The growing environment of radix aucklandiae is mostly cultivated in alpine mountain areas with fertile land and good drainage and water retention at an altitude of 2700 ~ 3300 meters. I like cold and humid climate conditions and have the habit of being cold-resistant and fat-loving.

Planting technique

1. Land selection and soil preparation: sandy loam with good drainage and water retention performance and deep and fertile soil layer is selected. The requirements for previous crops are not strict, but continuous cropping should be avoided. Ploughing 1 time before 65438+February in Yunnan producing area, with a depth of about 35cm, and ploughing 1 time in February-March of the following year, applying base fertilizer, generally applying 2500-5000kg of decomposed manure every 667m2, and then raking 100-65438. Most of North China is flat. If the original tillage layer is shallow, it is not suitable to plough deeply, so as not to turn over the soil and affect the growth of radix aucklandiae.

2, planting method: usually using seed propagation, spring or autumn with seed direct seeding. In areas with wet soil, sowing is generally carried out around the vernal equinox; In arid areas, sow before the rainy season. Select clean seeds, soak them in warm water at 30℃ for 24 hours, dry them and sow them. If the soil is dry and there is no irrigation condition, do not treat the seeds (soak them in warm water) to avoid losing moisture and germination ability after sowing.

Sow in the early autumn of September, without soaking the seeds, directly furrow the seeds, with a row spacing of 50 cm, and then cover the soil for 3 ~ 5 cm, which is slightly suppressed. The sowing amount per 667 square meters is 0.5 ~ 1 kg. If the soil is wet, cover it thinly.

Aucklandia is afraid of strong light at seedling stage, so it is generally necessary to sow tall crops such as corn at appropriate intervals between ridges in early spring, which can not only shade the sun, but also make full use of the land.

Seed collection: After 2 years, most of the costustoot flowers and fruits, usually in August-September. When the stems and leaves turn from green to brown and the crown hairs are almost scattered, the seeds mature. It is necessary to cut off healthy plants in batches in time, cut off fruit ears, tie them into small bundles, hang them upside down in a ventilated and dry place to loosen the involucre, sow them, remove impurities, dry them, put them in sacks or wooden boxes, and store them in a ventilated and dry place.

Cultivation management

1. Plant spacing: when the height of the seedlings is 3 ~ 5cm, the plant spacing is 4 ~ 6cm. When the seedling height is 6 ~ 9 cm, the seedling should be fixed according to the plant spacing of 15 cm. If hole sowing is adopted, 2 strong seedlings are left in each hole. If the seedlings are short, replant them with soil in time. Generally, about 667 square meters of seedlings are left 12000 plants.

2. Intertillage weeding: 1 year, usually 3-4 times. Seedling growth is slow, so weeding and shallow loosening should be done in time. When the seedlings grow 6-7 true leaves, weeding is carried out for the second time; The third and fourth meetings were held in July and August respectively. In the second year, after the new leaves grow, loosen the soil and weed for 1 time; The second time was held in July. In the third year, the plants grew fast, and the seedlings were deeply hoed after they were unearthed. Weeding will be carried out according to the weed situation in the future.

3. Topdressing and soil improvement: apply nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of growth to promote the vigorous growth of plants. More phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied in the later growth stage, and Israeli Woye water-soluble fertilizer can be used to promote root growth. 1 year, Woye nitrogen fertilizer is mainly combined with part of phosphorus fertilizer; 5 ~ 7 days after seedling establishment and after emergence in spring, combined with intertillage, topdressing 50 ~ 100 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer and farm manure 1000 ~ 1500 kg every 667 square meters, and cultivating the soil after furrowing and fertilization.

In areas with less rain, irrigation should be done in time after topdressing. After two years of growth, the dead branches and leaves were cut off in late autumn, and combined with fertilization and soil cultivation, the seedlings were covered to increase the yield of root tuber.

4. Flower picking: Generally, it will blossom and bear fruit after 2 years. In order to promote the growth of roots, all flower buds without seeds should be picked. In Hebei, Shandong and other places, each plant should choose an early big bud to keep seeds, and all other flower buds should be removed to ensure full seeds and high germination rate, which is also conducive to the growth of roots. In Yunnan, 4-5 old leaves of 2-3-year-old plants were removed by intertillage weeding in July and August.

5, pest control:

(1) Disease: Root rot is a disease caused by a fungus. The overground part of the diseased plant withers, the roots turn black, rot like water stains, and finally die. It usually occurs in early May, and it is more serious in high temperature and rainy plots with poor drainage, which can occur all year round. Prevention and control methods: choose land with low groundwater level and good drainage for planting; Field management should try to avoid mechanical damage to roots; Strict quarantine, no infected seeds, timely removal of diseased plants, soil disinfection with quicklime to prevent transmission. Spraying 50% thiophanate 1000 ~ 1500 times or 50% carbendazim 1000 ~ 1500 times on the roots at onset.

(2) Insect pests:

① Aphids: Adults and nymphs suck sap from stems and leaves. In severe cases, the stems and leaves of diseased plants turn yellow and wither. Prevention and control methods: remove litter in winter, and concentrate on deep burial or incineration. Spray 1000 ~ 2000 times cartap or 1000 ~ 2000 times 40% dimethoate emulsion, 1 time, once every 7 days and several times in succession.

(2) Silkworm moth: larvae bite leaves. Control method: spray 800-fold solution of 90% trichlorfon or 50% phosphoramide emulsion 1500 ~ 2000-fold solution, 1 once every 7 days for several times.

3 short-fronted negative locust: commonly known as "grasshopper". Adults and nymphs bite leaves, causing holes and nicks in the leaves. In severe cases, they eat most of the mesophyll, leaving only veins. Prevention and control methods: Weeds should be eradicated in winter, combined with lime burning soil to accumulate fertilizer, so as to reduce the places where eggs overwinter. If the larvae are in full bloom, they can be killed manually, or sprayed with 800 times of 7.5% skin spring solution, 1 times, once every 5 ~ 7 days, 2 ~ 3 times in a row.

Mining before frost at the beginning of the third year after harvesting and processing. Digging roots, removing fibrous roots of soil, slightly drying, cutting into short sections of 8- 12 cm, longitudinally cutting 2-4 pieces of coarse sections, sun drying or low fire drying, and knocking off the skin in a knocking basket to obtain the product.

It is not advisable to use fire when drying kang, otherwise the oil will volatilize and become "slippery"; Water exposure will cause woody rot, so pay attention to it.