1, dietary taboos of diabetic patients
First, people with diabetes should not eat more salt.
People with diabetes, like others, should avoid eating too much salt, which will accelerate cardiovascular diseases (about 70% of the deaths of diabetics), especially hypertension. Modern medical research has proved that excessive salt can enhance amylase activity, promote starch digestion, and promote small intestine to absorb free glucose, which can lead to an increase in blood sugar concentration and aggravate the disease. Therefore, for diabetic patients, especially those with hypertension and diabetic nephropathy, salt intake should be strictly restricted.
2. Foods forbidden to eat include: white sugar, red pond, glucose and sugary sweets, such as candy, cakes, jam, candied fruit, ice cream and sweet drinks. In addition, there are potatoes, yams, taro, lotus roots, garlic sprouts, carrots and so on. , containing more carbohydrates, using less after eating or reducing the corresponding staple food.
Third, the diet should be light.
Excessive diet is extremely unfavorable to the condition of diabetic patients. Too sour things will make the liver qi strong and the temper weak; Too salty things can make people feel tired and depressed; Too sweet things are the last thing diabetics eat; Too bitter things can cause indigestion and bloating; Too spicy food will dilate blood vessels and disturb the mood. Therefore, the diet should not be partial eclipse, so as to make the body healthy and keep the body of diabetics in a normal state of health.
Fourth, the choice of edible oil.
Vegetable oil is an ideal choice. Such as corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil and soybean oil. These good quality vegetable oils are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. These fatty acids can help the normal operation of cholesterol, avoid the deposition of cholesterol, and play a positive role in preventing diabetes. However, vegetable oil can not be eaten in large quantities, and eating too much vegetable oil will lead to obesity and other problems.
5. Don't eat foods that are easy to raise blood lipids.
Elevated blood lipids, like elevated blood sugar, are very unfavorable to diabetes. It is an important cause of other diabetic complications. Therefore, diabetic patients should not eat foods that are easy to raise blood lipids. Common foods that are easy to raise blood lipids are lard, butter, sheep oil, butter, cream, fat meat and foods rich in cholesterol. These foods that are easy to raise blood lipids will lead to obesity, elevated blood lipids, arteriosclerosis and so on. If you eat too much, it is also prone to ketoacidosis; In addition, it will increase the burden on the kidneys and lead to diabetic nephropathy.
Six, abstinence from alcohol
Generally speaking, when relatives and friends get together on holidays, they can drink a little wine. However, if you drink alcohol regularly, it will increase the burden on the unhealthy liver, which will lead to the toxic substances in the wine not being transformed normally and accumulating in the body, which will destroy the health of diabetic patients. The harm of excessive drinking to diabetic patients mainly includes: hyperlipidemia and metabolic disorder are easy to occur; Stimulate the pancreas and affect the composition of its secretion; Causing the condition to deteriorate.
Seven, diabetic patients have strict taboos in diet. Generally, there are the following kinds of taboo foods: high-fat foods and high-cholesterol foods. Diabetes patients are prone to hyperlipidemia, which is the basis of many chronic complications, so the intake of cholesterol must be strictly restricted. Foods with high cholesterol include animal oil, butter, cream, fat, animal viscera and brain marrow, egg yolk, preserved eggs and so on.
2. What are the foods that lower blood sugar?
(1) pumpkin
Pumpkin contains a lot of pectin, which absorbs water in the intestine and forms a gelatinous substance, which can delay the absorption of sugar in the intestine and reduce postprandial blood sugar. Among them, trace element cobalt can promote human metabolism, enhance human hematopoietic function, promote insulin secretion and lower blood sugar.
Precautions: Don't eat too much pumpkin at a time, because pumpkin itself contains sugar. If it is not controlled, too many total calories will lead to an increase in blood sugar. In addition, pumpkin is warm and not suitable for digestion. People with poor gastrointestinal function and qi stagnation and chest tightness should not eat pumpkin and mutton at the same time.
(2) Bitter gourd
Momordica charantia L. is known as "plant insulin", and its saponins not only have similar effects to insulin, but also stimulate the release of insulin, which has a very obvious hypoglycemic effect.
Note: Bitter gourd is cold, diabetic stomach is cold, and people with gastrointestinal diseases should not eat it.
(3) Lettuce
Lettuce is rich in niacin, which is an insulin activator. Regular consumption helps to prevent diabetes.
Precautions for eating: Lettuce is slightly cold, diabetic stomach is cold, and people with gastrointestinal diseases should not eat it.
(4) Onions
Onion contains S- methyl cysteine sulfoxide and sulfonylurea butyric acid, which can reduce blood sugar. Prostaglandin A can increase renal blood flow and urine volume and promote potassium and sodium excretion, which is of great help to prevent diabetes complicated with nephropathy.
Note: Onion volatile substances will strongly irritate the eyes and are not suitable for diabetic patients with eye diseases.
(5) Mushrooms
Mushrooms have obvious effects of calming the nerves, lowering blood pressure, resisting fatigue, enhancing immunity and lowering blood sugar, and are especially suitable for wasting diabetic patients.
Precautions for eating: Mushrooms are high purine foods, which are not suitable for patients with diabetes and gout.
(6) Konjac
Active substances such as glucomannan contained in konjac have hypoglycemic effect.
Precautions for eating: diabetic diarrhea patients should not eat. Raw konjac is poisonous and must be cooked for more than 3 hours before eating, and the consumption at one time should not exceed 80 grams.
(7) Water spinach
Water spinach contains insulin-like components, which have obvious hypoglycemic effect when eaten frequently.
Precautions for eating: water spinach is cold, and people with diabetic constitution deficiency and cold should not eat more.