The blue and white porcelain of Yuan Dynasty has bright colors and far-reaching influence. The unique production technology has changed the development process of porcelain in the whole world. Because the western princes and nobles are crazy about the blue and white porcelain in China, until today, the ceramics produced in West Asia still have a strong Chinese color. In today's art investment market, Yuan blue-and-white porcelain still has a place. ◆ Blue-and-white blue-and-white colored iron spots are generally heavy, and the glazes include blue-and-white glazes, official glazes and typical blue-and-white porcelain glazes. There are two kinds of blue and white colors: thick green and gray light, both of which have iron spots. ◆ No glaze at the bottom Most objects have obvious spiral lines at the bottom, some have knife marks and are stuck with sand. Small porcelain such as bowls often have nipple-shaped protrusions at the center of their feet. Glaze spots or a large area of glaze blocks often stick to the unglazed exposed tire part of the bottom of large porcelain ware. Pale red and yellow glaze layers are common on the inner wall, and there are irregular transparent glaze brush marks. ◆ Multi-ribbed plum bottles, multi-ribbed jade pot spring bottles, multi-ribbed ladle bottles, square flat pots, high-necked jars, etc., which are unique in the Yuan Dynasty. The inner walls of the bottom feet of utensils are often inclined from top to bottom, such as bowls, cans, bottles and plates, which have distinct characteristics of the Yuan Dynasty. The outer wall of the bottom foot of bowls and utensils often has finger marks left by hand when dipped in glaze. Piece-by-piece splicing cans, bottles and other large devices are all made in pieces and spliced, especially the traces of grounding are very obvious. The glaze on the inner wall of cans is uneven, with obvious joint marks, and there are often brown spots and small black defects. ◆ The glaze of the exposed tire is not in the end, and the tire is slightly exposed, which is brownish red. The circle foot is not very neat. If you look closely, it is a little crooked, especially the big pot and plum bottle. ◆ Wet tire joining Gao Zubei's cup body and foot joint adopts the method of tire joining, that is, the two parts of wet tire are joined, instead of glazing the cup body and foot handle separately, they are joined by the viscosity of glaze. Therefore, in Yuan Dynasty, the top of Gao Zubei's foot was unglazed, and there were often nipple-shaped protrusions, and the foot was hollow and not sealed. Appreciation of Yuan blue and white cans: big mouth, short neck, flat belly and flat bottom. The outer body is decorated with blue and white flowers, and the main body is painted with a tangled chrysanthemum pattern. The flower shape is huge, the petals are rolled up, the layers are clear, the blue and white hair color is rich, the deformed lotus petal pattern is decorated near the foot, and the wishful cloud head pattern is painted inside, which is fine and smooth. Appreciation of the Eight-treasure Pot with Blue Flowers, Water Waves and Yunlong in Yuan Dynasty: big mouth, short neck, flat belly and flat bottom. The outer body is decorated with blue and white, the neck and near the bottom are painted with water ripples, the shoulders are painted with eight treasures in the deformed lotus petals, and the theme of the abdomen is Yunlong. Its carcass is thick and elegant in blue and white. Mature blue-and-white porcelain should be Jingdezhen blue-and-white porcelain in Yuan Dynasty. Due to the binary formula of "porcelain stone+kaolin" used in the tire of Yuan blue-and-white porcelain, the Al2O3 content in the tire is increased, the firing temperature is increased, and the deformation rate in the firing process is reduced. Therefore, the carcass of most utensils is thick and full. The fetal color is slightly gray and yellow, and the fetal quality is loose. The bottom glaze is divided into two kinds: blue white and egg white, which has a strong sense of opacification. The green materials used include domestic materials and imported materials: the domestic materials are high manganese and low iron green materials, which are bluish-blue and gray-black; The imported material is low manganese and high iron green material, which is green and rich in color with rust spots. On some utensils, there are also cases where domestic materials and imported materials are used together. There are mainly daily-use ceramics, sacrificial vessels, tomb-killing vessels, etc. Among them, the bamboo Gao Zubei, pedestal vessel and tomb-killing vessel have the most characteristics of the times. Except for the jade pot, the bottom of the spring is full of glaze, and the bottom of other utensils is sandy and unglazed, showing flint red. The most striking feature of the decorative pattern of blue and white porcelain in Yuan Dynasty is that the composition is full and there are many layers without disorder. The brushwork is more common with one stroke, which is smooth and powerful; The outline rendering is thick and calm. The theme ornamentation of blue-and-white porcelain includes figures, animals, plants, poems and so on. The figures are Gao Shitu (four love figure) and historical figures. Animals include dragon and phoenix, unicorn, mandarin duck, swimming fish, etc. Common plants are peony, lotus, orchid, pine, bamboo and plum, ganoderma lucidum, flowers and leaves, melons and fruits, etc. Poetry is rare. The petals of painted peony are mostly left with white edges; Dragon patterns are small head, thin neck, long body, three claws or four claws, ridges on the back, and scales are mostly grid-shaped, vigorous and fierce. The auxiliary decorations are mostly curly grass, lotus petals, ancient coins, seawater, palindromes, clouds and banana leaves. Lotus petals are shaped like "braces", and Taoist treasures are often painted in lotus petals; In ruyi cloud pattern, eight monsters of the sea, lotus flowers with broken branches and flowers with bound branches are often painted, and third-order clouds are painted; The middle stalk of banana leaf is solid (filled with green material); Seawater lines are thick lines combined with thin lines.