Cock's eye [jī yǎn]

It is a limited, cone-shaped keratosis caused by long-term pressure and friction on the skin of the foot. It is commonly known as "meat spur". People who stand and walk for a long time are more likely to occur, and friction and pressure are the main triggers.

English name

clavus

Department of Medicine

Dermatology

Prevalent Groups

Young adults and the elderly

Common Causes

Friction and pressure are the main triggers for corns

Common Symptoms

Yellowish or dark-yellowish color on the bottom of the feet. Inverted cone-shaped keratinous plugs the size of a pinhead to a fava bean embedded, localized pain when walking

Causes

It is more likely to occur in people who stand and walk for a long period of time, and friction and pressure are the main triggers. Tight boots or deformed foot bones can cause the corns of the foot to thicken at the site of friction or pressure and advance inward, becoming conical corns with an inward pointing tip.

Clinical manifestations

The lesions are round or oval limited keratosis, the size of a pinhead to a broad bean, yellowish or dark yellow, the surface is smooth and the skin surface is flat or slightly elevated, the boundary is clear, and there is an inverted conical corneal plug embedded in the dermis in the center. Because the tip of the keratin plug stimulates the nerve endings in the papilla of the dermis, it causes pain when standing or walking. Corns are most commonly found on the third metatarsal head in the middle of the anterior metatarsal, on the tibial margin of the toe, and on the prominent and friction-prone areas of the little toe and the dorsum of the second toe or the interphalangeal area.

Differential diagnosis

This disease is generally not difficult to diagnose according to the characteristics of the damage and the site of occurrence. It should be differentiated as follows.

1. metatarsal warts

Not limited to the plantar pressure area, the surface of the papillary keratosis, dermatoglyphic interruptions often have black hemorrhagic spots, squeeze pain obvious.

2. Callus

See in the metatarsal pressure, unshaped keratinized patches or stripes, the surface is smooth, the edge is not clear, walking or friction does not cause pain.

3. Palmoplantar punctate keratoses

Multiple isolated and conical keratoses on the palmoplantar region, not wedged into the skin, not limited to areas subject to friction.

Treatment

1. Topical corrosive agents

Cock-eye cream external paste or cock-eye ointment external application, can also be used 10% salicylic acid glacial acetic acid, 30% salicylic acid cotton wool and crystal cream. External corrosive agents must protect the surrounding skin, zinc oxide tape can be cut a small hole in the center, the same size as the skin lesion, paste in the skin damage and make the skin lesion exposed, and another thin strip of tape rolled into a rope around the hole into the embankment, and then applying the medicine and then a large piece of tape to cover the package for 3-7 days to change the medicine for 1 time, until the shedding.

2. Physical therapy

Electrocautery, carbon dioxide laser cauterization, contact X-ray irradiation.

3. Surgical excision.

Prevention

To prevent corns from occurring, friction and extrusion should be reduced. Shoes and boots should be soft and fit, shoes can be lined with thick and soft insoles or sponge pads, cut holes in the equivalent of corns (perforated insoles). Toe deformities should be orthopedic, such as foot exophytic bone warts should be surgical treatment.