The Tianjin area belonged to Shanggu County during the Qin Dynasty. During the Western Han Dynasty, the southern part of the Tianjin area belonged to Zhangwu, Dongpingshu and Wen'an counties in Bohai County; the northern part belonged to Quanzhou, Yongnu and Wulin County in Yuyang County. The ruins of Quanzhou City are located in Chengshang Village in present-day Wuqing County, and there are abundant cultural relics within the site, such as ceramic pots, beans, kettles, tiles, and fragments of pots stamped with the name "Quanzhou". In the town of Shuangkou, 11 kilometers to the southeast of the site, pottery pots and bowls with the "Quanzhou" mark were also found. Dongping village said the site is in the village of Jinghai Xijuotai, the site scattered with many artifacts of the Warring States and Western Han dynasties.
Tianjin area bordering the Bohai Sea, has a unique salt production conditions, the Western Han Dynasty in the country public salt officials 38, conditions of the region on the Quanzhou, Zhangwu two, it can be seen that the salt industry here at that time has occupied a certain position. Tianjin is situated on the river and the sea, and has a long history of water transportation. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao broke Yuan Shao after the northern expedition to Wu Heng, out of military transportation needs, since Jian'an eleven years (206), has excavated the Pingru canal, Quanzhou canal and the new river canal three canal, which is the earliest in the history of the Tianjin area of the man-made rivers, but also since then to lay the North China Plain, more than 300 large and small rivers converge to the area of today's Tianjin, along the end of the present Haihe River, then called Paihe, injected into the Bohai Sea regional hydrological situation, but also for this area, the river is the most important waterway. Hydrological situation, but also for the later development of this place into a river and sea transportation throat to prepare the conditions. Bleaching Yuyi in the mouth of the Pai River during the Cao Wei Dynasty (about the area of Jungangcheng in Dongli District today) was undoubtedly the first original estuarine port that appeared soon after the formation of such favorable conditions, and the transfer and storage of military supplies was its primary function. In the fourth year of Daye (608), Emperor Yang, in order to conquer Goryeo in the east, ordered the excavation of Yongji Canal, "opening the canal from Luokou and reaching Zhuozhou County, in order to pass the transportation of watercourses", and the Grand Canal, which connected the north and the south, was formed from then on. The Grand Canal puts the Yellow River, the Huaihe River Yangtze River and the rivers in the North China Plain that enter the sea in the Paiwei River into the water system (i.e. today's river and the sea water system), associates them into the waterway transportation network, then makes the land near the northern end of the Canal, and has the convenience of river and sea shipping in the Paihewei's position to become more important. Jin Yuan period is the early stage of the formation of Tianjin city. During the Yuan Dynasty, the city of Tianjin was settled in the vicinity of the capital city of Beijing, and Zhigu became an important area for the military to settle in.
The name "Tianjin" appeared in the early years of the Yongle period and was given by Zhu Di, meaning the place where the son of heaven crossed the river. Yongle two years (1404), tianjin as the gui fu important place formally set up guards [guards is the military establishment of the ming dynasty), so there is "tianjin guards" of the name. After the addition of tianjin left guard, tianjin right guard. Tianjin three guards directly under the rear military governor's office, *** there are more than 16,000 soldiers and officers (1493-1494) between the Tianjin military defense Liu Fu will be the guard city with a brick parcel, built four gates, respectively, inscribed as "Zhendong", "Dingnan", "Anxi", "Gongbei" city center drum tower, drum tower under the hollow square city, from the beginning of the scale of Tianjin city. Since then, Tianjin has become close to the capital and large grain storage and hoarding.
Tianjin's bazaar and commercial district officially appeared in the Ming Xuande years (1426-1435) distributed in the center of the city and the four gates, near the Hongzhi years 1488-1505, in order to set up five sets of a market, the bazaar has greatly enlivened the market in Tianjin, which has become a distribution center for goods in northern China, and the population has increased greatly compared with the past. Than in the past, a great increase in population. After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the west coast of the Bohai Bay salt farms gradually adopted the sun salt technology, from the Tianjin area salt production increased greatly, and the quality and price. For the Qing dynasty salt production and marketing center transferred to Tianjin to create the conditions. Ming Chongzhen 17 years on March 19, Li Zicheng rate of the righteous army captured Beijing, built the number of Da Shun, the next day, Tianjin also became the jurisdiction of Da Shun. After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs in 1644 AD, with the solid dominance and economic development, Tianjin Wei as the gateway to the capital is increasingly important. In the ninth year of the Yongzheng Dynasty, it was elevated to the Tianjin Prefecture, with the jurisdiction of six counties and one state, including Tianjin, Qingxian, Jinghai, Nampi, Yanshan, Qingyun and Cangzhou. From then on, Tianjin has become the capital of the gui fu. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, with the development of river and sea transportation, a large number of commodities from all over the north and south throughput, so that the unprecedented prosperity of Tianjin's business. 18th century, due to the development of inter-port business, Tianjin appeared in the money changers of the money exchange business, and since then, north and south merchants follow suit. The development of commerce and finance further developed Tianjin into the center of commerce and trade in northern China.
The second opium war, tianjin as a military center of the capital, its role is more prominent. In the three Battles of Dagu Kou, the great powers took Tianjin directly in order to threaten the Qing government and force it to sign an alliance under the city. According to the Sino-British and Sino-French "Beijing Treaty" signed in October 1860, Tianjin was forced to open as a commercial port. With the opening of tianjin, foreign businessmen began to enter tianjin and set up foreign banks, tianjin also by an inward feudal commercial city gradually evolved to north, northeast and even northwest China as the hinterland outward trade center. 1870 court appointed li hongzhang as governor-general of zhili and minister of commerce of the north yangtong, li served more than twenty years in this position to promote the foreign affairs movement, through the founding of tianjin machinery bureau and the creation of modern mining, transportation, postal and telecommunications services, tianjin became the center of China's foreign affairs movement, the foreign affairs movement. Tianjin became the center of China's foreign affairs movement in 1895, after the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, the imperialist powers set off a frenzy to divide China. In North China, Tianjin became the target of competition, and the semi-colonialization of Tianjin deepened through the division of the lease area and the establishment of banks. After the Xinhai Revolution, Tianjin was changed to Tianjin County, and the capital of Zhili Province was set up in Tianjin. on June 28, 1928, Zhili Province was renamed Hebei Province, and the capital of the province was still set up in Tianjin, and Tianjin Special City was set up in Tianjin City and the nearby areas, which was the beginning of Tianjin City. During the Republic of China period, Tianjin's cultural and educational undertakings continued to develop. on October 17, 1919, Zhang Boring founded the university department of Nankai High School, and two years later, it was officially renamed Nankai University.
Tianjin people have the glorious tradition of patriotism, democracy, the 20th century, half a century, the Tianjin people's heroic struggle against aggression, anti-oppression for the history of Tianjin wrote a glorious chapter. 1948 winter of the Chinese People's Liberation Army launched the Battle of Pingjin, January 15, 1949 Tianjin was liberated. The semi-colonial and semi-feudal stage of development of Tianjin city came to an end, and began to enter a new period of socialist modernization.
Tianjin's urban architecture is quite distinctive. There are both carved beams and painted beams, elegant and simple ancient buildings, and there are many novel and chic Western architecture. There are the British antique style, the German Gothic, the French Romanesque, the Russian classical, the Greek Athenian, etc., people usually call these Western buildings "small foreign buildings". In a city, preserving a large number of national style ancient buildings and so many western buildings, which is rare in China and even in the world cities. Therefore, Tianjin is known as the Universal Architecture Exposition.
Tianjin domestic production
Total value of the city's gross domestic product in 2003 to achieve the city's gross domestic product of 238.694 billion yuan, calculated on the basis of comparable prices, an increase of 14.5% over the previous year, the rate of growth accelerated by 2 percentage points compared with the previous year, creating the highest rate of increase since 1996, ranking among the top of the provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in the country.
GDP per capita in 2003, the city's per capita GDP increased from 22,380 yuan in the previous year to 25,874 yuan, according to the exchange rate of that year, equivalent to 3,126 U.S. dollars, an increase of 13.8% over the previous year.
GDP proportion In 2003, the primary industry completed an added value of 8.97 billion yuan, an increase of 6.1%. The secondary industry is the main force driving the rapid growth of the city's economy, completing the added value of 121.234 billion yuan, an increase of 17.8%, accelerated by 3.5 percentage points compared with the previous year, and contributing 62.8% to the city's economic growth. The tertiary industry actively resolved the negative impact of SARS, completing the added value of 108.49 billion yuan, an increase of 11.5%. The proportion of the tertiary industry was 3.7 percent, 50.8 percent and 45.5 percent respectively.
Poverty-stricken Population and Poverty Alleviation Programs In 2001, the number of re-employed people in the city was 20,000, the yearly payment of basic livelihood security was 315 million yuan, and the number of insured people participating in the unemployment insurance was 2.14 million.In 2002, the city will create 80,000 jobs and keep the urban registered unemployed population at about 4 percent.
Fiscal RevenueIn 2003, the jurisdiction's fiscal revenue amounted to 71.83 billion yuan, an increase of 22.8% over the previous year, of which the city's fiscal revenue amounted to 45.174 billion yuan, an increase of 20.2%, an increase of 1.8 percentage points over the previous year.
Industrial output value
and growth rate in 2003, the city's industrial added value of 110.337 billion yuan, an increase of 18.4% over the previous year; completed the total output value of 437.076 billion yuan, an increase of 24.1%, of which more than large-scale industries completed added value of 102.779 billion yuan, an increase of 20.1%; completed the total output value of 404.961 billion yuan, an increase of 26.1%.
Agricultural output value
and growth rate in 2003, the total agricultural output value of 19.350 billion yuan, an increase of 6.2% over the previous year.
Foreign trade situation in 2003, the city's foreign trade import and export value of 29.371 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 28.7% over the previous year. Among them, imports amounted to 14.997 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 33.5%; exports 14.374 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 24%.
Foreign capital utilization
Status of the 2003 annual newly approved 941 three-funded enterprises, an increase of 15.3% over the previous year; the direct use of foreign capital contract amounted to 3.513 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 74.3%; the actual in place 1.633 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 62.9%. The annual newly approved investment of more than 5 million U.S. dollars in 198 large projects, an increase of 60.9%.
Pillar industries automotive machinery and equipment, microelectronics and communications equipment, marine chemicals and petrochemicals, high-quality steel pipe and high-quality steel as the focus of the four pillar industries.