What are the activities of people in the summer vacation?
1, eat summer sheep
"Eating sheep in summer" is a traditional custom in southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu during the summer season. After the summer, just after the third summer and before the autumn harvest, the farmers who have been busy for half a year will eat summer sheep in groups of three or five families and seven or eight families. At this time, the little goat who grew up drinking mountain spring water has eaten grass for several months, which is already tender and fragrant. This custom can be traced back to the period of Yao and Shun, and there is a saying among the local people that "Pengcheng Fu Yang has a bowl of soup, and there is no need for a doctor to prescribe it." Xuzhou people's love for eating summer sheep is nothing more than the local folk song: "Pick up the girl on June 6, new wheat cake mutton soup."
2. Eat new things
There are many folk places where there is the custom of "eating new things" in the summer. Farmers will cook rice with new rice to worship the gods and ancestors of grain and pray for a bumper harvest of grain after autumn. Then people happily taste new wine and so on. In some places, the newly harvested wheat is fried, then ground into flour and eaten with water and sugar. This way of eating, as early as the Han Dynasty, was more common in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Su Gong, a medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, said that fried noodles can "relieve heat, stop diarrhea and strengthen the large intestine".
3. fast
The fasting day of Miao nationality in western Hunan is from the day before the summer heat to the day after the summer heat every year. During this period, chickens, ducks, fish, turtles, crabs and other things were fasted. It is said that eating by mistake will bring disaster, but you can still eat pigs, cattle and mutton.
4, eat noodles
As the saying goes, "the heat is in the dog days", and it will enter the dog days after the slight summer heat. V, which means hiding, so people should go out less to escape the heat. In diet, people will eat cool and refreshing food to spend the hot summer days.
When the wheat harvest is less than one month in China's wheat-producing areas, every family has wheat in Man Cang. However, in the dog days, people are listless and have poor appetite, but jiaozi is a good product in traditional food to satisfy their appetite. Therefore, people use newly ground flour to wrap jiaozi, or eat noodles made of new white flour, and there is a saying that "the head is covered with jiaozi, and the face is covered with rice cakes, and the eggs are spread in the dog days". In Shandong, some places eat raw cucumbers and boiled eggs to cure the bitter summer, and eat eggs in the morning when it is raining, and don't eat other foods. According to textual research, the custom of eating noodles in Furi appeared in the Three Kingdoms period. "Wei's Spring and Autumn Annals" records: "When you lie in the sun, you get a towel to wipe your sweat, and your face looks Jiao Ran." The soup cake here is hot soup noodles.
5, small summer lick cattle
In Linyi, Shandong Province, people have the custom of improving the diet of cattle every summer. Furi cooked wheat kernel soup for cows. It is said that cows are strong and can work without sweating. "Spring bullwhip, licking Niu Han (bull), wheat kernel soup, licking beef rice, licking cattle without sweating, and staying up until June."
6, eat lotus root
In addition, there is a folk custom of eating lotus roots in the summer. During the Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty, lotus root was appointed as a royal tribute. Lotus root is homophonic with "even", so people use eating lotus root to wish a happy marriage. Lotus root, like lotus, comes out of the mud without being stained, so it is also regarded as a symbol of clean and noble personality. Lotus root is rich in carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamins, potassium and dietary fiber. It has the functions of clearing away heat, nourishing blood and relieving annoyance, and is suitable for eating in summer. Fresh lotus root is smashed with small fire, and after slicing, appropriate amount of honey is added, which can be eaten at will, and has the effect of calming the nerves and sleeping, and can cure insomnia due to blood deficiency.
Why do you want to taste new things and eat new things in Xiaoshu?
In the summer, it is fashionable to "taste the new" everywhere. Earlier, wheat in the north and rice in the south were harvested in the summer. With the harvest of new grain, a series of sacrificial ceremonies followed, including offering sacrifices to heaven, land, etc., and even offering sacrifices to the "land father-in-law".
The ancients regarded Hou Ji (the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor, the eldest son of Di Ku) as the "Valley God". People milled the newly cut rice into rice, made it into rice and sacrificed it to the Valley God, and then tasted new rice and drank new wine, which was called "66 blessings". In particular, northerners will steam the freshest flour into steamed bread to eat and give it to their ancestors, and they are also used to making porridge with new rice on this day.
Since the end of the Song Dynasty, there has been a new custom of early rice ripening and sickle eating in the south after the slight summer heat every year. Before people eat their first bite of new rice, they make new rice into dry rice, make new wine, prepare meat and eggs and newly listed bitter gourd, loofah and eggplant, which has a sweet taste of remembering the bitter experience.
According to the literature, the specific ceremony is like this: when the goods are placed in the position of the Great God of Grains to worship, after burning incense and lighting candles, they should say, "Please eat new food from the Great God of Grains! Thanks to the grace of the great god of the grain, the grain is abundant, and I wish the family a smooth and strong body. " After the incense is turned to ashes, the coat paper is burned.
Then, put the dry rice, wine, meat and vegetables on your dining table, read "Please ask the ancestors (seniors) to taste the new", and worship three times with both hands. At noon, please invite the villagers who have harvested rice to eat new food together, exchange production experience and make plans for developing production. Dry rice made from rice grown with your own hands is of course delicious and more intimate.
Health-keeping recipes for Xiao Shu
1, stir-fried mung bean sprouts
Ingredients: 500 grams of fresh mung bean sprouts, a little pepper, vegetable oil, white vinegar, salt and monosodium glutamate.
Practice: Wash the bean sprouts and drain them with water, heat the oil pan, put the pepper into the pan, and cook the fragrance. Stir-fry the bean sprouts for a few times, pour in white vinegar and continue to stir-fry for a few minutes. Add salt and monosodium glutamate when taking off the pan, and serve.
2. Stir-fried lotus root slices
Ingredients: duck face, seasoning.
Practice: select fresh lotus roots in season, clean them and cut them into pieces. Duck face is very easy to be oxidized by air and soaked in cold water, then add some oil to the hot pot, and then add duck tong and other seasonings until the lotus root fades.
3. Braised eel
Ingredients: eel, seasoning.
Practice: Wash the eel and cut it into segments. Then solve the seasonings such as ginger slices and garlic. Then the hot pot burns electricity, and then the eel is put in. Add seasoning, stir-fry the sugar and set the plate.
4, Amomum villosum porridge
Ingredients: 250g of japonica rice and 3g of Amomum villosum.
Practice: clean Amomum villosum and grind it into fine powder; Clean japonica rice and put it in eight aluminum pot. Put aluminum pot on the stove, add appropriate amount of water, boil it with strong fire, add the powder of Amomum villosum, and then boil it.
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