Diet is the basis of treating diabetes. The purpose of diet control is as follows:

1. control blood sugar.

2. Control your weight.

3. Reduce the insulin burden.

4. Prevent diabetic complications to some extent.

Suggested diet for diabetics:

1. Low-salt and low-fat food.

2. Foods with low cholesterol content.

Low-salt, low-fat and low-cholesterol food intake is beneficial to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Sanyi

Whole grains, such as naked oats flour, buckwheat flour, oatmeal, corn flour and purple yam, are rich in vitamin B, various trace elements and dietary fiber, and low-sugar and low-starch foods or coarse grains and vegetables are the staple foods.

Beans and bean products, bean foods are rich in protein, inorganic salts and vitamins, and soybean oil contains unsaturated fatty acids, which can reduce serum cholesterol and triglycerides.

Bitter gourd, mulberry leaves, onions, mushrooms and grapefruit can all lower blood sugar and are the most ideal foods for diabetics. If it can be eaten for a long time, the effect of lowering blood sugar and preventing complications will be better.

Three is not desirable.

People with diabetes should also be alert to the "three inappropriateness" in their daily diet.

It is not advisable to eat all kinds of sugar, candied fruit, canned fruit, soft drinks, fruit juice, jam, ice cream, sweet biscuits, sweet bread and sugar-free cakes, sugar-free biscuits and sugar-free foods. These foods basically contain a lot of starch, because these foods have high sugar content and are prone to hyperglycemia.

It is not advisable to eat foods with high cholesterol and animal fat, such as animal brain, liver, heart, lung, waist, egg yolk, fat, butter, pig, cattle and sheep oil, etc. These foods are easy to raise blood lipids and easily cause atherosclerosis;

Drinking alcohol is not advisable. Alcohol can make blood sugar fluctuate. When drinking heavily on an empty stomach, severe hypoglycemia can occur, and drunkenness can often cover up the manifestations of hypoglycemia, which is difficult to find and very dangerous.

Dietary principle

The first main principle of diabetic diet is to control diet. Lowering blood sugar is actually eating less or not eating foods that are easy to cause blood sugar to rise. For example, sugary foods, such as candy, soda, cola, candied fruit, honey, sugary drinks and various Chinese and western desserts, should be eaten less; If you like sweets, it is recommended to use saccharin or aspartame as a substitute sugar to flavor. In addition, foods with high starch content should also be restricted, such as sweet potato, potato, taro, corn, water chestnut, sesame seed cake, steamed dumplings and radish cake. Especially all kinds of new year's food, such as zongzi, moon cakes and rice cakes, are especially taboo for diabetics.

The second main principle of diabetes diet is to eat less food that is too sweet, too salty and too oily, and it is best not to eat it. Because obesity is the enemy of diabetes, and diabetics are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases than ordinary people, it is very important to control the intake of oil. In addition, eat less fried, fried, crispy and high-fat foods, such as fat, pigskin, pine nuts, walnuts, peanuts and so on. At the same time, we should control meat food, reduce the intake of animal fat, and use vegetable oil to cook food. In addition, some foods with high cholesterol content, such as animal viscera, egg yolk and seafood, should also be eaten less. As far as cooking is concerned, we should try our best to use light and less oily methods, such as stewing, roasting, marinating, braising in soy sauce, steaming, boiling and cold salad.

dietotherapy

1. Dietotherapy is a treatment that all diabetic patients need to adhere to. Mild cases can achieve good results mainly through diet therapy, and moderate and severe patients must also apply physiotherapy and drug therapy reasonably on the basis of diet therapy. Only by controlling diet, oral hypoglycemic drugs or islets can play a good role. Otherwise, it is difficult to achieve good results in clinic by blindly relying on so-called new drugs and drugs and ignoring diet therapy.

2. The diet plan should be adjusted at any time according to the condition and be flexible. Thin patients can relax appropriately to ensure the total calories. Obese patients must strictly control their diet and focus on a low-calorie fat diet to lose weight. For patients treated with insulin, we should pay attention to adding meals at 9 ~ 10, 3 ~ 4 pm or before going to bed as appropriate to prevent hypoglycemia. When manual labor or activities are long, attention should also be paid to appropriately increasing staple food or dinner.

3. The diet of diabetes should scientifically arrange staple food and non-staple food, and not only attach importance to staple food but despise non-staple food. Although staple food is the main source of blood sugar and should be controlled, some protein and fat in non-staple food can also become blood sugar and become the source of blood sugar. In metabolism, 58% of protein and 10% of fat are converted into glucose. Eating too much of this kind of non-staple food will also make people fat, which is not good for their illness. Therefore, in addition to reasonable control of staple food, non-staple food should also be reasonably matched, otherwise the expected effect will not be achieved.

Matters needing attention

I. Timing, quantification and breaking up the whole into parts

Regular ration refers to dinner. Normal people suggest eating three meals a day regularly, and the amount of food per meal is basically stable. The purpose of doing this is to better match hypoglycemic drugs, so as not to have high and low blood sugar.

Parts refer to snacks. Under the condition of good blood sugar control, we can allow patients to eat fruits to supplement vitamins. But eating is different from normal people. Generally, it is not advisable to eat immediately after meals. You can choose to eat fruit 2 hours after meals. When eating, divide the fruit into several meals, for example, eat an apple 2-4 times instead of eating it all at once. The more times meals are divided, the smaller the impact on blood sugar.

2. Eat or not.

It is recommended that diabetics try to eat' dry'. For example: steamed bread, rice, cakes. Instead of eating noodles, porridge/rice, noodle soup, noodles, etc. The reason is that the thinner the diet, the longer the cooking time, the softer and worse the food, which means that the better the digestion, the faster the sugar rises, so no matter what porridge is not suitable for eating.

3. Eat hard but not soft

In the diet of diabetics, it is also dry, and we suggest' hard' rather than' soft'. For the same reason.

4. Eat green instead of red

There is so much food that many patients are not sure which one I should eat or not. Generally green, mostly plants containing chlorophyll, such as green vegetables. Red has a high sugar content and is not suitable for eating. If you eat cucumbers and tomatoes with the same weight, tomatoes can obviously increase sugar. So in the case of uncertainty,' green' is generally safer. [2]