Traditional Festival: Songkran Festival
Life custom: Dai language belongs to the Dai branch of Zhuang Dai language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. There is a custom of uxorilocal. When men and women get married, they splash water on each other to show their blessings. Dance "falling feet" Men and women wear double-breasted or oblique-breasted long-sleeved blouses, trousers and head wraps. Give priority to agriculture.
Dietary culture: The diet and diet structure of the Dai people are determined by their living environment. Due to the heat, the taste is sour, spicy and bitter (cold), and all three can help to stimulate appetite, relieve summer heat, detoxify and sterilize. There are many kinds of food. Except for the products planted in the garden and raised at home, it seems that all the products produced by rivers in Shan Ye can be eaten. It is a joke that "everything that is green is vegetables, and everything that moves is meat". Some strange things, such as ant eggs, cicada pupae, flower spiders, bamboo maggots, sand maggots and moss, have become favorite foods of the Dai people, which has surprised outsiders. The cooking methods of food mainly include roasting, steaming, frying, boiling, salting, chopping and frying, with special emphasis on the preparation of condiments.
two
Ethnic group: Jing nationality
Traditional Festival: Singing Ha Festival
Living custom: Jing people live on the island. In the past, houses were all made of bamboo and wood, with thatch or bamboo poles as walls, or painted with mud or pressed with stones. The house is paved with bamboo strips or wooden strips, covered with straw mats, and the whole family takes off their shoes when they enter the house. The whole family will sit or eat on the straw mats. At present, the houses of Jing people are mostly two or three floors with brick and wood structure, and the indoor facilities are very neat and beautiful. Fruit trees, sisal and cactus are planted around the houses. The Jing family is monogamous, and it is forbidden to intermarry between cousins and within the family. Jing people attach great importance to engagement and marriage, and they are also very particular about manners and customs. They have to go through many links, such as measuring the eight characters, setting the bride price, setting the betrothal gift, "seeing off the day", "crying at the court", "opening up the face", welcoming the relatives, visiting the court and returning to the court.
Food culture: Rice is the staple food, and corn, sweet potato and taro are miscellaneous grains. I like to eat glutinous rice and glutinous rice porridge on holidays. The meat is mostly fish and shrimp.
Third,
Ethnic group: Achang nationality
Traditional Festival: Playing White Elephant
Life custom: The costumes of Achang nationality are simple, simple and beautiful. Men usually wear blue, white or black double-breasted jackets and black trousers with short and wide legs. The young man likes to wrap white baotou, but after marriage, he changes to black baotou. Some middle-aged and elderly people also like to wear felt hats. Young people always leave about 40 cm long spikes hanging behind their heads when they make baotou. When a man goes out to market or attend a holiday party, he likes to carry a "tube handkerchief" (satchel) and an Achang knife on his back, which makes him more handsome and natural. Women's clothes are different in age and marriage. Unmarried girls usually wear a variety of big-breasted or double-breasted tops, black trousers, a waist outside and a black Baotou. Girls in Lianghe area also like to wear tube skirts. Married women usually wear blue-black double-breasted jackets and skirts, and their calves are wrapped in leggings. They like to wrap a high-rise baotou with black cloth, and four or five colorful hydrangeas are hung on the top of baotou, which is quite distinctive. Every time we go out to market, be guests or celebrate festivals, women should dress up carefully. Put on big earrings, flower bracelets, silver collars, and long silver chains on the buttons on the chest and around the waist ... At this time, Achang women are all silvery and graceful. When you walk into Achang mountain village, you will also find that Achang young men and women like to decorate Baotou with flowers. These flowers are not only beautiful, but they also regard them as a sign of integrity and purity of mind.
Food culture: Achang people eat three meals in eclipse and like acidic food. In the past, young men and women had the habit of chewing cigarettes and betel nuts, and their teeth were often dyed black, so there was an old custom that "black teeth are beautiful". Achang people take rice as their staple food, and also often use rice flour to make bait and rice noodles as their staple food. Achang people like to eat taro. It is said that it is essential to kill dogs and eat taro during the harvest in ancient Qingfeng. Meat mainly comes from pigs and cattle. Fish farming in rice fields is the main source of daily eating fish. When eating, fresh fish are fried or fried, and then boiled or steamed with water and sour pepper before serving. The hot and sour valley flower fish (when planting seedlings, put the fry into the field and take the fish after the valley is ripe, which is called valley flower fish) is the most distinctive. Pickled pickles, marinated rot and lobster sauce are essential all the year round, and there are many meals. Wine is a perennial drink of Bai people, and women often drink sweet wine made of glutinous rice, which has a strong bouquet and sweetness; Adults and the elderly drink more liquor. Typical foods mainly include: cold celery, frozen, sour (fire+Pakistan) vegetables, and rice noodles.
Fourth,
Ethnic group: Tujia nationality
Traditional Festival: Catch the New Year
Life custom: Men and women love each other and get married after many songs. Tujia women's marriage customs have the custom of "crying for marriage" before they get married. In order to prepare for crying marriage, girls should learn to cry marriage if they are more sensible. Watch and learn how to cry, and cry when you are very young. When crying for a wedding, you say something in your mouth, which is called "sending a wedding meal." When crying for marriage, the daughters of relatives and friends in the same village should all come to cry with them. Those who cry with them, the sadder they cry, the more beautiful they are, and the more touching they are. Before getting married, girls will be discriminated against and ridiculed if they don't cry. The man must send Baba to the woman's house, and there are many people and a wide range of people attending the crying wedding, and there are special crying wedding songs. The time for crying and marrying before marriage is as short as five or six days and as long as one or two months. The contents of crying include "crying for parents", "crying for brothers and sisters", "crying for matchmakers", "crying for cousins" and so on. Funeral is basically burial. In ancient times, Ba people also had the custom of cremation, hanging coffin burial and boat coffin burial.
Food culture: Tujia people usually eat three meals a day and two meals in their leisure time; Eat four meals in spring and summer when the agriculture is busy and the labor intensity is high. For example, in the transplanting season, it is necessary to add a "premature" meal in the morning, which is mostly snacks such as glutinous rice dumplings or mung bean powder. Tujia people also like to eat oil tea soup. Apart from rice, rice with corn is the most common staple food. Sweet potato has always been regarded as a staple food in many areas. The main feature of Tujia cuisine is sour and spicy, and almost all meals are inseparable from sauerkraut. Bean products are also very common, such as tofu, lobster sauce, bean leaf skin, tofu milk and so on. Tujia people's drinking is essential. Common are sweet wine and Zajiu brewed from glutinous rice and sorghum. Typical food: Tujia people like to eat Baba bacon, oil tea and other foods, as well as mixed dishes; Tuanxiang; Mung bean powder (rice flour); Fried rice cake.