Buckwheat planting methods:

A, environmental selection

Buckwheat like cool and humid, intolerant of high temperatures and dry winds, fear of frost. Cumulative temperature of 1000 ~ 1 500 ℃ to meet its heat requirements. Seeds in the soil temperature above 16 ℃ about 4 to 5 days to germinate; flowering and fruiting of the optimal temperature of 26 to 30 ℃.

Buckwheat is a short-day crop, when the length of sunshine from 15 to 16 hours to 12 to 14 hours, the reproductive period is shortened, late-maturing varieties are more sensitive than medium- and early-maturing varieties. Each plant can flower more than 2000, but the fruiting rate is very low. Only about 10%, coupled with the weak assimilation of leaves, flowers and fruits fall off seriously.

Buckwheat is not strict on soil requirements. Weak root system, poor seed topsoil, requiring a loose soil layer to facilitate seedling emergence and promote root development. Rapid reproductive growth, strong absorption of fertilizer, suitable for newly reclaimed land planting. Requirements for soil acidity of pH 6 to 7, alkaline soil, should not be planted, every 100 kg of buckwheat seeds, about 3.3 kg of nitrogen absorbed from the soil, phosphorus (P2O5) 1.5 kg, potassium (K2O) 4.3 kg

Two, stubble land

1, stubble: Crop rotation system is an important part of the cropping system Component. Crop rotation, also known as stubble, refers to the same plot of land in a certain number of years in a certain order to rotate planting of different crops to regulate soil fertility, pests and weeds, to achieve high and stable crop yields, "stubble such as on the manure," explains the significance of crop rotation, continuous cropping leads to a decline in crop yields and quality, and even more detrimental to the rational use of land. Buckwheat on the stubble selection is not strict, no matter what stubble can grow, but avoid continuous cropping. In order to obtain high yields of buckwheat, the best choice of crops in the rotation of good stubble, the better stubble is beans, potatoes, these are land crops; followed by corn, wheat, vegetable stubble, these are land crops.

2, land: buckwheat on the soil adaptability is relatively strong, as long as the climate is suitable, any soil, including the growth of other cereal crops not suitable for barren land, newly reclaimed land can be planted, but rich in organic matter, good structure, nutrient-rich, strong water retention, good aeration of the soil can produce high-quality high-yield buckwheat.

Three, sowing

Topography, soil quality, planting system varies greatly, so the sowing method is also different. The main strip, point and spread, scientific cultivation of buckwheat should be advocated strip seeding. Spreading due to uneven seeding, seedlings are not neat, poor ventilation and light, and yield is not high; point sowing is too labor-intensive; strip sowing high quality, in favor of the overall coordination of development. Thus allowing the buckwheat yield increase.

Strip sowing

Mainly animal-drawn plow sowing. According to the terrain and varieties of branching habit of narrow rows of strip sowing and wide rows of strip sowing. Strip sowing to 167 ~ 200 cm compartments, sowing width 13 ~ 17 cm, the advantages of strip sowing is the depth of the same, fall uniformly, the seedling neat, in the spring drought is serious, poor moisture deep moisture sowing, timely sowing, to ensure that the whole seedling. Strip sowing is also convenient for weeding and fertilizer, strip sowing to the north and south of the ridge is good.

Spot Sowing

Take the pond artificial spot sowing, this way in addition to artificial spot sowing is not easy to control the amount of seed, the number of holes per mu is not easy to grasp, the use of nutrient area is not uniform, but also more labor intensive, to 167 ~ 200 cm compartment, row spacing of 27 ~ 30 cm, nest spacing of 17 ~ 20 cm, 8 ~ 10 seeds in each nest. Seeds, to stay after the emergence of seedlings 5 to 7 plants.

Evenly sown

Compartment width of 150 to 200 cm, compartment ditch depth of 20 cm, 33 cm wide, 3 to 4 kg of full seed per mu.

Spreading

After harvesting in some areas of the wheat, the first plowing followed by the spreading of the seed, because the The spreading of no plant spacing, the density is difficult to control, the field group structure is unreasonable, dense place into a pile, sparse place not see the seedling. Field management is difficult, and the general yield is low.

Fertilization

Buckwheat is a crop that requires more fertilizer, to obtain high yields, must be supplied with adequate fertilizer, according to the study, every 100kg buckwheat kernels produced, the need to absorb pure nitrogen from the soil 4.01 ~ 4.06kg, phosphorus 1.66 ~ 2.22kg, potassium 5.21 ~ 8.18kg. absorption. Proportion of 1:0.41 to 0.45:1.3 to 2.02, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the proportion and amount of soil texture, cultivation conditions, climatic characteristics, but for the arid and barren land and alpine mountainous terrain, increased fertilizer, especially increased nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer is the basis of buckwheat yield.

Fertilizer should be "base fertilizer, seed fertilizer as a supplement, fertilizer as a supplement", "organic-based, inorganic fertilizer as a supplement", the application of dosage should be based on geotechnical basis, yield indicators, fertilizer quality, planting and climate characteristics of the scientific mastery.