Chrysanthemum morifolium is the dried flower head of chrysanthemum morifolium, a perennial herb of Compositae. Cultivation.
Character identification: Head-shaped flower, lateral petal (tongue-shaped flower) is flat and single, with yellow disc-shaped flower center in the middle (most tubular flowers are polymerized) and green pedicel at the base, which is composed of 3-4 leaflike (total bracts), with fragrant smell and slightly bitter taste. Due to the different origin and processing methods (different actual varieties), the products vary slightly from place to place.
Answer: Chrysanthemum: The flower is big and strong, with long and dense petals, and the length is 1 ~ 2 cm. The corolla is smooth, equal to the pedicle thickness, and the color is white. B: Chrysanthemum morifolium: Its shape is similar to that of Chrysanthemum morifolium, except that the flowers are smaller, shriveled, spherical and looser. C: Gongju: The flowers are small, the petals are dense and short, the color is white, the pedicel is green and bright, and the flower heart is golden yellow. D: Chrysanthemum morifolium: pressed and steamed, with wide and sparse petals, white and yellowish color, large flower heart and deep yellow. Steamed Huang Ju is similar to it, but the petals are yellow. E: Chrysanthemum morifolium Chrysanthemi: The flowers are large and long, about 65,438+0 ~ 2 cm, mostly yellow and white, with reddish or brownish red petals. The flower heart is small, light brown, loose and soft. Little Huang Ju (roasted Huang Ju): a small flower head or unopened bud in Huang Juhua. G: White chrysanthemums: all white, with complete flowers and rich fragrance, with sessile leaves as the best, and yellow as the best in Huang Juhua.
Main ingredients: it contains essential oils such as adenine (C 5 H 5 N 5), stachydrine (C 7 H 3 NO 2) and choline. Efficacy: dispel wind and clear heat, detoxify and improve eyesight. Principle: anti-inflammatory, diuretic. Antibacterial effect: the flower of Pleurotus nebrodensis has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus hemolyticus B, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella typhi, etc. In addition, Chrysanthemum morifolium has inhibitory effect on dermatophytes such as Trichophyton pigmentosum in different degrees in vitro. Taste: sweet, bitter, slightly cold. Meridian tropism: lung and liver meridian tropism. Indications: wind-heat, dizziness, headache and red face.
All of the above chrysanthemums have the functions of clearing away heat, detoxifying, diminishing inflammation and improving eyesight to varying degrees. , but each has its own advantages. Chrysanthemum morifolium has a good effect of nourishing the liver and improving eyesight, and is often used for eye blur caused by kidney yin deficiency. Chrysanthemum is a kind of white chrysanthemum, which has the same effect. It has excellent quality and good analgesic and sedative effects. Chrysanthemum morifolium (Huang Juhua) has a good effect of expelling wind and heat, and is often used for exogenous wind and heat, headache and red eyes.
Clinical application: (1) treating exogenous wind-heat Hanging chrysanthemums with mulberry leaves and mint; (2) It is used to treat wind-heat eye pain. Hanging chrysanthemums with tribulus terrestris and equisetum, decocting in water, or steaming eyes; (3) For headache caused by hyperactivity of liver yang. Stevia with Prunella vulgaris and Uncaria rhynchophylla; (4) Used for dizziness caused by liver and kidney deficiency. Stevia with Lycium barbarum, such as Qiju Dihuang Pill. Dosage: 3 ~ 18g.
2 Chrysanthemum indicum
Chrysanthemum indicum is a kind of compositae herb that has been growing for many years. The dried flower head of Indian chrysanthemum. Character identification: the head is slightly spherical, much smaller than Chrysanthemum morifolium, with a diameter of about 5 ~ 8 mm. There are many tubular flowers in the yellow center, with glandular buds, weak breath and bitter taste. Main ingredients: contains chrysanthemum indicum flavone glycoside (C 28 H 32 O 14), chrysanthemum indicum lactone (C 15 H 18 O 4) and a small amount of pyrethrins A and B volatile oils. Pharmacological effects: clearing away heat and toxic materials, lowering blood pressure. Principle: Antibacterial: It can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and diphtheria. Hypotension: Animal experiments have proved that it has obvious hypotensive effect, and its principle is to resist adrenaline, dilate peripheral blood vessels and inhibit vascular motor center.
Sexual taste: bitter and pungent. Meridian tropism: entering the lung, liver and kidney meridians. Indications: swollen carbuncle, furuncle and malignant sore, which can be taken orally and washed externally.
Clinical application: (1) used to treat furuncle. Use Flos Chrysanthemi Indici alone or in combination with Flos Lonicerae and Herba Taraxaci, such as Flos Chrysanthemi Indici Decoction; (2) For the treatment of hypertension, it can be combined with Semen Cassiae and Prunellae Spica, such as Juming Jiangya Pill, which can clear the liver and detoxify and lower blood pressure. The dosage is 9 ~ 18g.