"Laragu" is "mole crickets"

Mole crickets

Mole crickets

Introduction:

Mole crickets, commonly known as plowing dogs, Lara mayflies, pickpockets, earth dog pups (Southwest China), moths ants (Dobizai), the Northeast known as Lara mayflies , Dila mayflies; field puppies Jiangsu and Zhejiang is also known as shear locks boy (pickpocket's Taiwanese). In Sichuan is known as the earth dog child. They are subterranean insects with small to large bodies, among which the short-bellied mayfly Gryllotalpa breviabdominis Ma & Zhang, 2011 has the smallest body size (body length <2 cm), and the single-spined mayfly Gryllotalpa unispina Saussure, 1874 has the largest body size (body length >4 cm); taxonomically, they are part of the Lala mayfly, which is known as the Lala mayfly. Gryllotalpa unispina Saussure, 1874 is the largest (length >4 cm); taxonomically it belongs to the general family of crickets, Grylloidea, and is separate from the family of mole crickets, Gryllotalpidae, which is characterized by a pike-shaped body, specialized digging feet on the forelegs, lack of egg-laying apparatus in females, and a simple external reproductive structure in males, which can be recognized by the veins of the wings (the overlying wings of the males have a sound-producing structure). Gryllotalpidae contains 2 subfamilies, 6 genera and 110 species, and 1 fossilized subfamily with 5 fossilized genera and 5 fossilized species. In China, there are only Gryllotalpa species in the subfamily of Gryllotalpinae, including 11 species (including 2 species in Taiwan, Gryllotalpa dentist Yang 1995 and Gryllotalpa formosana 1995). Gryllotalpa formosana Shiraki 1930)

Morphological features:

Olong-rounded body, light yellowish brown or dark brown, densely covered with short soft hairs. Female body length about 3 cm or more, male slightly smaller. The head is conical fir, pointed anteriorly and obtuse posteriorly, with most of the head covered by the prothoracic plate. Antenn? filiform, up to the posterior margin of the prothorax in length, segment 1 inflated, segment 2 following thinner. Compound eyes, 1 pair, ovate, yellowish-brown; 3 more distinct single eyes posterior to the medial part of the compound eye. Mouthparts well developed, masticatory. Dorsal plate of prothorax hard and inflated, ovate, with 1 sunken longitudinal groove in the center of the dorsum, about 5 mm long. Wings 2 pairs, forewings leathery, shorter, yellowish-brown, only up to the center of the abdomen, slightly triangular; hindwings large, membranous and transparent, yellowish, with reticulate wing veins, curled up and folded like a tail when at rest, beyond the abdomen. Three pairs of feet, forefoot especially developed, basal joints large, rounded, leg joints strong and slightly flat, tibial joints flat and broad and hard, the tip of the sharp flat teeth 4, the upper two teeth are larger, and can be movable, thus forming the digging foot, suitable for digging cave tunnels for use. The hind foot has large leg segments, with 3-4 movable spines on the dorsal inner edge of the tibial segment, the abdomen is fusiform, the dorsal surface is brown, the ventral surface is lighter and yellowish-brown, the dorsal surface of the terminal 2 segments has bristles curved inward on both sides, and 2 caudal bristles are born on the terminal segment, sticking out of the body.

Habitat:

(A) Growth period

Northern areas, 1 generation in 2 years, in the south, 1 generation in 1 year, to adults or worms in the underground overwintering. After the Qingming rising to the surface activities, in the hole can top up a small virtual mound of soil. early May to mid-June is the most active period of mayflies, but also the peak of the first damage, late June to late August, the weather is hot, turned to underground activities, June to July for the egg laying season. September temperatures drop, rising to the surface again, the formation of the second peak of the damage, in mid-October, after, one after another, drilled into the deep soil overwintering The second peak of damage was formed in September when the temperature dropped and rose to the surface again. Gryllotalpa mayfly day and night, to the night 9 ~ 11 when the most vigorous activities, especially in the high temperature, high humidity, hot and sultry night, a large number of activities out of the soil. Early spring or late fall because of the cool climate, only in the topsoil layer activities, not on the ground, in the hot noon often dive to the deep soil layer. Gryllolaptaptidae has phototropism, and has a strong tendency to sweet substances, such as half-cooked grains, fried soybean cake, wheat bran, and organic fertilizers such as horse manure. Adults and larvae are fond of loose, moist loam or sandy loam, 20cm of topsoil with a moisture content of 20% or more is the most suitable, less than 15% when the activity is weakened. When the temperature is 12.5-19.8 ℃, 20cm soil temperature of 15.2-19.9 ℃, the most suitable for mole crickets, when the temperature is too high or too low, it will be submerged into the deep soil.

(2) Breeding period

Gryllolaptaptops are incomplete metamorphosis, and it takes about three years to complete a generation. Adults or larger worms overwinter in soil burrows, and begin their activities in April and May of the following year, and harm the seedlings of corn and other crops. Worms gradually grow into adults and continue to damage corn. Overwintering adults from the middle of June began to lay eggs. hatching in early July, the first hatching, larvae have aggregation, the third age of dispersal of damage to the fall up to 8 ~ 9 age, deep into the soil overwintering. The second spring overwintering insects resume activity to continue to harm, to the fall up to 12 ~ 13 age into the soil overwintering. In the third year, there are activities in the spring. In the summer, the worms develop into adults, and the adults overwinter.