1, chronic eczema, this kind of eczema is sometimes chronic, but it mostly develops from acute and subacute. Chronic eczema generally occurs in limbs, such as hands and feet, calves, cubital fossa, fossa and so on. , and are symmetrically distributed. The lesions were localized, with skin thickening, infiltration and lichenoid transformation, and obvious pigmentation. Can cause severe itching, itching will be more obvious when it is hot or sleeping at night. The disease lingers, but it rarely recovers after several years. If patients do not pay attention to nursing, local treatment or improper diet, they can be sold to chronic eczema and acute attack, thus showing some symptoms of acute eczema.
2, subacute eczema, this kind of eczema inflammation is reduced, skin lesions are red and swollen, and exudation will also be reduced. The lesions are mainly papules, with slight erosion or a small amount of exudation, accompanied by a little scabbing or desquamation. Eczema in this period is still very itchy, and the course of disease can last for several weeks. If it persists, it can turn into chronic eczema; If it is not handled properly, it will also lead to a sharp change in the condition, which will reversibly turn into acute eczema.
3, acute eczema, this type of eczema can occur in any part of the body, the most common in the head, limbs flexion, as well as vulva, hands and feet back and other parts, generally limited to some parts, the whole body is rare. Its lesions are polymorphic, that is, erythema, papules, papules and herpes, or accompanied by blisters, erosion, exudation, scabbing and desquamation. There are several pathological changes in one place, and the inflammatory reaction is obvious. There is obvious inflammation in the middle of the skin, which may be accompanied by erosion and exudation. However, the boundary of the lesion is unclear, the swelling is light, and itching may occur. Severe itching may affect sleep, and some may also cause bacterial infection due to scratching, leading to purulent skin diseases such as folliculitis, furuncle, impetigo and lymphangitis. Acute eczema can be cured quickly if treated in time, but it is easy to relapse.
According to the location of eczema, what are the types of eczema?
1, local eczema: only occurs in specific parts, that is, the parts that can be named, such as hand eczema, vulvar eczema, scrotal eczema, ear eczema, breast eczema, perianal eczema, leg eczema, etc.
2, generalized eczema: many skin lesions, generalized or distributed in many parts of the body. Such as coin eczema, autoimmune eczema and lipomatous eczema.
Diagnostic methods of eczema
Mainly based on medical history, rash morphology and course of disease. The lesions of eczema are generally polymorphic, mainly erythema, papules and papules. The center of the rash is obvious, gradually spreading around, the boundary is unclear, there is a tendency of diffusion and exudation, and chronic patients have infiltration and hypertrophy. The course of the disease is irregular, with recurrent attacks and severe itching.
Treatment of eczema
The purpose is to diminish inflammation and relieve itching. Antihistamines, sedatives, etc. It can be used, and antibiotics can be added for secondary infection. In subacute stage, glucocorticoid emulsion and ointment can be used, and antibiotics can be added to prevent and control secondary infection; In the chronic stage, you can choose ointment and plaster; Intractable localized lesions can be injected with glucocorticoid.
The etiology of eczema is complex, which is often the result of the interaction between internal and external factors. Internal factors such as chronic digestive system diseases, mental stress, insomnia, excessive fatigue, emotional changes, endocrine disorders, infections, metabolic disorders, etc. And external factors such as living environment, climate change and food. Will affect the occurrence of eczema. External stimuli such as sunshine, cold, dryness, heat, scalding of hot water and various animal skins, plants, cosmetics, soap and artificial fibers can be induced. It is a delayed allergic reaction caused by complex internal and external factors.