Polygonatum sibiricum, also known as tiger ginger and cockscomb ginseng. Rhizomes of Liliaceae herbs Polygonatum sibiricum, Polygonatum yunnanense and Polygonatum multiflorum. Li Shizhen once praised it as a "treasure medicine", which can not only treat many diseases, but also be a health food suitable for men, women and children all the year round. It can strengthen the spleen and moisten the lungs, replenish qi and nourish yin, promote fluid production and quench thirst. It is sweet in taste and warm in nature, and is easily accepted by people with weak constitution. It is suitable for patients with spleen and stomach weakness, physical weakness, mental fatigue, dry lung and cough, thirst and impotence. It is very effective for diabetes. Pharmacological research shows that Polygonatum sibiricum has pharmacological effects of lowering blood pressure, inhibiting hyperglycemia, preventing and treating atherosclerosis and fatty infiltration in liver. According to the data, Polygonatum sibiricum, as the main medicine, combined with other Chinese herbal medicines, has a remarkable effect on treating pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, dry cough and whooping cough. Raw Polygonatum odoratum has hemp taste, although it is not toxic, it will sting people's throats, and it is generally not directly used as medicine. Polygonatum sibiricum written in the prescription refers to the preparation of Polygonatum sibiricum Sweet and flat in nature. Enter lung, spleen and kidney meridians. Function: Nourishing kidney and moistening lung, invigorating spleen and benefiting qi. 1 Used for lung dryness due to yin deficiency, dry cough with little phlegm, and chronic cough due to yin deficiency of lung and kidney. Used for spleen and stomach weakness. It not only supplements spleen yin, but also benefits spleen. 3. Used for dizziness, soreness of waist and knees, early whitening and thirst quenching caused by kidney deficiency and essence deficiency. Usage and dosage: 10~30g a day. Decoct soup, paste, and soak in wine. Diet 1, Polygonatum: Polygonatum 30g, japonica rice 100g. Boil Polygonatum with water to get juice, and put it in japonica rice to cook until porridge is cooked. Add rock sugar to eat in moderation. Originated from "dietary discrimination". This prescription uses Vitex negundo to tonify spleen and lung. For yin deficiency, lung dryness, cough and dry throat, and spleen and stomach weakness. 2. Codonopsis pilosula and Polygonatum sibiricum: Codonopsis pilosula and Polygonatum sibiricum each 30g, Chinese yam 60g, dried tangerine peel 15g, glutinous rice 150g, pig stomach 1. Wash the pork belly; Decocting Radix Codonopsis and Rhizoma Polygonati in water to obtain juice, cutting Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae into fine particles, adding a little salt, ginger and pepper, mixing with glutinous rice, putting into pig's stomach, and tying both ends tightly; Steamed food in a bowl. In this prescription, codonopsis pilosula and Polygonatum sibiricum are used to tonify spleen and qi, yam is used to tonify spleen, and dried tangerine peel is used to regulate qi and strengthen stomach. For spleen and stomach weakness, eating less loose stool, emaciation and fatigue. 3. Jiuzhuan Polygonatum Paste: Polygonatum and Angelica are equally divided. Decoct with water to get concentrated juice, add honey, mix well and boil. Take 1~2 spoonfuls each time. It originated from the prescription of Hutchison Bureau (the original prescription was pill). In the prescription, Polygonatum sibiricum is used to tonify spleen, kidney, essence and blood, and Angelica and Polygonatum sibiricum cooperate to enrich blood. It is used for the elderly with weak body, insufficient essence and blood, premature senility and gray hair. 4. Formula of Polygonatum paste: Huang Jingyi, remove the core, remove the hair, wash, break and steam until cooked, take the juice after cooking, and fry again to remove the upstream water, one barrel, three or two pieces of dried ginger, one or two pieces of cinnamon, and fry over low fire. Seeing that the color was gray and yellow, I withdrew from the fire and waited for it to cool. I won't put the wine in the container, I will take it twice. Often eat twice a day before eating, the old skin will become lighter and the color will be different. My eyebrows must be changed. People who want to take it for a long time don't need to mix wine, they can eat soybean yolk from grains, and they are not hungry and live forever. It originated from Sun Simiao's For a rainy day. Modern scientific determination: the chemical components of Polygonum aviculare rhizome mainly contain nicotinic acid, quinones, starch, sugar and other substances, and the sugar content is as high as 40%. According to the test, every100g of yellow refined powder contains 70.2g of protein, 6.5g of fat, 25. 1 g of starch, aspartic acid, gossypol and digitalis glycoside. The medicinal value of Polygonatum sibiricum has aroused great concern. According to the determination, Polygonatum sibiricum contains at least 17 amino acids, of which 3.66% are essential amino acids, and the contents of lysine, threonine and other human restricted amino acids are also high, indicating that its amino acids have high nutritional functions. At the same time, it also contains many inorganic elements, such as iron 18.8%, zinc 36.7%, copper 9.84% and manganese 18.8%. Among them, iron participates in the synthesis of hemoglobin. Huangjing also contains vitamin C and vitamin B, which are higher than ordinary traditional fruits. Other components such as water content 79.36%, crude ash 4. 1%, crude fiber 3.39%, soluble protein 0.52%, starch 0.2%, water-soluble polysaccharide 1.87%, reducing sugar 8.88%, and non-reducing sugar 58.58809.50000000066 Clinical application: 1. Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: evaporate Radix Astragali, clean, chop, add 5 times of water, decoct with slow fire for 24 hours, filter off residues, decoct the filtrate with slow fire, stir constantly, cool and bottle for later use. Generally, 5 kg of Polygonatum sibiricum can make Polygonatum sibiricum extract 1 kg, and each ml is equivalent to 5 g of Polygonatum sibiricum. Dosage: 10ml four times a day. Clinical observation 19 cases were all infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, including 9 cases in infiltrative stage, 2 cases in infiltrative dissolution stage,/kloc-0 cases in disseminated dissolution stage and improved absorption stage, and 6 cases in quiescent stage. Bilateral lesions 1 1 case, cavity in 6 cases. After oral administration of Polygonatum sibiricum extract alone for 2 months, the lesions were completely absorbed in 4 cases, improved in 12 cases and unchanged in 3 cases. 6 cases were hollow, 2 cases were closed, and 4 cases were reduced to varying degrees. Most sputum-collecting bacteria turned negative; Most ESR cases returned to normal. Weight and clinical symptoms have also improved. 2. Treatment of tinea: take Polygonatum odoratum, mash it, soak it in 95% alcohol for 65,438+0-2 days, evaporate most of the alcohol, concentrate, add 3 times of water, precipitate, take its filtrate, evaporate the remaining alcohol, and concentrate it into thin paste to become Polygonatum odoratum crude liquid. When in use, it is directly applied to the affected part twice a day. Generally, it has a certain curative effect on tinea pedis and ascaris lumbricoides, especially on vesicular and erosive tinea pedis. The poor curative effect of keratinized tinea pedis may be due to the fact that mold is in the thick stratum corneum of keratinized tinea pedis, but Polygonatum sibiricum has no ability to peel off or penetrate the stratum corneum. The crude extract of Polygonatum sibiricum has no pain and no adverse reaction. The disadvantage is that it is easy to pollute clothes. 3. Old people are weak due to cold and heat, lack of diet, weakness of muscles and bones, and weakness of waist and knees. 4. Lung deficiency, dry cough and tuberculosis. 5. Polygonatum odoratum is sweet and flat. Enter spleen, lung and kidney meridians. It is often combined with Ganmai Jujube Decoction and Radix Paeoniae Alba to soften the liver and nourish the heart, and treat ADHD and neurosis in children. Radix Astragali, Concha Ostreae, Rhizoma Coptidis, etc. , can benefit qi and nourish yin, purging fire and clearing heat, and treat hyperthyroidism. Cooperate with hawthorn, medlar, Ligustrum lucidum and salvia miltiorrhiza to treat metabolic neutralization. Prevent and treat arteriosclerosis and delay aging. 5. Coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, chronic hepatitis, leukopenia and low immunity. Medicinal value: 1. Antibacterial effect: In vitro experiments show that the extract of Polygonatum sibiricum (1: 320) has inhibitory effect on typhoid Bacillus, Staphylococcus aureus and acid-fast Bacillus, and 2% Polygonatum sibiricum has inhibitory effect on common pathogenic fungi in sabouraud medium to varying degrees. 2. Effect on blood sugar: The blood sugar content of Polygonatum sibiricum extract in rabbits increased at first and then decreased. Polygonatum sibiricum extract has a significant inhibitory effect on adrenaline-induced hyperglycemia. 3. Anti-fatigue effect: intraperitoneal injection of Polygonatum sibiricum 17.67% 0.3ml/ mouse can prolong the swimming time of mice. 4. Antioxidant effect: 20% concentration of Huangjing decoction, 65,438+0.3 ml/drink for 27 days, can improve the activity of superoxide dismutase in liver and reduce the content of lipofuscin in myocardium. 5. Anti-aging effect: 20% mulberry leaves soaked in Polygonatum decoction can prolong the larval stage of silkworm. 6. Hemostasis: 40mg/ of Polygonatum sibiricum methanol extract, 20 mg of n-butanol and 20 mg of water layer were injected intraperitoneally, and the tail of mice was frozen with dry ice-methanol for 65438 0 minutes. The experiment of tail-cutting method shows that it has hemostatic effect and reduces the bleeding amount of mice. 7. Effect on cardiovascular system: Intravenous injection of water extract of Semen Astragali (0. 1.6-0.26 g/kg) significantly increased the coronary flow of anesthetized dogs; Intravenous injection 1.5g/kg can antagonize myocardial ischemia caused by pituitrin in rabbits, antagonize the increase of T wave caused by pituitrin, and promote the early recovery of abnormal T wave. Intraperitoneal injection of 12g/kg can enhance the tolerance of mice to hypoxia. 8. Antiviral effect: Polygonatum polysaccharide 0.2% eye drops, 6 times a day, or Polygonatum polysaccharide 10mg/kg, twice a day, has therapeutic effect on experimental herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits. 9. Other effects: Polygonatum sibiricum decoction 6g/kg 10 day can improve the activities of na+ and K+-ATPase in erythrocyte membrane of mice. Intraperitoneal injection of 40% ethanol extract of Polygonatum sibiricum (0.3ml/ mouse) can increase the incorporation rate of 3h-tdr in myocardial, liver and spleen cells of mice. Polygonatum sibiricum decoction (0.5g/ g) decreased the contents of camp and cgmp in plasma of mice, but cgmp decreased more, so the ratio of camp to cgmp was higher than that of the control group, and the contents of camp and CGMP in spleen increased, but the ratio of camp to CGMP did not change significantly. Drugs are prohibited for cold diarrhea, and those with phlegm-dampness and qi stagnation are prohibited.