1. Garden site selection: Zanthoxylum bungeanum plants are small, with shallow root distribution and strong adaptability. They can make full use of barren hills, wasteland, roadsides, fields, in front of and behind houses, etc. Plant prickly ash on vacant land. 2. Planting forms: mainly divided into four types: ridge planting, pure pepper garden, mixed pepper forest and living hedge. 3. Planting density: When a pepper garden is first established, the general row spacing is 2m and the plant spacing is 1.5m. 4. Seedling management: divided into three parts: reasonable pruning, fertilization management, and water management.
1. Planting and management technology of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Good, fertile soil, sufficient water, a certain slope, and leeward and sunny sandy land can be used as a seedling nursery. You can make full use of wasteland, barren mountains, fields, roadsides, front and back of houses and other idle land to plant pepper. After selecting the seedling plot, , it is necessary to plow the ground once, combined with plowing, and use 5,000 kilograms of fully decomposed organic fertilizer per 667 square meters to increase the survival rate of pepper seedlings.
2. Planting forms
Mainly divided into four types: ridge planting, pure pepper garden, mixed pepper forest and growing hedge. Sowing can be carried out in spring or autumn.
3. Planting density
When a pepper garden is first established, the general row spacing is 2m and the plant spacing is 1.5m. After sowing, cover with a layer of 2 cm of fine soil, and then water it steadily to the extent that the soil surface is moist.
4. Seedling management
(1) Reasonable pruning
Pruning of Zanthoxylum bungeanum trees is mainly done in winter and supplemented by summer pruning. Summer pruning is used to adjust the angle of branches by pressing, pulling, falling, etc., thereby increasing the light transmittance inside the crown. Some side branches longer than 50 cm must be topping to promote flowering and fruiting. Winter pruning mainly focuses on thinning out diseased and insect-infested branches, overly dense branches, thin and weak branches, leggy branches and cross branches to improve the internal environment of the crown and prevent the fruiting parts from moving outward.
(2) Fertilization management
Zanthoxylum bungeanum fertilization is mainly divided into base fertilizer and top-dressing fertilizer. Base fertilizer can promote the differentiation of flower buds on the Zanthoxylum bungeanum tree, restore tree vigor, and increase leaf photosynthesis, which will provide good conditions for the next year’s Zanthoxylum bungeanum. To lay the foundation for high yield, the base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer. Usually after clearing the garden in autumn, a 40 cm deep trench will be opened at the drip line of the tree crown, and 0.3 kg of superphosphate, 5-10 kg of organic fertilizer, and For adult trees, apply 1 kilogram of superphosphate and 20-30 kilograms of organic fertilizer into the ditch, and then cover it with soil. Topdressing is often done during the fruit expansion period, and topdressing of 1.0 kilogram of superphosphate and 0.3 grams of urea is recommended for each plant. Topdressing at the appropriate dosage can increase the fruit setting rate, promote ear enlargement, and effectively promote the growth of new shoots.
(3) Water management
The water management of Zanthoxylum bungeanum is mainly divided into four main periods: germination water, freezing water, post-flowering water and pre-autumn water. Germination water is generally irrigated in March, and it is advisable to irrigate with small amounts of water to avoid lowering the ground temperature; frozen water is irrigated once in winter when the peppercorns are dormant, which can meet the plant's demand for water during the dormant period and at the same time alleviate the occurrence of frost damage; water after flowering is Irrigation during the fruit setting period can effectively promote the increase in pepper production and income; watering before autumn after the fruit is picked can promote the tree to store energy.
2. The origin of Zanthoxylum bungeanum
The main producing areas of Zanthoxylum bungeanum are in Shanxi, Hebei, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Sichuan and other regions in my country. It is cultivated in various regions. Wild Zanthoxylum bungeanum is native to the Himalayas, and was later transplanted along rivers to the Sichuan Basin, China's second geographical ladder, for artificial cultivation.