I, sowing seedlings:

1, sowing period: in Guangdong, leek flower sowing period is generally November to December, the seedling period of about three months, in the following year in March - April planting, planting the same year can be moss harvest.

2, soak the seeds: each acre of seedling land can be sown 5.5--6 pounds, each pound of seed can be planted about 4 acres of the field. Before sowing the seeds into the 40% formalin 1:100 times the liquid soaked for 4 hours, and then washed with water, cool dry water the next day after the start of sowing (such as cold weather, the seeds should be put into a new towel soaked with hot water at 30 ℃ wrapped in insulation, to wait for its germination, that is, sowing).

3, sowing: choose fertile and soft, strong water retention, good drainage and irrigation of the land for the seedling site, full of basal fertilizer (basal fertilizer can be mu Shi phosphorus powder 100 pounds), fine ground, and then according to the bed width of 1.2 meters, bed height of about 30 cm bed and open a good drainage ditch. In order to sow the seeds evenly, you can use the right amount of fine sand to mix with the seeds before sowing, and then after sowing, that is, mu Shi "Furadan" 16 pounds to prevent underground pests, and then cover the seeds with crushed soil (about 0.2 - 0.3 cm thick), and finally cover the beds with hulls and evenly watered. Note that you can't use herbicides to weed the seedbed after sowing.

In addition, the seedling stage should also be good control of pests, diseases and weeds to ensure that the seedlings thrive. When 50% of the seedling rate (about 7 days after sowing began to emerge one after another), with the "Methomyl" 700 times liquid spray; a week later, and then "Ruifeng mold" 1000 times + "Chlorothalonil "1000 times liquid spraying once; after every 10 days rotation use "Ruifengyi, Chlorothalonil, methotrexate, agro-resistant 120, tolbutazin, Zygomycin" and other fungicides for spraying once. If the seedling appears to be rotten roots, can mu with "potassium high manganate" 1 catty water into 1500 times the liquid drenching.

Two, planting:

1, selecting the land, land: because the leek strong fertilizer tolerance, can continue to tiller, perennial, fleshy roots and new roots distributed in the soil surface (commonly known as jumping root), the requirements of the soil is soft, air enough, enough water, but can not be waterlogged. Therefore, before planting should be selected deep fertile, convenient drainage and irrigation of the field, ploughing sun white, full base fertilizer (can mu Shi 15 - 20 quintals of rotted chicken shit plus 100 pounds of phosphorus fertilizer as base fertilizer), broken soil rake flat according to the width of the bed 1.2 meters beds, open a good ring field deep water ditch and open a deep water ditch in every other bed (deeper than the bed ditch depth of 25 - 30 cm).

2, planting:

① planting period: leek flower planting period in March - April, if conditions allow, appropriate earlier planting in February, the yield will be better.

②Transplantation: when the seedling height grows to 15-20 cm, according to the plant row spacing of 25-30 cm planting (4 rows per bed planting), each hole planting 1-2 seedling or tiller seedling, acres of planting about 3,000, the planting depth of the leaves and leaf tip connection is not buried in the soil for the appropriate, after the planting of the root of the shower full of water.

Three, field management:

1, fertilizer management: in the leek flower production period (5 - October), in order to meet the leek flower continuous picking flower stems on the need for nutrients, should be every week mu Shi imported potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 30 pounds, in addition, in March and June, respectively, a rotted chicken shit, 15 quintals per acre; in the off-season of harvesting can be half-monthly fertilization, each time per acre of Shi Imported potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 30 pounds; in order to meet the leek flower on the need for phosphorus and calcium, each quarter of phosphorus fertilizer once, each time 70 pounds per acre, annually sprinkled lime 1 - 2 times, each time 80 - 100 pounds per acre. Note: After each spreading of fertilizer should be drenched to prevent fertilizer damage.

The moss leek is afraid of waterlogging avoid waterlogging, after the rain to timely drainage, usually drought to drench or irrigation "running water", to keep wet but not waterlogged. Sufficient water, partial nitrogen or lack of potassium, calcium are easy to cause flower stems through the heart.

2, seedling management: due to the hard seed coat, poor water absorption capacity, and the seedling period is in the north windy days, it is important to pay attention to keep the seedling wet, according to the local situation every day in the morning and evening water 1 time. After the seedling can be fertilizer, fertilizer should follow the principle of from light to thick, hard to apply thin fertilizer.

The first fertilizer (about three weeks after sowing) can be mu with Norwegian compound fertilizer 6 pounds of water 1500 jin drenching;

A week after the second fertilizer, mu with Norwegian compound fertilizer 8 pounds of water 1500 jin drenching;

After the next every seven days mu with Norwegian compound fertilizer 8 pounds of water 1500 pounds of drenching urea 2 pounds.

3, soil cultivation: because leeks have the characteristics of jumping roots, therefore, soil cultivation work should not be ignored. Before winter (after the winter bud differentiation) should be combined with the wintering fertilizer (mu Shi imported composite fertilizer 30 pounds) to carry out a large soil to promote growth, so that the plant can accumulate more nutrients for the next year, the normal moss moss required, usually can be planned to carry out the 1 - 2 times of small soil. Cultivation of soil should be carried out on sunny days, with the ground has been weathered topsoil (should not be used in the depth of the soil is not rotted) cultivated in the roots of the plant, cultivation of soil, while the hand to the outwardly open leaf clusters close together while cultivating the head. This measure can not only prevent the collapse, but also improve the field ventilation and light conditions.

4, plowing and weeding, timely thinning between seedlings: during the growth of leeks, the climate is mild and rainy, weeds are prone to occur, must be plowing and weeding, hoeing loose topsoil, improve the soil temperature, in order to support the root of the tree. Often remove yellow leaves, dead leaves, and concentrated outside the field to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, conducive to ventilation and light. However, it is not advisable to cut the seedlings with a knife, otherwise it will affect the future growth of the plant and the accumulation of nutrients, which will have a certain impact on the yield of flower moss. When the plants closed rows, such as the number of trees found to be too much and affect the normal growth of plants, should be timely thinning seedlings, in order not to hinder the normal production, thinning seedlings are generally harvested in the off-season (generally from the planting of the first year and the first half of the second year do not need to thinning seedlings).

Four, pest control

Rust: the first peak in March-May, the second peak in September-November. The occurrence of rust on the field immediately carry out comprehensive control, control agents can be used:

①25% "enemy power off" emulsifiable oil: 33 ml per mu to 120 pounds of water;

②20% "powder rust" emulsifiable oil: half a two per mu to 120 pounds of water;

②20% "powder rust" emulsifiable oil: half a two per mu to 120 pounds of water;

The first peak period of the disease: March-May, the second peak period in September-November. Half two to 120 pounds of water;

③ "enemy rust sodium": 3 two to 120 pounds of water per mu;

④ "Mirex": 4 two to 120 pounds of water per mu;

The above agents can be any one and alternately rotated to prevent the emergence of resistance. Use to prevent the emergence of drug resistance, the use of a sprayer on the leaf surface of the back of the leaves are sprayed evenly, every 5 days spraying, sprayed three times.

Pests: mainly leaf miner and thrips, the peak of leaf miner infestation in April--June and September--November, in the first short moth paths with 18% "insecticidal double" 150 times spray to kill the young larvae, every 5 days, sprayed twice in a row, to inhibit its infestation. At the same time, we should pay attention to the prevention and control of nearby hosts of the spotted fly larvae and eggs, "Lesben" on the control of leaf miner flies is very good, but the price is high, can be used in rotation with other agents. Thrips can choose 10% of the "aphid lice net" wettable powder 2 packages / mu to 80 pounds of water for spraying.

5, timely harvesting of flower stems: general flower stem buds just protruding from the pseudostem after 6-8 days, the length of the flower stem is roughly equal to the length of the leaf blade, the shape of the flower buds bloom in the winter slightly rounded, more pointed in the summer will have to be harvested. The key is to grasp the degree of fibrosis at the base of the flower stem, a gentle bend will break the flower stem is suitable for harvesting.