In order to solve the long-standing disadvantages of the chieftain's separatist regime, the Ming and Qing dynasties implemented the policy of changing land into water. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, two Xuanwei departments in the southwest rebelled. After the Ming Dynasty sent troops to pacify, it was changed to Guizhou Ministry of Public Affairs, and the court sent Liu officials who could be replaced at any time as officials.

However, the land reform in the Ming Dynasty was very limited, and the toast system was still practiced in most parts of southwest China. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that the land reform was basically completed. 1726, Yong Zhengdi of Qing dynasty adopted the suggestion of E Ertai, the minister, and changed the land to southwest. The Qing government set up prefectures, prefectures, departments and counties in these areas, checked household registration, set up Jiabao, stationed troops, implemented a unified tax system, set up schools and built roads, which made the Qing rule go deep into remote areas.

Returning to the homeland is a major reform in the history of the development of China's political system. It not only strengthened the rule of the central government of the Qing Dynasty over the southwest minority areas, but also changed the backward and isolated state and the situation of separatist disputes. It also promoted the economic and cultural exchanges between ethnic groups and was conducive to the consolidation and development of a unified multi-ethnic country.

Change the management style of ethnic chiefs into the official management style of Han nationality. Tusi is the leader of the original nation, and officials are appointed by the central government. Historical significance of changing soil into streams: During Yongzheng period, changing soil into streams was only implemented in some areas of southwest ethnic minorities, and many places did not change streams.

(According to the draft of the Qing Dynasty, Zhonghua Book Company, 1986 edition, volume 13, annals of 1995, the system of household food, 3482 pages, "Gansu Fanzi natives, instructed the toast to check" can be cited as evidence. ) Even if the flow is changed.

They still retain the remnants of the original toast, and they can still control the aborigines to varying degrees. However, the reform of the chieftain system abolished the chieftain system, reduced the rebellious factors, strengthened the central government's rule over the border areas, and was beneficial to the social and economic development of ethnic minority areas, which was of positive significance to the reunification and economic and cultural development of China's multi-ethnic countries.