Chinese sturgeon
(mandarin fish, preserved fruit)
The bone plates on the head and back are smooth. The anterior bony plate of dorsal fin is generally 12 ~ 14. The skin between the larval bone plates is smooth and the adults are rough. The skin of the head is covered with a plum blossom-shaped sensory trap. Gill harrow 14 ~ 28.
It is a migratory fish, inhabiting rivers and offshore seabed. Autumn can be traced back to the upper reaches of the river, where the water is fast and the bottom is gravel. The spawning period is from early June 65438+ 10 to early October165438+10, and the eggs are sticky. Generally, mature males weigh more than 80 kg and females weigh more than 240 kg. The parent sturgeon basically stops eating during the breeding period. Young sturgeons mainly eat various benthic organisms, while adult fish eat insect larvae, diatoms and humus.
As a fast-growing large-scale fish, Sichuan fishermen have a proverb that "a thousand kilograms of wax is like ten thousand kilograms", and wax refers to Chinese sturgeon. Fish eggs can be processed into caviar, which is delicious; Swimming bladder and notochord can be used to make fish glue, which is distributed in coastal areas and major rivers south of the west coast of the Korean peninsula, among which the Yangtze River produces more.
Acipenser sinensis is a magical fish, which grows in the Yangtze River and in the sea. It has lived on the earth for nearly1.400 million years. It is one of the oldest vertebrates in existence and can be called "living fossil in water". Chinese sturgeon is huge and powerful. Adult fish can be up to 5 meters long, weigh up to 1000 kg and live up to 100 years, ranking first among 27 sturgeons in the world. It is the largest and longest-lived freshwater fish.
The Chinese sturgeon Garden is located in the middle of Huangbai River in Yiling District, Yichang City. It is named after displaying the Chinese sturgeon, a national first-class protected animal. Park is the first batch of AAA scenic spots in China. The scenic spot covers an area of 20,000 square meters, including sturgeon museum, herbarium, crocodile museum, tropical fish museum, aquarium gallery, exhibition hall and production and breeding workshop to be opened to the outside world. In the park, visitors can see Chinese sturgeons of various specifications and more than ten kinds of sturgeons from all over the world, as well as Chinese alligators, bay crocodiles, mullet, all kinds of tropical fish and famous fish from the Yangtze River.
Acipenser sinensis has its own unique life habits. In other words, ACIPENSER sinensis is a typical migratory fish, which can survive in both salt water and fresh water. The male Chinese sturgeon is over 9 years old, with a body length of1.7m and a weight of over 50kg, while the female Chinese sturgeon is over 14 years old, with a body length of 2.3m and a weight of over120kg, and can give birth after the first sexual maturity. Every summer and autumn, flocks of Chinese sturgeons swim back to the Yangtze River from the shallow water outside the Yangtze River estuary, and after more than 3,000 kilometers of upstream fighting, they return to the "hometown" Jinsha River to lay eggs and breed. After delivery, when the young fish grow to about 15cm, these "vagrants" take their children downstream and live overseas. In this way, they were born in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River for generations and grew up in the sea, forming the habit of living abroad without forgetting their hometown. It is precisely because of this persistent regression and root-seeking habit that people call it "Chinese sturgeon".
Predation and food: prey on insect larvae, mollusks, oligochaetes and fish.
The Chinese sturgeon was called Dalazi and Lazi in ancient times. According to zoological classification, it belongs to fishes, sturgeons, sturgeons and sturgeons. Acipenser sinensis is one of the oldest vertebrates on the earth. The fossils of ancient sturgeon appeared in the Mesozoic platinum period about1.400 million years ago.
Acipenser sinensis is the largest fish in fresh water and has a special physiological structure. It has no thorns all over its body, and its huge body is only supported by a few hard bones. It has a row of beautiful bone plates on its back, two rows of beautiful bone plates on its side and five rows of cartilaginous vertebrae on its abdomen. The Chinese sturgeon is powerful in appearance and huge in size. Adult sturgeon can reach more than four meters in length and weigh nearly a thousand kilograms, ranking first among 27 species of sturgeon in the world. Known as "the king of sturgeon" and "the king of the Yangtze River fish".
Acipenser sinensis is a typical migratory fish in Haihe River with unique living habits. Every summer and autumn, Chinese sturgeons who grew up in the sea will come to the Yangtze River estuary in droves. It takes a whole year, more than 3000 kilometers upstream, to start their wasted and arduous journey of love and marriage. The following autumn, the Chinese sturgeon swam back to his homesick hometown, the fast-flowing Jinsha River, to lay eggs and breed offspring. Acipenser sinensis is listed as a national first-class key protection list by the Wildlife Protection Law. It is the oldest vertebrate on the earth, the descendant of ancient stickleback and the same ancestor of fish. It has a history of1.400 million years and is known as a living fossil. It is the largest and longest-lived freshwater fish. Adult Chinese sturgeon is more than four meters long, weighs more than one thousand kilograms and has a life span of one hundred years, ranking first among the 27 species of sturgeon in the world.
Acipenser sinensis is a large warm-up rare fish that swims back into the river. It mainly lives in the ocean all its life. During spawning migration, it enters the Yangtze River and reaches the upper reaches of the Yangtze River to spawn and breed for thousands of kilometers. Its meat is delicious and has been regarded as a treasure in water since ancient times. Fish roe sauce is one of the three most delicious foods in the world and is known as black gold. "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "Its liver mainly treats sores and scabies, and its meat tonifies deficiency and benefits qi, resulting in bloody stranguria. Its nose meat is used as milk to replenish deficiency and reduce qi, and its seeds are like red beans, which are healthy and kill worms in the abdomen. " Sturgeon and bone marrow have anti-cancer factors and are known as "shark wings and sturgeon bones, which can prolong life." Nourishing yin and strengthening yang. China's royal family regards it as a treasure.
Chinese sturgeon garden is a designated tourist unit in Hubei Province. There are sturgeon museum, herbarium, crocodile museum, aquarium promenade and other places for shopping in the park. The Sturgeon Museum shows the king of ancient fish in the Yangtze River for hundreds of millions of years-the most advantageous Chinese sturgeon, American sturgeon, Russian sturgeon, sturgeon schrenckii and hybrid sturgeon. Crocodile house has a reptile alligator and a large wild animal crocodile bay under national first-class protection; There are also national second-class protected aquatic animals giant salamander and mullet in the park; Exotic and colorful tropical fish inhabit and swim in the aquarium promenade. In addition, the "Three Gorges Fishing Village" allows you to taste the famous and excellent aquatic products of the Yangtze River. After several transformations, the Chinese sturgeon garden has been built into a comprehensive ornamental garden integrating environmental protection, popular science, education and interest.