1. Planting bergamot in the field:
Cutting, grafting and high-pressure propagation of bergamot can be used. The cutting time is from late June to mid-July. Branches are cut from strong mother plants as cuttings, which can take root in about one month, germinate in two months, and then can be planted. You can also use long branch cutting, take 3 ~ 4 years of strong branches and cut them to 5cm for cutting.
1. Cutting preparation: Before cutting, select 7-8-year-old robust mother trees, cut off vigorous old healthy branches without diseases and insect pests, cut off leaves and top tender shoots, and cut cuttings with a length of 17-2 cm. The survival rate of cutting is over 9%, and the seedlings grow healthily. All young branches or long branches are not allowed. Because such branches are often not easy to bear fruit after planting.
2. Soil preparation-It is best to choose sandy soil with thick soil for the seedbed, so as to take seedlings in the future. After the land is selected, it is plowed and raked, and human and animal manure is applied to make a high border with a width of 1.3m The border ditch is about 3cm wide and 2cm deep.
planting season-February-March in spring and August-September in autumn can be used for cutting, and autumn cutting is the best. Cutting in autumn can grow roots in the same year and grow rapidly after germination in the next spring;
3. Cutting-when cutting, horizontal furrows are cut on the border with a distance of 23-27 cm; Insert the cuttings into the ditch according to the plant spacing of 15 ~ 17 cm, and never insert them upside down. Usually, about 12, ~ 15, cuttings are needed per mu (our small vegetable garden is not big, besides, we can't all plant this kind of plant, so naturally a few trees are enough). After inserting, cover the soil and compact it, so that a bud at the tip is exposed from the soil surface, and the soil should be watered.
4. Seedling management: water and irrigate at any time after transplanting; And build a shed for shade, and do a good job of drainage when it rains. When the height of seedlings is 7 ~ 1 cm, the weak seedlings are removed, and only one strong seedling is left per plant. Weeding in time, topdressing with light human and animal manure or ammonium sulfate for 3-4 times, and transplanting after one year of cultivation.
second, potted
bergamot is a variety of citron, which belongs to citrus ornamental flowers. It is quite common for bergamot not to blossom or only to blossom and not to bear fruit, but to sit still after bearing fruit.
1. Promote the vegetative growth of seedlings and make them grow into plants as soon as possible. In the second and third years, when changing pots in the spring, cake fertilizer, hoof pieces and bone powder were applied as base fertilizer, and at the same time, a plastic pruning was carried out, leaving 15cm of trunk and 3 ~ 5 axillary buds under it to promote the germination of strong branches and expand the crown. When the new plant grows to 5 ~ 8 cm, the top buds and lateral buds are removed, so as to cultivate a certain tree shape and promote it to enter the fruiting stage in advance.
2. bergamot likes acidic soil, and the PH value should be kept at 5.3. The proportion of basin soil is humus 6%, river sand 3%, peat soil or furnace ash slag 1%. Thin fertilizer water can be applied once every ten days and a half months. When the water is big, it is easy to rot the roots, so we should try to water the soil. The surface of the basin soil is not watered, and it is poured through once, all year round.
3. The most suitable humidity for bergamot is 7% ~ 9%. Therefore, in the dry season, water should be sprayed on the leaves 1 ~ 2 times a day, and water can also be sprayed on the ground to increase air humidity. The suitable temperature of bergamot is 15 ~ 3℃. In high temperature season, it should be moved to a cool, ventilated and shady place. When the temperature is lower than 5℃, it is necessary to keep out the cold.
4. It is difficult for bergamot to set fruit, so various methods should be used to promote it. In the bud stage, before and after flowering, organic fertilizer should be topdressing, and thin organic liquid fertilizer should be applied once a week. Then, the buds should be thinned. Deformed buds and sick buds should be broken off, and too many buds should not be left. Only two or three buds that grow best near the top of the branches should be left, and too many fruits should not be required.
5. bergamot is prone to yellow leaf disease and leaf shedding, and 1% ferrous sulfate solution can be used for yellow leaf disease. If the roots are rotten, turn over the pot immediately, remove the plants from the pot and wash the roots, remove the rotten roots, and plant them in sterilized plain sand for maintenance to gradually restore their vitality.