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1, Introduction:
Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, a sub-provincial city, a megacity and one of the central cities in the northeast of China, is the transportation, politics, economy, culture and finance center in the northeast, and also the megacity with the largest land jurisdiction area and the third registered population in the cities under the jurisdiction of China Province. It is located in the northeast of China Northeast Plain and the south of Heilongjiang Province, and is an important national manufacturing base. As of 20 15, the total area of Harbin is 5.3 1 10,000 square kilometers, and the area of municipal districts is 10 198 square kilometers. It governs 9 municipal districts and 7 counties, and manages 2 county-level cities with a permanent population of10.665 million.
Harbin is located in the center of Northeast Asia, known as the Pearl of Eurasian Continental Bridge, the first important hub of Eurasian Continental Bridge and air corridor, a famous historical and cultural city in China, a hot tourist city and an international ice and snow cultural city. It is a national strategic positioning of "central city of development and opening up along the border", "central city of Northeast Asia" and "central city of cooperation with Russia".
In 20 15, Harbin achieved a regional GDP of 57510.2 billion yuan, an increase of 7. 1% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry reached 67.26 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2%; The added value of the secondary industry was186.28 billion yuan, an increase of 4.1%; The added value of the tertiary industry reached 32 15.8 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3%. The tertiary industrial structure has been adjusted from11.7: 33.4: 54.9 last year to1.7: 32.4: 55.9.
2. Terrain
Harbin City, Shuangcheng District and Hulan District are flat and low-lying, and the eastern counties (cities) are mountainous and hilly. It is adjacent to Zhangguangcailing branch hill in the southeast, Xiaoxing 'anling mountain area in the north, and Songhua River in the middle. The mountain is not high, the rivers are vertical and horizontal, and the plains are vast. Harbin urban area is mainly distributed on the three terraces formed by Songhua River: the elevation of the first terrace is between132 ~140m, mainly including Daoli District and Daowai District, and the ground is flat; The elevation of the second terrace is145 ~175m, which gradually transits from the first terrace without obvious boundary, mainly including parts of nangang district and Xiangfang District, with large area, long-term running water erosion, slight ups and downs, deep soil layer and fertile soil, which is an important agricultural area in Harbin. The elevation of the third terrace is180 ~ 200 meters, which is mainly distributed in the barren hills, Zuizi and the south of Heping District, and then gradually transits to the rest of Zhangguangcailing to the southeast, which is a hilly area.
3. Climate
Harbin, located in the northernmost part, is a big city with the highest latitude and the lowest temperature in China. The four seasons are distinct, the winter is long and cold, while the summer is short and cool. The temperature in spring and autumn changes rapidly, which is a transitional season with a short time.
Harbin's climate belongs to mid-temperate continental monsoon climate, with long winter and short summer. The annual average precipitation is 569. 1 mm, and the precipitation is mainly concentrated in June-September, with summer accounting for 60% of the annual precipitation. The concentrated snowfall period is from 1/month to the next year1month. The four seasons are distinct, and the average temperature in winter 1 month is about MINUS 19 degrees; The average temperature in July in summer is about 23 degrees.
April-June is spring, which is prone to spring drought and strong wind. The temperature rises rapidly and is changeable, and the temperature can reach 10℃ once. The temperature varies strongly from month to month, generally around 8 ~10℃.