The ordinary controlled microwave oven is mainly composed of magnetron, oven cavity, oven door, waveguide, microwave agitator, timer, power regulator and other main components. The basic structure is shown in the figure below.

The functions of the basic components of the microwave oven are as follows:

1. Furnace cavity, also known as resonant cavity, is where the microwave oven heats and cooks food. It is generally required to have good sealing and leakage-proof performance for microwave energy. When the microwave is introduced into the furnace cavity through the waveguide, if the resonant frequencies of the microwave and the microwave are the same, the phenomenon of * * * vibration will occur in the furnace cavity. Microwave energy is continuously reflected in the space in the furnace cavity to heat and cook food.

2. The oven door, the oven door of the microwave oven is an important part of the oven cavity. Besides the same requirements as the oven cavity, it is also required to ensure that the leakage of microwave energy through the door can not exceed the standard to ensure the safety of use. The microwave leakage of microwave oven mainly depends on the oven door, so some special measures to prevent microwave leakage are generally adopted. For example, there are multiple safety interlock switches on the oven door.

3. Magnetron, which is a vacuum electronic device, has two types: pulse type and continuous wave type. Pulse type is mainly used in radar transmitter. Continuous wave magnetron is the heart of microwave oven. The frequency stability of CW magnetron is not high, but the efficiency is high and the overload capacity is strong.

4. Waveguide, microwave energy generated by magnetron is transmitted to the furnace cavity through the waveguide, and rectangular waveguide is widely used in microwave ovens. One end of the waveguide is connected with the magnetron antenna, and the other end is communicated with the furnace cavity.

5. Microwave agitator, electric field mode agitator. Metal blades with good conductivity driven by special small motors are installed at the outlet of the waveguide and rotate at a low speed of tens of revolutions per minute, and the reflection angle of microwaves is constantly changed to reflect microwaves to various points in the furnace cavity. The distribution of microwave field can also be changed by the rotation of the turntable supporting food without a stirrer.

6. The magnetic leakage transformer is a component that supplies voltage to the magnetron. Because of the high power and voltage of magnetron, in order to reduce the size and weight and production cost, household microwave ovens use magnetic leakage transformers. Magnetic leakage transformer is also called high voltage transformer or voltage stabilizing transformer.

7. Timer. Ordinary microwave ovens use electric timers, which are driven by miniature permanent magnet synchronous motors, and their switches are combined with power control switches. When the set time is up, cut off the working power of the microwave oven. High-grade microwave oven adopts electronic digital display timer.

Extended information:

A microwave oven is a cooking appliance that uses food to absorb microwave energy in a microwave field to heat itself. In the process of use, there are the following safety precautions:

1. Avoid using ordinary plastic containers: first, hot food will deform plastic containers; second, ordinary plastics will release toxic substances, pollute food and endanger human health.

2. avoid using metal utensils: because the utensils such as iron, aluminum, stainless steel and enamel put into the furnace will generate electric sparks and reflect microwaves when heated by the microwave oven, which will not only damage the furnace body but also heat food.

3. Avoid using a closed container: use a wide-mouth container when heating liquid, because the heat generated by food heating in a closed container is not easy to dissipate, which makes the pressure in the container too high and easily leads to explosion accidents.

4. Avoid bottled food with narrow neck: even if the lid is opened, it will expand due to pressure, causing explosion.

5. All containers such as bamboo ware and lacquerware that are not heat-resistant and have concave-convex glass products are not suitable for use in microwave ovens.

6, porcelain dishes can't be inlaid with gold and silver lace. Use special microwave oven utensils to hold food and heat it in the microwave oven.

7. Avoid frying food: high temperature oil will splash and cause fire. In case of accidental fire in the furnace, don't open the door, but turn off the power first, and then open the door to cool down after the fire is extinguished. ?

8. Avoid using the same socket with other electrical appliances. Use a socket with a single power supply and a ground wire.

Baidu encyclopedia-microwave oven