ACIPENSER sinensis is a kind of warm-water fish that adapts to a wide range of water temperatures. Under the condition of artificial culture, the survival water temperature of ACIPENSER sinensis is 0-37℃, the suitable growth water temperature is13-25℃, and the optimal growth water temperature is 20-22℃. The suitable water temperature for spawning of parent sturgeon is17 ~ 24.5℃. The optimum incubation temperature of fish eggs is17-21℃. After winter, when the water temperature drops to 9 ~ 6℃, the Chinese sturgeon eats little, grows stagnant, and even loses weight. Before and after beginning of spring, the water temperature gradually rose to10 ~13℃, and a small amount of food began to be eaten, and the growth was slow. After the Qingming Festival, the water temperature rose above 15℃, and the feeding became active and the growth accelerated. When the water temperature reaches 33 ~ 38℃, the Chinese sturgeon can't move normally.
(2) Oxygen content
Acipenser sinensis has a high demand for dissolved oxygen, which is generally required to be more than 5 mg in water. If the dissolved oxygen in water drops to 4 mg /l, the appetite of Chinese sturgeon will decrease. When the dissolved oxygen continues to drop to 3 mg or below 3 mg/L, the food intake of ACIPENSER sinensis decreases rapidly, or even stops eating, and in severe cases, it causes slow activity, coma and even suffocation. It is worth pointing out that the fat water with a large range of dissolved oxygen should not be used as the water source for cultivating Chinese sturgeon larvae and juveniles.
(3)pH
Acipenser sinensis is suitable for living in weak alkaline water with pH of 7.0 ~ 8.0. When the pH drops, it means that the carbon dioxide in the water increases, the acidity increases and the dissolved oxygen decreases, which is not good for Chinese sturgeon which requires higher dissolved oxygen. When the pH is too high, it will increase the toxic effect of ammonia nitrogen in the water, which is also unfavorable for breeding Chinese sturgeon.
(4) Salinity
Acipenser sinensis is a euryhaline fish, which has a wide range of salinity tolerance. Under natural conditions, it moves between salt water and fresh water, breeds in fresh water and grows in seawater.
(5) light intensity
In the vertical swimming stage, fry have strong phototaxis. After turning to benthos, phototaxis disappears. Generally, the light intensity has no obvious influence on the breeding of young sturgeons, but it is necessary to avoid the sharp rise of water temperature caused by direct sunlight in summer, and shading facilities should be installed above the breeding pool.
(6) Substrate
Larvae and juvenile sturgeon have high requirements on the bottom material, which requires that the bottom of the pond is smooth and pollution-free; Adult sturgeons don't have strict requirements on sediment, just sediment.
(7) Transparency
Transparency reflects the amount of plankton, mud and other suspended substances in water. In the breeding stage of larvae and juveniles, the transparency should be controlled at 40 ~ 60 cm, and the excreta should be removed in time and the daily management should be strengthened. In the feeding stage of adult sturgeon, the transparency can be controlled at about 30 cm to meet its requirements.
(8) Ammonia nitrogen
Ammonia nitrogen is mainly decomposed from organic substances in aquaculture ponds. When Chinese sturgeon lives in water with high ammonia nitrogen for a long time, it will suffer from diseases such as decreased vitality, poor growth, gill rot and even a large number of deaths. For larvae and young sturgeons, ammonia nitrogen should not exceed 0.2 mg/L.
(9) Water flow
The larvae and juveniles of ACIPENSER sinensis have no obvious habit of going upstream, and prefer to concentrate in the mouth of flowing water. For the aquaculture pond with an area of 3 ~10 m2, the appropriate water flow rate is10 ~ 20 liters/min.
(10) velocity
The average velocity of Chinese sturgeon spawning is in the range of 1.0-2.0 m/s, and the flow pattern is very complicated. Generally, they spawn at the bend of the river with deep pools, and the flow field has eddies and large pebbles.