gradually adapt to the external environment. After rooting 10d, cuttings can be transplanted into nutrient bags for culture. You can also remove the shed film, take off the sunshade net, and spray topdressing water (0.2% urea +0. 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate +0.05% photosynthetic micro-fertilizer) with water after 1 m2, so that the leaves of seedlings turn dark green in1week and grow rapidly.
6 Transplanting and field management
When the root system of cuttings grows to more than 6cm, transplant on cloudy days. Dig out the seedlings with a shovel, shake off the sand a little, put bundles of seedlings into ordinary food plastic bags, put them in the nursery, plant them in the nursery, open a planting ditch with a depth of 10cm, arrange the seedlings according to 10cm, return the soil, strengthen the body, and step on them, so that the roots are exposed to the sun as much as possible, and the row spacing is 30cm. It can also be planted in the ground after the root system grows to about 3cm, hardening the seedlings, covering the shade net, hardening the seedlings 1 month.
The newly planted seedlings are weak in disease resistance, so thiophanate-methyl or mancozeb is generally sprayed to prevent diseases, and foliar fertilizer (0.5% urea +0. 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate +0.05% photosynthetic micro-fertilizer) is used. If foliar fertilizer is sprayed every 10d for 3 ~ 5 times continuously, the seedlings can grow healthily. Comprehensive management should also be strengthened after transplanting. Measures such as shading and watering should be taken well in the early stage of transplanting, and bud wiping, soil loosening and pest control should be done well after seedling formation.
According to this cutting seedling raising technology and the cutting bed area of 100m2, 1a is cut 3-4 times, and each seedling1.5×104 ~ 2.0×104 plants //hm2, the annual seedling emergence is about 5.0×/hm2.