China's history is rich and colorful. Up and down for 5,000 years, the dynasties have changed. I don't know how many dynasties it has gone through. There are countless kings and invincible heroes. It can be said that there are so many beauties in the country. The two dynasties closest to modern times are Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. When the Qing Dynasty completely left the historical stage, China officially ended the feudal society of more than 2,000 years. When the Ming and Qing Dynasties changed, many historical figures appeared at the end of the Ming Dynasty, among which there were many heroes, and naturally there were many villains who betrayed their country and sought glory. However, the author has a question: Is it a villain to surrender and surrender, and a hero to fight to the death? It stands to reason that only by sticking to patriotism and seeking glory from sellers can we judge right and wrong.
In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, dynasties changed, which belonged to troubled times, and the characters emerged naturally were various. At this time, there was a general in the late Ming Dynasty? Shi Kefa. When the Qing soldiers entered the Central Plains, Shi Kefa stuck to Yangzhou City. When the Qing soldiers invaded Yangzhou, Shi Kefa had only two choices? Surrender or hold on. Shi Kefa, as a general of the Ming Dynasty, was faithful. He would rather defend Yangzhou than open the gate to clear it. His courage was commendable, but the ending was that the Qing soldiers slaughtered Yangzhou. It is unreasonable for future generations to put the blame on Shi Kefa. Shi Kefa's persistence can be described as death and a hero.
The same thing happened in Nanjing, which was guarded by Qian Qianyi at that time, and also when the Qing soldiers invaded the Central Plains. Facing the Qing soldiers, Qian Qianyi chose to surrender and the Qing soldiers, opened the city gate, became a subordinate of the Qing soldiers, and finally became an assistant minister of the Qing Dynasty. Facing the Qing soldiers' Enemy at the Gates, Qian Qianyi chose to surrender, which made the Qing soldiers easily enter Nanjing, and the people and himself were also saved from the slaughter of the Qing soldiers.
As courtiers of the Ming Dynasty, why was Shi Kefa killed and Qian Qianyi reused by the Qing Dynasty? Then the question is, two things happened in the same period, and the same two generals guarding the city had different attitudes towards the invasion of the Qing army. Which is right or wrong? This problem needs to be further studied. First of all, it should be emphasized that Yangzhou was slaughtered by Qing soldiers, not in Shi Kefa, but because of his epic persistence. Nanjing was preserved not because of Qian Qianyi's contribution, but because of his deeds.
This question also made a wrong premise, that is, Shi Kefa's failure to surrender led to the killing of the whole city, and Qian Qianyi's surrender led to the preservation of the lives of the whole city. Actually, that's not why. In any case, Shi Kefa's deeds of resistance are worthy of praise. Originally, in troubled times, heroes were needed, and later generations would only denounce capitulationists and praise resisters. Only such national feelings can increase the people's resistance will. In other words, Qian Qianyi's surrender seems to have something to do with the survival of the Nanjing people, but this is a negative approach, and he thinks more about his own selfishness.
In history, Qian Qianyi took Liu Rushi, one of the most famous eight beauties in Qinhuai. At that time, Liu Rushi wanted to throw himself into the water with Qian Qianyi to show his sincerity, but Qian Qianyi was unwilling to do so because the water was too cold. Therefore, this matter is not only despised by Liu Rushi, but also often looked down on Qian Qianyi by later generations, and its practice is worth pondering.
In the face of what the two generals have done, I think persistence is absolutely worthy of approval. Although surrender saved lives, it actually only saved lives temporarily, and it could not be supported and encouraged from a long-term perspective, which was extremely harmful to the whole nation. Since ancient times, heroism has been respected, and the spirit of unyielding death has been sung. In the face of national security, it has always been advocated to stick to the practice of preferring to lose one's life. Right and wrong, it's up to you. The spirit of standing firm and never back down is commendable. It is also rare in this society, because there are too many people who are easy to retreat.