A, what is the chicken claw maple?
Alias chicken claw maple, green maple, etc., maple family maple. The height of 6 to 10 meters. The bark is dark gray, the leaves are papery, the base heart-shaped or nearly heart-shaped, 5 to 9 palmate division, usually 7-lobed, lobes oblong-ovate or lanceolate, the fissure is as deep as 1/2 or 1/3 of the diameter of the leaf blade. the flowers are purple, the corymb is terminal. Samaras purple-red when young, pale brownish yellow at maturity, nutlets globose. Flowering in May, fruiting in September. Weakly sunny, preferring sparse shade, afraid of sun exposure in summer, cold-resistant, able to tolerate drier climatic conditions, preferring warm and humid climates and fertile, moist and well-drained soils. Distributed in Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou and other provinces. North Korea and Japan are also distributed.
Two, cultivation technology
1, soil
Born in the forest edge or sparse forest at an altitude of 200-1200 meters. [1] Prefer sparse shade environment, afraid of sun exposure in summer, cold resistance, can tolerate drier climatic conditions. Mostly born on shady slopes in moist valleys, acid and alkali resistance, intolerance of waterlogging, where the western sun and tide winds to the place, poor growth. Requires moist and humus-rich soil.
2, temperature
Chicken maple is a weakly sunny species, half-shade, in direct sunlight in the summer planted in isolation vulnerable to sunburn; like warm and humid climate and fertile, moist and well-drained soil, cold hardy, acidic, neutral and calcareous soil can be adapted. The growth rate is moderately slow.
Prefer warm climate, suitable for semi-shade environment, requires loose, fertile land. Intolerant of waterlogging, more tolerant of dryness, in the sun exposure and the influence of the tide and wind, the growth of poor.
Light-loving, avoiding western exposure, western exposure will scorch leaves, poor growth. More tolerant of shade, in the shade of tall trees grow well. Resistant to sulfur dioxide and soot.
3, seeding
Generally use seeding and grafting reproduction.
(1) seeding reproduction: October fruit ripe harvested seeds can be sown, or with wet sand layer to the following year in February to March spring sowing. Strip sowing, row spacing 15 ~ 20cm, mu seed amount of 4 ~ 5kg. 1 ~ 2cm thickness of mulch after sowing, watering, covered with straw, after the emergence of seedlings to remove the mulch. Seedlings are afraid of the sun, need to be properly shaded. 1 year-old seedlings can reach a height of 30 ~ 50cm.
(2) grafting reproduction: grafting can be used by grafting and branching and other methods. Rootstock generally used 2 ~ 3 years old chicken claw maple seedlings, ground diameter of 1 ~ 1.5cm, grafting in early March to mid-April before the sap flow. The scion branches cut into long 6 ~ 7cm, the upper end with 2 full buds, with melted paraffin liquid scion quick dip so that its skin dipped in a thin layer of wax, and then into a plastic bag, placed in a moist low-temperature place to stand by, grafting in the rootstock before germination. Generally about 25 to 30 days after the interface can heal, to wipe out the rootstock sprouting in a timely manner, after survival in a timely manner to loosen, and re-tied or cultivated soil to prevent wind folding, and then strengthen the fertilizer management.
Three, the control of pests and diseases
To take prevention as the main focus, spraying oxacillin or allylmorpholine or love seedling emulsion + ninamycin + abamectin + high efficiency chlorpyrifos or chlorpyrifos or chlorpyrifos or acetamiprid + organosilicone 3,000 times liquid, disease-free 15-20 days once, the disease is serious 5-7 days once. Pay attention to alternate medication.
The common insect pests of chicken claw maple are grubs, mole crickets, golden turtles, prickly e, aphids, asphids, heartworms and so on.
The control of grubs, mole crickets and other underground pests grubs, mole crickets and other gnawing on the roots and stems of seedlings, resulting in seedling dieback. You can use 50% phoxim emulsion or 48% lexapro emulsion 1000 times liquid, mixed with fine soil to sprinkle or pour the roots.
The prevention and control of the pests that infest the branches and leaves of the golden tortoise, the prickly e, aphids, red spiders, etc., often eat red maple leaves, resulting in poor growth of seedlings, can be used avermectin, catch fast, oxidized lethargy 800-1000 times the spray. The prevention and control of stem-boring pests such as aspen, heartworm, etc., endangering the branches of chicken maple, causing chicken maple seedlings withered or even the death of the whole branch, can be used to kill pyrethrum, green Kung Fu, etc. 2000-3000 times the liquid spray, or in the mouth of the insect path to the branches and trunk injection of pesticides such as dichlorvos and sealing with sticky mud.
Five,TrimmingPruning
The chicken claw maple tree shape to the middle stem natural type of spherical main. Pruning is based on a beautiful crown, fully reflecting the natural beauty, cultivating a full crown. In the seedlings grow to 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters _ degree, in 1.0 ~ 1.2 meters at the fixed stem. At the same time the lower part of the excess buds are all removed, training for 1 year. Winter dormant season will be the current year's branches to stay 30cm for short cuts to short cuts to control the growth direction of the branches, combined with part of the thinning pruning, cutting out upright branches, cross branches and pests and disease branches. The next spring when the new shoots half lignification stay 30cm plucking, at the same time in May to June and October to November in 2 times to cut off the buds on the rootstock, branch trunks on the over-dense branches for thinning, try to make the crown plump, compact, uniform distribution of branches, no bias crown, the lack of branches phenomenon.