In addition to medication, patients with severe or type I diabetes should strictly control their diet. Protein in food accounts for about 15%~20% of the total calories. According to the standard weight of 0.8 ~ 1.2g (average 1.0g) per kilogram for adults, pregnant women, nursing mothers, malnourished people and patients with wasting diseases can increase to about1.5g. The amount of fat can be determined according to body weight, blood lipid level and eating habits, accounting for less than 30%~35% of total calories, and the standard weight per kilogram per day is about 0.6-1.0 g. The rest is sugar, accounting for 50%~65% of the total calories.
If you have hyperlipidemia, your cholesterol intake should be less than 300 mg per day.
Patients who are completely rested have a daily staple food of 200-250g (rice or pasta), light manual workers of 250-300g, moderate manual workers of 300-400g and heavy manual workers of 400-500g.
Heat distribution: there are several methods, one is 1/5, 2/5, 2/5; Second, 1/3, 1/3,1/3; Three, four meal distribution method, 1/7, 2/7, 2/7, if you feel hungry or on the verge of hypoglycemia after taking the medicine, you can eat slightly or reduce the dose according to the condition.
The amount of food can be adjusted according to the specific situation. Obese people gradually lose weight after limiting their food intake, while emaciated patients appropriately increase their food intake according to their weight and other conditions.
When choosing fatty foods, diabetics should try to choose fish, lean meat and poultry. The vegetable oil is soybean oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, corn oil and sunflower oil, and the daily dosage is about 25g.
Protein food basically grasps the following aspects: the protein content of fish, shrimp, chickens and ducks is12% ~ 24%; 3% ~ 4% of milk; In plant foods, the content of dried soybeans is 35%~40%, bean products are 10%~20%, and cereals are 7% ~ 10%. The protein content of vegetables and fruits is very low.
In addition, we advocate eating more natural fiber in diabetes diet, that is to say, eating more coarse grains, miscellaneous beans, seaweed, vegetables (celery, spinach, bean sprouts), fruits and other foods.