Poisonous almonds and apricot bark detoxified by almonds. Almonds are edible and medicinal, but they are poisonous. Every year when apricots are ripe, people are often poisoned by eating unsterilized almonds. Almond contains amygdalin and emulsifying agent. After eating, amygdalin can be hydrolyzed by enzyme to produce hydrocyanic acid and benzaldehyde. Ordinary 1g almonds can produce 2.5mg hydrocyanic acid, which is a highly toxic substance with a lethal dose of about 0.05g g. Adults eat 50 ~ 60 almonds, and children can die if they eat 7 ~ 10 almonds. The main cause of death is tissue asphyxia. Apricot bark can be used to rescue almond poisoning. It is recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica that apricot bark can relieve almond poisoning. Its usage is: take 2 pieces of apricot bark, peel off the outer skin, leaving only the middle fiber part, add 500ml of water, boil for 20 minutes, filter and take it after warming. Clinical verification showed that symptoms generally improved 2 hours after taking the medicine, consciousness gradually recovered, breathing was stable, vomiting and cyanosis disappeared, and recovered completely 4 hours later.

Bitter almond contains amygdalin. After eating raw, it will release a highly toxic substance hydrocyanic acid, which is 25 ~ 30 times more toxic than sweet almonds. It can quickly destroy the respiratory function of cells and paralyze the central nervous system. 0.4 ~ 1g/kg of raw bitter almond can be poisoned to death.

(1) Judging that there is a history of eating bitter almonds. It is often found that after eating 1 to several hours, the remaining bitter almonds in the pockets or venues of poisoned people often have symptoms such as bitter taste, headache, dizziness, salivation, nausea, vomiting, palpitation, weakness, numbness of limbs, and even shallow breathing, unconsciousness, dilated pupils, blue complexion, closed teeth, decreased blood pressure and cold limbs.

(2) First aid

Lighter: ① Stimulate the throat with chopsticks or tongue depressor as soon as possible to induce vomiting. ② Oral mung bean soup for detoxification.

Severe cases: ① Patients with cardiac arrest should be treated with chest compressions immediately. ② Inhale 0.2ml isoamyl nitrite immediately every 5 ~ 16 minutes. (3) When blood pressure drops, subcutaneous injection of epinephrine is 0.5 ~ 1 mg, and oxygen inhalation and artificial respiration are performed in time when breathing is difficult (see Chapter 3). Intramuscular injection of 0.375g of nikethamide. (4) rushed to the hospital.