The function of gardenia is that gardenia is a shrub with a height of 0.3-3 meters; The shoots are often short-haired, and the branches are cylindrical and gray. Leaves opposite, leathery, sparsely papery, at least three rounds, with different shapes. Usually oblong, lanceolate, obovate, rectangular, obovate or oval, 3-25 cm long and 1.5-8 cm wide. The tip is tapered, long and sharp or short and blunt, the base is wedge-shaped or short, both sides are often hairless, and the tip is bright green. 8- 15 pairs of lateral veins, convex downward and flat upward; Petiole length 0.2- 1 cm; Stipules membranous.
The fruit is ovoid, nearly spherical, ovoid or oblong, yellow or orange-red, with a length of1.5-7cm, a diameter of1.2-2cm, 5-9 longitudinal ribs with wings, and the persistent sepals at the top are 4cm long and 6mm wide. Seeds are numerous, flat, suborbicular, slightly angular, about 3.5 mm long and 3 mm wide. The flowering period is from March to July, and the fruiting period is from May to February.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that Gardenia has the functions of protecting liver and gallbladder, lowering blood pressure, calming, stopping bleeding and reducing swelling. Traditional Chinese medicine is often used to treat jaundice hepatitis, sprain and contusion, hypertension, diabetes and other diseases. The effects of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis are mainly as follows:
1, purging fire and relieving annoyance
Suitable for heat disturbing the mind. (1) Exogenous fever, stagnation of pathogenic factors, chest distress and insomnia. (2) Fire is full of poison, high fever, irritability and even delirium.
2, cool blood and detoxify
It is used for blood-heat toxin syndrome. ① Blood-heat rash, vomiting blood, nosebleed and hematuria. ② The pharynx is swollen, the eyes are red, the sore is hot, and it is really hot.
3. Clearing away dampness and heat
It is suitable for damp-heat syndrome of liver and gallbladder and lower energizer. ① The liver meridian is hot and humid with fire, upset and irritable, hypochondriac pain and bitter taste. (2) Damp-heat jaundice, damp-heat bet, heat stranguria and astringent pain.
The effect of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is 1, which is beneficial to gallbladder and jaundice.
Injection of gardenia water extract, crocin and crocetin into rabbits can obviously increase bile secretion and contract human gallbladder. It can also significantly reduce bilirubin in blood and peripheral lymph. It can promote the rapid excretion of bilirubin in blood.
2. Promote pancreatic secretion
Geniposide can promote pancreatic secretion, significantly reduce pancreatic amylase and increase pancreatic bile flow.
3, antipyretic and effect on microorganisms
The ethanol extracts of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and its different processed products have antipyretic effects, among which raw Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has stronger antipyretic effect, and ursolic acid is one of the effective components of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. After charcoal frying, the content of ursolic acid decreased obviously, and the antipyretic effect of fried gardenia was obviously weakened, while that of burnt gardenia was not. The water extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has inhibitory effects on various skin fungi and hemolytic streptococcus.
4. Others
(1) Sedative effect: Gardenia jasminoides Ellis decoction has sedative effect, which is obviously enhanced after charring and carbonization.
(2) Lowering blood pressure: Gardenia water decoction has a lasting effect on lowering blood pressure and preventing and treating atherosclerosis.
(3) Coagulation: Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has obvious coagulation effect, which can obviously shorten the coagulation time of mice.
(4) Inhibition of gastric acid: The decoction of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has obvious inhibition on the total gastric acid secretion and pepsin activity in mice. The inhibitory effect on the stomach was obviously weakened or disappeared after burning.
(5) Purging: Dehydrogeniposide and Isogeniposide have purgative effects.
(6) Accelerating healing: Gardenia extract made into ointment can accelerate soft tissue healing.
The medicinal remedy of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is 1. Treat typhoid fever, sweating, vomiting and diarrhea, and can't sleep because of fatigue: fourteen gardenias (dissected) and four black beans (wrapped in cotton). The second part uses four liters of water, first boil two and a half liters of gardenia, take one and a half liters of lobster sauce, and cook one and a half liters for two times. Take it warm and stop taking it after vomiting. ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases" Gardenia Black Bean Soup)
2, treatment of typhoid fever: fifteen fat gardenia (cut), one or two licorice (baked), two or two phellodendron. Serve three flavors, use four liters of water, boil one and a half liters of gardenia, and take it at different temperatures. ("Treatise on Febrile Diseases" Gardenia White Skin Decoction)
3, the treatment of damp-heat jaundice: four dollars for hawthorn, one or two for abrus cantonensis, and one or two for Tian. Decoct with water, three times a day. (Guangxi Chinese herbal medicine)
4, cure urinary stranguria, blood stranguria, fresh gardenia two or two, rock sugar one or two. Decoct. (Mindong Herbs)
5, treatment of urinary tract obstruction: 27 pieces of gardenia kernel, a little salt flower, a garlic. Mash it on the table, sprinkle paper flowers on the navel, or smear it on the scrotum, and it will pass after a long time. (Puji Fang)
6, treatment of acute gastroenteritis, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea: Shan Zhi San Qian, Panzhunan Wuwei (Zijin Skin) root five money, Aristolochia root two money. Stir-fry with medicine and add five yuan of honey. Decoct in water and take it twice. (Selected data of single prescription survey)
7, cure aphtha, sore throat, can not eat: Daqing 42, Gardenia, Phellodendron each one or two, white honey half a catty. Chop, take three liters of water, fry one liter, remove me, and fry honey once or twice, including it. ("Puji Fang" Gardenia Decoction)
Growth habit of gardenia jasminoides Ellis