1, variety selection
There are four-season rice onion, Sichuan shallot, Lucong 1 No.,Chongzhou angular onion and long-term cultivated shallots, etc. The best sowing time is March-May and September 9- 10/October. Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water at 55℃ for about 20 minutes, then rinse them with clear water and dry them.
2. Soil preparation and fertilization
The soil needs to be deeply ploughed and exposed to the sun, and it should be convenient for irrigation and drainage, and the rain should live in the dry fields.
3. Raise seedlings
It is best to use fresh seeds, because their life span is only about 2 years. The planting season of chives is usually from March to April, or from September to1October, and the suitable germination temperature is13 ~ 20c. Sow the seeds on the soil surface, cover the soil with about 1~2 cm, and pour water. When the temperature is suitable, the seedlings will germinate in about 2 weeks, and the seedlings will grow slowly. After germination for about 4~5 weeks, they can be transplanted and planted.
4. Planting
Before planting, seedlings should be screened to eliminate diseased plants, disabled plants and weak plants; After screening, cut off the tip of fibrous roots, leaving 2 ~ 3 cm to promote the development of new roots. Spring onion and autumn onion can be properly planted thinly, and the planting should be shallow, about 3-5cm, and the planting water should be poured in time after planting.
5. Field management
The root distribution of shallot is shallow, and its absorption capacity is weak, so it is not tolerant to thick fertilizer and drought and flood, so it must be watered frequently, and attention should be paid to the drainage of accumulated water after rain. After the seedlings are delayed at a fixed value, it should be combined with watering in time for topdressing.
6, pest control
Pests are mainly controlled by onion maggots, leaf miners and thrips, and diseases are mainly controlled by epidemic disease, downy mildew and gray mold. The principles of prevention first and comprehensive management should be mastered in pest control, agricultural and biological control measures should be adopted, chemical pesticides should be used scientifically, and various control technologies should be coordinated to give full play to comprehensive benefits. In addition, when we increase the application of organic fertilizers, we should water and topdressing in time, and it is best to apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, less nitrogen fertilizers, and raise stubbles.