The size, shape, color, fiber content and stone size of mango fruit are the main basis for distinguishing mango varieties, but there are many varieties and strains of mango, about 1000 mango varieties in the world, and there has never been a complete variety classification system. Due to different varieties, the largest mango weighs several kilograms, and the smallest mango is only two centimeters in diameter. There are different shapes such as round, oval, heart-shaped, kidney-shaped, slender and rich.
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Patterns of leaves, flowers and fruits of mango trees can be seen in Buddhist and Hindu temples in India. Hindus believe that the five petals of mango flower represent the five arrows of Kamadwa, the goddess of love, and mango is used to worship Saraswati. From 1556 to 1605, the mughal emperor Akbar had an orchard planted with100000 mango trees near Delhi. Such a large-scale mango orchard was rare in the world at that time.
It is recognized that the first person who introduced mango into India was Master Xuanzang, a monk in the Tang Dynasty in China, and it was recorded in The Tale of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty that "Amber fruit is a treasure of the world". Later, it was introduced to Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries, and then to Mediterranean countries. It was not until the18th century that it spread to Brazil, the West Indies and Florida, USA, where there were large mango forests.