Source: Chinese Herbal Medicine, 2000, Vol. 11, No. 31, Review Author: Xu Zhongneng, Wang Zhaohui, Sun Li, Update: 2005-10-14 View: 38
Keywords: Amprosy, Medicinal Value, Pharmacological Actions
Abstract Summarize the progress of the research on the chemical composition and pharmacological actions of Amprosy, and introduce the examples of clinical applications of Amprosy in recent years for the reference of further research and application. It also introduces the examples of clinical application of Cynanchum sativum in recent years to provide reference for further research and application.
The term "seaweed" in Chinese medicine refers to Sargassum fusiforme (H arv.) Setch. and S. pallidum (Turn.) C. Ag. in the Sargassaceae family, whereas the term "seaweed" in taxonomy refers to a group of seaweeds that includes more than 2,000 species, including S. pallidum (Turn.) C. Ag. and S. pallidum (Turn.) C. Ag. In taxonomy, "seaweed" refers to a group of organisms that includes more than 20,000 species, but some literature describes the pharmacological effects of the traditional Chinese medicine "seaweed" in a way that confuses the two [1]. The perennial macroalgae, Cephalopod, grows along the coasts of China and is also found along the coasts of Japan and Korea. The algae in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" grass part of the seaweed seaweed class recorded in the article of the soft nut dispersal, diuresis, heat and other effects. The author summarizes the chemical composition, pharmacological effect and clinical application of Yangshengcai as follows.
1 chemical composition
The sheep's perilla contains crude protein 7.95%, ash 36.0% [1]. In addition to common fatty acids and amino acids, as a brown algae classification of the characteristic substances, lamb's lettuce contains chlorophyll a, c, β-carotene, fucoxant hin (fucoxanthin), lutein (xanthophylls), brown algae starch (laminaran), mannitol (mannitol), cellulose (ce llulose), alginic acid, and fucoidan (alginic acid). mannitol, cellulose, alginic acid and fucoidan (FCD) [2]. The content of mannitol and fucoidan was higher, accounting for 10.3% and 20.8% respectively.
Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides (SFPS) can also be isolated from the whole algae. Qian Hao et al. isolated three sterol compounds from the ethanol extract of Sargassum fusiforme and identified two of them as fucostet rol and saringosterol [3].
Fan et al. determined the chemical constituents of C. fuciformis collected in March 1989 in Chalang, Guangdong, China. The vitamin (Vit) contents (μg/100 g dry weight) of C. mutabilis were: B1 72, B2 60, B5 300, B6 300, B120.005, E 8.20, D 0.050, K 0.005, and C 6.2. Mineral contents (% of dry weight) were: potassium 0.98, sodium 2.85, calcium 1.39, magnesium 1.08, and selenium 0.10. The trace element contents (% of dry weight) were: potassium 0.98, sodium 2.85, calcium 1.39, magnesium 1.08, and selenium 0.10. Trace element content (% of dry weight) is: copper 98.7 × 10-7, lead 0.12 × 10-7, zinc 130.10 × 10-7, tin 0.27 × 10-7, chromium 3. 29 × 10-7, nickel 8.15 × 10-7, iron 2.55 × 10-7, manganese 1.40 × 10-7 [4].
2 Pharmacological effects
2.1 Water decoction and crude extract: It has the effect of regulating immune function, fighting against botulinum toxin and inhibiting tumor.
Chinese medicine "seaweed" decoction can significantly increase the mouse spleen and thymus index, increase the normal mouse monocyte macrophage (MΦ) to the Congo red contouring function, and at the same time can significantly enhance the sheep erythrocyte-induced delayed hypersensitivity reaction in mice [5]. Sheep rosette decoction concentrate fed to guinea pigs for 30 d, can reduce the content of thyroid microparticle antibody (TMA) and thyroid protein antibody (TGA), and attenuate their killing effect on thyroid cells [1].
Botulinum toxin A is a very toxic neurotoxin, 1.7 LD50 dose to mice for 1 h, 1 mg / kg body weight of the aqueous extract of lamb's lettuce to counteract, 96 h survival rate of 73.3% [6]. E-type botulinum toxin poisoning of mice, with lamb's lettuce 70% alcohol extract with 1 000 mg / kg body weight dose of the treatment, the survival rate of 60%, and untreated control mice all died; lamb's lettuce 70% alcoholic extract with 1 000 mg / kg body weight dose of the survival rate of all mice, and untreated control mice all died. The survival rate was 60% in untreated control mice, while all untreated control mice died. The tumor inhibition rate of the ethanol extract of Fructus amarus was 28.6%-48.8% in S180 sarcoma, and 12%-38.5% in EAC ascites tumor [7].
2.2 SFPS: SFPS has the function of scavenging free radicals in the body, anti-lipid peroxidation, and improving the immune function of erythrocytes.
SFPS prolonged the survival time of leukemia L615 mice by 30.58%, significantly reduced the content of lipid peroxides (LPO) in whole blood and liver and spleen of L615 mice, and increased the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), suggesting that SFPS can scavenge the free radicals and anti-lipid peroxidation in L615 mice [8].
Erythrocyte immunity plays an important role in immunoregulation. Cancer cells have more chances to meet with erythrocytes, and some scholars believe that erythrocyte immunity plays a great role in tumor immunity. The erythrocyte immunity of mice with sarcoma S180A, Ehrlich ascites tumor EAC, and leukemia L 615 is low; however, the erythrocyte immunity of mice with intraperitoneal injection of SFPS at 10-40 mg/(kg*d) was significantly stronger than that of mice in the uninfected group [7]. In addition, SFPS restored the erythrocyte membrane closure and increased the content of sialic acid to restore and promote erythrocyte immunity [9].
2.3 Laminaran sulphate (LAMS): Laminaran starch has a total sugar content of 60.4%, mainly composed of β-1,3-glucopyranose with a molecular weight of about 40,000; LAMS is a sulfonated product of Laminaran starch with a total sugar content of 31.1% and a molecular weight of about 80,000. LAMS is a sulfonated product of fucoidan starch with a total sugar content of 31.1% and a molecular weight of about 80 000 [2, 10].
Fucoidan has the effect of enhancing immune function, lowering fat, anti-radiation and so on. Fucoidan can reduce leukopenia caused by cyclophosphamide and promote erythrocyte agglutination in mice. When injected intraperitoneally into mice at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 7-8 d, the phagocytosis function of abdominal macrophages and the content of hemolysin in serum of mice were significantly increased, and at the same time, serum cholesterol decreased by 27.14%, and it also made the mice irradiated by 60Co γ-radiation at a total dose of 0.206.4 Gy/kg. The total dose of 0.206 4 Gy/kg of 60Co γ-irradiation halved the mortality rate of mice irradiated with γ-irradiation for 30 d [10].
LAMS has the effects of lowering blood lipids, improving immunity, anti-coagulation, anti-tumor, etc. LAMS can significantly reduce the elevation of blood lipids caused by high-fat feed in mice; enhance the function of humoral immunity, promote the transformation of lymphocytes, and fight against the decline of white blood cells caused by cyclophosphamide; significantly prolong the thrombinogen time, and shorten the euglobulin solubility, which is the most important factor of the blood lipid level. (LAMS directly inhibits the proliferation of murine RIF-1 tumor cells in vitro, inhibits the attachment of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and the proliferation of bFGF-dependent cells in vivo, and blocks angiogenesis in tumor tissues [11].
2.4 FCD: FCD was formerly known as Fucoidan, Fucoidan or Fucoidan, and its main components are L-fucose and sulfate [12]. FCD has the effect of increasing the immune function. In vitro, FCD at a concentration of 3.75-240 μg/mL can activate natural killer cells (NK cells); the secretion of interleukin-1 (IL-1)-like active substances in macrophages increased significantly after 48 h of FCD treatment with different concentrations; the addition of FCD at a concentration of 1.5-120 μg/mL to the culture medium of splenocytes can induce the production of interferon gamma, with the addition of 60 μg/mL of FCD to the culture fluid of splenocytes. The production of INF-γ was induced by adding 1.5-120 μg/mL of FCD to the culture fluid of splenocytes, with 60 μg/mL inducing the strongest effect. In vivo, the sensitivity of mouse splenocytes to the proliferation of three mitogens, namely, cutin A (Con A), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was enhanced by subcutaneous injections of FCD at the dose of 0.25-10 mg/kg body weight per day for 9 d. Interferon C (INF-γ) was induced by FCD at the dose of 10 mg/mL, with the strongest inducing effect at 60 μg/mL. At the same time, it was observed that the production of IL-1-like reactive substances by peritoneal macrophages increased in the 10 mg/kg group; FCD 5 mg/(kg*d) before or after immunization of mice with sheep red blood cells promoted the production of antibodies in mice [13].
2.5 Fucoidan derivatives: Fucoidan is mainly a polymer of D-mannuronic acid bound by β-1,4 bonds, and some parts of it are made of alternating mannuronic acid and guluronic acid; its sodium salt is sodium fucoidan, and the main component of commercial fucoidan is sodium fucoidan; polysaccharide sulfate (PSS) is introduced on hydroxyl and carboxyl groups respectively in the molecule of sodium fucoidan. Polysaccharide sulfate (PSS) is a double ester sodium salt formed by introducing sulfonyl and propylene glycol groups on the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of sodium fucoidan molecule respectively; propylene glycol man nurate sulfate (PGMS) is a new type of heparin-like drug developed on the basis of PSS [14].
Fucoidan can be used as a disintegrating agent for tablets, which is superior to starch, and has multiple effects by combining with different ions and groups.
Sodium alginate has the effects of hypoglycemia, hypolipidemic, laxative, tumor inhibition, increasing immune function and anti-radiation. Sodium alginate can lower blood glucose and urinary glucose levels in diabetic patients and reduce cholesterol, triglyceride and β-lipoprotein in patients with hyperlipidemia to different degrees, while the lipid-lowering effect on normolipidemic patients is not significant [15]. Sodium fucoidan has a certain inhibitory effect on tumor S180, can counteract the decline of leukocytes caused by cyclophosphamide, enhance the phagocytosis of peritoneal cells, promote the transformation of lymphocytes and erythrocyte agglutination, and have a protective effect on the damage caused by 60Co γ-rays [1]. When the radioactive strontium is not absorbed by the intestinal wall, the administration of sodium fucoidan can prevent the absorption of radioactive strontium in mice [16].
PSS has obvious anticoagulant, antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, vasodilator and microcirculation improvement effects [14]. In addition, PSS can lower blood glucose, stimulate prostaglandin synthesis, have a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on A and B type protein kinase purified from rat liver, have a preventive effect on passive Heymann nephritis in rats, and have a protective effect on ischemic operation of myocardial infarction in rabbits [1].
PGMS has a significant protective effect on erythrocyte deformability (ED) and cerebral reperfusion injury [17, 18], and reduces nephropathy in diabetic patients by improving microcirculation [19]. In addition, PGMS inhibited the abnormal proliferation of rat crystal epithelial cells and bovine brain microvascular smooth muscle cells cultured in vitro [20, 21].
2.6 Other components: fucosterol has estrogenic effects, and feeding fucosterol to chicks can significantly reduce blood cholesterol [16].
For mineral and vitamin deficiencies, the mineral macronutrients, micronutrients and vitamins in fucus have a corresponding supplemental effect.
3 Clinical application
In addition to being used as a source of active ingredients for many types of medicines, the whole seaweed is generally used in clinical practice to form formulas with other medicines. Formulas of the "seaweed" can be used sheepshead into the drug.
The formula can treat hyperthyroidism, vocal cord nodules, lymph nodes, breast and prostate hyperplasia, gynecomastia, tumors, hypertension, celiac disease, luteal insufficiency, otitis media, and acne, etc. [7].
In addition, according to newer data, there are other therapeutic efficacies of the formula:
3.1 Chronic pharyngitis: 400 patients with chronic pharyngitis were treated with Li-pharyngeal Shuo Guan capsule (composed of Yu Jin, Citrus aurantium, seaweeds, hematite, and safflower) orally for 2 weeks with a total effective rate of 96.3% [22].
3.2 Rheumatoid arthritis: 250 patients were treated orally with 1-2 pills twice a day for 60 d. The total effective rate was 96% [23].
3.3 Pervasive common warts: 68 patients with warts of generalized common warts were treated with soft and solid wart removing soup (astragalus, angelica, safflower, three prongs, seaweed, etc.) for 30 days, with a total effective rate of 88.2% [24].
3.4 AIDS: 13 HIV-infected patients and 3 AIDS patients were given XQ-9302 (rhubarb, cypress, yellow dock, seaweed, kombucha, etc.) 4 times a day, 6 capsules each time, 15 d for a course of treatment. 2-3 courses of treatment, clinical symptoms basically disappeared, the number of CD4 lymphocytes increased, and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels decreased significantly in the 3 AIDS patients [25]. The plasma HIV-1 nucleic acid (HIVRNA) levels of the three AIDS patients decreased significantly [25].
3.5 Pediatric mumps: 37 patients were treated with a self-formulated mumps combination (Banlangen, Daqingye, seaweed, dandelion, forsythia, etc.), and all of them were cured after 4 days [26].
3.6 Tubal obstruction infertility: 62 patients were enucleated with self-developed anti-inflammatory and tubal opening soup (red peony, danshen, sanleng, seaweed, curcuma, etc.) for 1 month, and after 3 courses of treatment, 45 cases were cured, 10 cases were improved, and 7 cases were ineffective [27].
3.7 Gallbladder polyps: 36 outpatients were orally treated with gallbladder news soup (Chai Hu, Scutellaria baicalensis, Bitter ginseng, seaweed, saponaria, etc.) for two months, and after two to three treatments, 29 cases were cured, five cases were effective, and two cases were ineffective [28].
3.8 Hyperlipidemia: 60 patients with primary hyperlipidemia were randomly divided into a treatment group taking Yishou Lipotropic Tablets (Astragalus, Danshen, Seaweed, Zedoary, Lycium barbarum, etc.) and a control group taking Shushuzhi (Simvastatin), the treatment group took Yishou Lipotropic Tablets 3 times a day, 4 tablets each time, and the control group took Shushuzhi, and the patients' blood lipids were measured before and 60 d after taking the medication. The results showed that the total effective rate of Yishou Lipotropic Tablets in the treatment group was 93.3%, and there was no significant difference with the control group [29].
4 Summary
As a primary producer in the marine ecosystem, amniotes is widely distributed and rich in resources, and it is a source of medicine with great potential for development. However, the growth and chemical composition of the algae are closely related to the environment in which they are found, and the differences in the constituents they contain directly affect the efficacy of the medicine, so the changes in the medicinal constituents of Leptosphaeriae in different environments have yet to be studied.
In addition, if the formula is organized by the use of Cephalopods, can its role in the formula and how to replace it with other drugs? In addition to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, the author believes that the active ingredient is the material basis for quantitative study of the efficacy of the drug, if we can evaluate the efficacy of the formula from the pharmacological effect and content of the main active ingredient in the whole drug and the single-flavored drug and the contribution of the single-flavored drug to the formula, it will be a more valuable information, which can be used to provide reference for the quality control and identification of the use of medicines.
An overview of the medicinal value of Ganoderma lucidum
Published: [2005-6-1] ***Read [68]Times
Ganoderma lucidum has been regarded as the "Rui Cao" that supports and strengthens the foundation of the body by the Chinese medicinal scientists of the past generations. There have been a lot of studies on the pharmacological effects of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies and mycelium, and the two-way immunomodulatory effects of Ganoderma lucidum multiflorum are considered to be the material basis of Ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderma spores extract the essence of Ganoderma lucidum, and the types and contents of various active ingredients are higher than those of Ganoderma lucidum substrate and mycelium.
Ganoderma spores are rich in proteins, amino acids, peptides, polysaccharides, terpenoids, alkaloids, vitamins and organic germanium. Folk also traditionally used it to treat a variety of difficult and complicated diseases. Tests conducted by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Embolism Institute have shown that ganoderma lucidum spores do not directly inhibit the generation of free radicals in the tissues, but rather accelerate the generation of free radicals by enhancing the activity of peroxidase, but rather accelerate the elimination of free radicals through the enhancement of the activity of peroxidase, and achieve the effect of messing with the aging process; and can reduce the role of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride in hyperlipidemic animals and the rise of CPK in the lowering of the serum and make the Muscle inflammatory degeneration is reduced; Pro order trial in the treatment of dermatomyositis, scleroderma and other autoimmune-related diseases, the effect is better. Zhang Linghua and other experiments pointed out that Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in vivo can inhibit the delayed allergic reaction of mice and the initial body response to sheep erythrocytes as well as the level of chicken wire cell-induced cyclic body; in vitro it can inhibit the mixed culture reaction of mouse cells stimulated by mitogens. The inhibitory effect of ganoderma lucidum spore powder on cellular and humoral immune functions of the body is the immunological basis for its effective use in the treatment of autoimmune and allergic due and related diseases.
Polysaccharides in ganoderma lucidum spores have the function of two-way regulation of human immunity and anti-tumor and hepatoprotection, etc. Organic germanium can induce human body to produce and activate the activity of NK cells and macrophages, which is involved in immune regulation; various alkaloids have the function of anti-inflammation and analgesia; terpenes and quinone have the function of regulating qi and removing blood stasis as well as resting qi and benefiting the spirit. Ganoderma lucidum spores are rich in essential amino acids, especially isoleucine, which has obvious therapeutic effects on progressive muscular dystrophy and atrophic myasthenia gravis. In addition, ganoderma lucidum spore powder also has the effect of hemostasis, detoxification, antioxidant and so on.
Clinical bed application proves that ganoderma lucidum spore powder has obvious therapeutic effect on tumor, liver cirrhosis, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, neurasthenia, leukemia, thrombocytopenia and so on. Especially for cancer patients to reduce chemotherapy damage, put forward high body immunity has a very good effect. With NIH mice breathing faster or weaker, slow movement or convulsions, mental depression and other abnormal changes, no death was seen in 7 days. Therefore, mice orally administered with Ganoderma spores (), this acute toxicity test showed that Ganoderma spores are harmless to human body, and the clinical application also showed that Ganoderma spores do not have any toxic side effects.
There are many reports on the pharmacological studies of Ganoderma lucidum substrates, and recent studies have shown that polysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum hot-water-extracted substrates showed good tumor suppression effects on LEWIS carcinoma, toe inoculation of colon cancer, and subcutaneous inoculation. The inhibition rates of the toe-inoculated type of LEWIS dirty cancer were 53.54%-59.13%, and 36.43%-42.76% for the subcutaneous inoculated type; the inhibition rates of the toe-inoculated type of colon cancer were 42.47%-49.14%, and 29.43%-32.09% for the subcutaneous inoculated type. The inhibition rates of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides extracted by using hot water, cold alkali, and hot alkali on sarcoma S-180 were 97.9%, 59.6% and 10.9%, and the degree of branching of the polysaccharide was 1/3.1, 1/16.85 and 1/23.0, respectively.The significant tumor-inducing activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides extracted with hot water was related to the very high degree of branching. And ethanol extracted Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides inhibited the subcutaneous tumor growth of EHRLICHs up to 60%. Ganoderma lucidum extract was effective in scavenging and reducing the damage response of free radicals to organismal biomolecules.0.3mg/ml of Ganoderma lucidum extract significantly reduced premature ventricular arrest (PVC) produced by reperfusion of whole heart stoppage in the working heart of isolated rats, but no significant effect was seen on the changes in cardiac function after reperfusion.
Ganoderma lucidum extract showed analgesic activity in test rats. Glycosides isolated from the fruiting bodies inhibited cardinal inhibitory nerves, reduced spontaneous mechanical activity, increased pain threshold, prolonged caffeine-induced death, loosened skeletal muscles, and were more effective in engaging hepatic ring death and hepatitis in rats. Ganoderma lucidum seed extract had significant cardiotonic effects on isolated frog hearts and hearts inhibited by sodium pentobarbital. Intravenous injection of the alkaloids isolated from the extract increased coronary blood flow and decreased coronary resistance in the hearts of cats and dogs, as well as myocardial oxygen consumption, and significantly increased tolerance to hypoxia at both low and normal barometric pressures.
Pharmacological tests also proved that polysaccharides of Ganoderma lucidum seed entities have the functions of lowering blood sugar and blood pressure; triterpenoids can inhibit the release of histamine from murine cells and stimulate liver function; and adenine nucleosides, etc., have the function of inhibiting platelet coagulation.
Ganoderma preparations for chronic bronchial inflammation has a definite curative effect, and has the effect of supporting the positive and solidifying the root, insomnia and neurasthenia has a better curative effect. In the treatment of leukopenia with ganoderma lucidum preparation, the average number of white blood cells was 3917/M2 before taking it, and 5345/m after taking it, which increased 1428/m compared with the control. In addition to the increase of white blood cells, there are some reports that ganoderma lucidum preparation can increase the hemoglobin, the network of red blood cells and platelets, which may be related to the regeneration of red blood cells with the promotion of ganoderma lucidum preparation.
Collaboration between Shanghai Medical University and Wakan Biopharmaceutical Research Institute in Japan has studied the immunopharmacological effects of hot water extracts of Ganoderma lucidum, which proved that Ganoderma lucidum has a certain effect on lymphocyte proliferation and body-forming cells, on phagocytosis and carbon removal by phagocytes, on the activity of NK cells, on the production of interleukin-1 and -2, as well as on the protection of damaged livers and on hematopoietic systems. Ganoderma lucidum can act on the immune system, and it has a significant regulatory effect on immune cells and immune factors, which is related to the state of the body, the level of immune system function, the degree of activation of immune cells, as well as the dosage and course of treatment of the drugs used.
In short, with the deepening of the pharmacological research of Ganoderma lucidum, this traditional medicinal fungus of China will play a positive role in improving people's health.
Ginkgo biloba is the leaf of Ginkgo biloba, also known as white fruit leaf. According to "Food Therapy Materia Medica" records, ginkgo biloba can be used for palpitations and anxiety, lung deficiency and coughing and asthma and other diseases. In the 60s of this century, West Germany began the study of ginkgo biloba. They found that ginkgo biloba flavonoids-based active ingredients, with the protection of capillary permeability, expansion of coronary arteries, restore the elasticity of arterial blood vessels, nutritional brain cells and other organs, and there are arteries, peripheral blood vessels, capillaries, blood and cholesterol to maintain a normal level of the peculiar effect.
With the modern pharmacological research continues to deepen, found in the ginkgo biloba not only contains flavonoids, but also terpene lactones, phenols and other compounds, their excellent pharmacological effects have been gradually recognized.
Clinical observation has proved that Ginkgo biloba has the following effects.
1, reduce the level of cholesterol in human blood, to prevent atherosclerosis. For middle-aged and elderly people slight
activity after physical weakness, rapid heartbeat, chest pain, dizziness, etc. have improved with.
2. It reduces blood pressure by increasing the permeability and elasticity of blood vessels, and has better antihypertensive effect.
3, eliminate the deposition of components on the blood vessel wall, improve blood flow changes, enhance the ability of red blood cells to change
shape, reduce blood viscosity, so that the blood flow is smooth, can prevent and treat cerebral hemorrhage
and cerebral infarction. It is also effective in treating Alzheimer's disease caused by arteriosclerosis.
4, ginkgo biloba preparations and hypoglycemic drugs combined with the treatment of diabetes has a better efficacy, can be used for diabetes
disease of auxiliary medicine.
5, can significantly reduce menstrual abdominal pain and back pain and other symptoms.
6, used in the treatment of bronchial asthma, also has good efficacy.
7, reduce the level of lipid peroxidation, reduce freckles, moisturize the skin, beautiful face.
At present, the market circulation of ginkgo preparations have "tablets, punch, tea, oral liquid and other dosage forms, tablets mostly. Whether it is which God dosage form, should be taken in accordance with the prescribed dose, oversized dose, occasionally loss of appetite, nausea and other gastrointestinal reactions, a very few patients with allergic rashes. Therefore, the treatment process should not be hasty, arbitrarily increase the dose. If there is a drop in blood pressure too fast, angina aggravation and other symptoms, especially cardiac insufficiency aggravation, should promptly reduce the amount or switch to other drugs. British found that service ginkgo and ginseng can improve memory in the past, there have been studies that show that as long as you take a dose of ginkgo, the cognitive ability of people may be improved. Recently, British researchers have found that ginkgo and ginseng have the effect of accelerating human reaction ability, improving memory and concentration, and as long as you take a dose, you can see the effect.
The researchers gave subjects the two herbs and showed that the most effective dose of ginkgo was 360 grams, and only 400 milligrams of ginseng could enhance memory. Studies have also shown that ginkgo can be used to treat Alzheimer's disease. Extracts of these herbs may also have other medical effects, such as helping patients recover from local anesthesia.
Perilla is the first batch of the National Ministry of Health promulgated both food and medicine, one of the sixty plants, has a long history of cultivation in China, the Ming Dynasty pharmacologist Li Shizhen prepared the "Materia Medica Compendium", the Department of Grasses, Volume XIV, there is such a record, "Perilla in the near world of the important medicine, the taste of the pungent, into the gas division; the color purple, into the blood division; nature of the relief, the line of gas, such as blood, hair dispersal of wind and Qi, clearing the upper and lower levels of benefit. Dispersing the wind, clearing the upper and lower levels, treating the upper gas mouth inversion, in addition to the cold and warm, researching the juice of the porridge into the food is fat and white aroma body. The regulation of the middle, benefit the five viscera, treatment of cholera, vomiting and regurgitation, fill the deficiency of consumption, fat key people, facilitate urination and defecation, break the knot, eliminate the five diaphragm, eliminate phlegm to stop eating, moisten the heart and lungs, treatment of turbulent lung qi, treatment of the wind against the gas, diaphragmatic smooth, safe tire, help sleep."
The young leaves of perilla are rich in nutrients, in addition to a variety of vitamins and minerals, but also contains perilla aldehyde menthyl ketone, eugenol, with thujaplicin, perillain, dienophile terpenes, turpentine terpenes, adenoterpenes, arginin, eugenol, perilla alcohol, limonene, linalool, perilla enzyme, levoleuco limonene, sedum alcohol, citral, α-pinene, α-linolenic acid, β-carvacrol hydrocarbons (stilbene) furfural xanthones. .
Modern medical research shows that every 100g perilla stems and leaves contain:
Vitamin A 4800IV Vitamin D 3.1mg Calcium 200mg Vitamin B1 0.12mg Protein 3.8mg Potassium 470mg
Vitamin B2 0.32mg Iron 21.6mg Selenium 110mg
Vitamin C 55mg Phosphorus 65mg Sodium 1mg
In addition, perilla contains a variety of essential unsaturated fatty acids, which are absorbed by the human body, has a variety of effects, such as reducing blood lipids, cholesterol and triglycerides, and has a therapeutic effect on patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Shiso is mainly through the stomach, lungs have health effects. In addition, alpha - linolenic acid on the human brain health effects are immeasurable, people often eat, can improve the human IQ, the chance of suffering from Alzheimer's disease is also greatly reduced.
Often with perilla leaves burned boiling water to wash the face can whiten the facial skin, wash feet can play a role in sleeping.
At present, Japan has developed shiso tea, shiso drinks, shiso soy sauce, shiso whitening cream and other series of products.