1. Diet therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus
Gestational diabetes can be controlled by strict diet control and exercise therapy, and diet control is the basis of gestational diabetes treatment.
1. Avoid frying, frying and smoking when cooking food. The diet is light and should not be too salty or oily.
2. Soup is mainly vegetarian soup, and eat less sparerib soup and bone soup.
3. Avoid animal fat oil (cream, lard, butter, etc. ).
4. Eat less and eat more, and control the intake of sweets, fruits and foods with high fat content. Strawberries, apples and kiwis should be the first choice. Bananas, sugar cane, longan and grapes are not suitable for eating because of their high sugar content.
5. Take part in outdoor activities properly, especially taking a walk after meals.
6. Eat less or avoid food:
A. refined sugar: white sugar, soft sugar, brown sugar, rock sugar, etc.
B. sweets: chocolate, biscuits, sweet bread, jam, honey, etc.
C. High-starch foods: potatoes, sweet potatoes, etc.
D. Oils: peanuts, melon seeds, walnuts, pine nuts, etc.
E. Starch foods cooked for too long or too thin, such as rice porridge, glutinous rice porridge, lotus root starch, etc.
7. According to the amount suggested by the nutritionist, keep in mind the total amount of food you should eat in one day, and don't increase or decrease it at will.
8. Cultivate good eating habits and order food regularly, quantitatively and qualitatively, but you are too hungry.
9. Reasonable catering, no partial eclipse and diverse foods.
10. broaden the diet according to the food exchange table, and choose foods with low glycemic index and high dietary fiber content under the premise of limited total calories to reduce the fluctuation of blood sugar concentration in the body.
1 1. Eat lightly, control the amount of vegetable oil and animal fat, use less frying cooking methods, and choose more cooking methods such as steaming, boiling and stewing.
12. Fruit should be eaten according to the illness, and it should be eaten as a supplementary food between meals within the total carbohydrate in the whole day. If the disease is not well controlled, the drug should be stopped temporarily.
13. If tuberous foods with high starch content, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, taro and lotus roots, are used as vegetables, the corresponding amount of staple food should be subtracted from the staple food of the whole day.
14. Minimize participation in banquets.
2. Recommended recipes for gestational diabetes.
Classic formula 1
Breakfast: 250g of tofu, 50g of miscellaneous grains steamed bread and 50g of boiled eggs.
Breakfast: 25 grams of soda crackers.
Lunch: salted river shrimp 100g, fried cabbage with auricularia 190g, shrimp skin and winter melon soup 100g, buckwheat noodles 100g.
Noon: cucumber juice 150g.
Dinner: shredded green pepper 130g, loofah egg soup 100g, celery mixed with dried seaweed 1 10g, rice (rice and millet) 100g.
Late stage: 220g milk.
Others: salad oil 25g, salt 4g.
Classic cookbook 2
Breakfast: 220g milk, 50g steamed egg soup and 50g miscellaneous grains steamed bread.
Breakfast: Sliced salty bread.
Lunch: fried amaranth 150g, winter melon soup slices 125g, lettuce slices 125g, rice 100g.
Noon: cucumber150g
Dinner: 50g braised tofu, 0/00g steamed fish/kloc-,200g vegetable dumplings.
Later: tomato 150g
Others: salad oil 25g, salt 4g.
Classic cookbook 3
Breakfast: 50 grams of boiled eggs, 50 grams of millet porridge and 220 grams of milk.
Breakfast: 250 grams of tofu.
Lunch: mixed cucumber 80g, fried mung bean sprouts 200g, rice 100g, steamed flat fish 100g, shrimp and cold dish soup 150g.
Noon: pear100g
Dinner: 130g shredded green pepper, 130g celery fried meat, 100g rice,1/0g seaweed soup.
Later: tomato 150g
Others: salad oil 25g, salt 4g.
Classic cookbook 4
Breakfast: 50 grams of boiled eggs, 220 grams of milk and 60 grams of wheat bran bread.
Breakfast: roll 30 grams.
Lunch: rice 100g, black fungus stewed tofu 70g, radish soup 150g, and mung bean shrimp 70g.
Noon: orange 150g
Dinner: fresh mushroom broth 90g, rice 100g, steamed flat fish 100g, fried amaranth 150g.
Late stage: 220g milk.
Others: salad oil 40g, salt 4g.
Classic cookbook 5
Breakfast: 50 grams of preserved eggs, 200 grams of soybean milk and 50 grams of wheat bran bread.
Breakfast: grapefruit 150g
Lunch: rice 100g, egg soup 100g, boiled chicken 50g, fried shredded pork with bitter gourd 125g.
Noon: small flower roll 30g, tomato 150g.
Dinner: rice 100g, cabbage soup 120g, cold kelp 100g, shredded eel with onion 150g.
Late stage: 220g milk.
Others: salad oil 25g, salt 4g.
Classic recipe 6 breakfast: 50 grams of boiled eggs, 220 grams of milk and 50 grams of oatmeal.
Breakfast: peaches 100g
Lunch: 180g fried leek, 100g rice, 100g crucian bean curd soup.
Noon: cucumber150g
Dinner: rice 100g, winter melon soup 100g, and salted duck 50g.
Late stage: 220g milk.
Others: salad oil 25g, salt 4g.
Classic cookbook 7
Breakfast: 50 grams of boiled eggs, 200 grams of soybean milk, boiled corn cob 100 grams.
Breakfast: 25g of salted bread, tomatoes 150g.
Lunch: salted shrimp 100g, rice 100g, Chinese cabbage bean curd soup 150g, garlic spinach 150g.
Noon: peach 150g.
Dinner: stewed lettuce 150g, braised fish 100g, radish soup 175g, buckwheat noodles 100g.
Later: 200 grams of milk
Others: salad oil 25g, salt 4g.
Classic cookbook 8
Breakfast: 50 grams of boiled eggs, 50 grams of flower rolls and 80 grams of mixed cucumbers.
Breakfast: 50 grams of salted bread.
Lunch: steamed bass 100g, rice 100g, winter melon soup 1 10g, carrot fried with cauliflower 150g.
Noon: Peaches
Dinner: 50 grams of pancakes, stir-fried dishes 150 grams, celery mixed with shrimp 130 grams, 80 grams of roasted eel and 50 grams of buckwheat porridge.
Late stage: 220g milk.
Others: salad oil 25g, salt 4g.
3. The influence of diabetes on children
The incidence of teratoma is increasing.
Increased incidence of macrosomia
Fetal intrauterine growth retardation and the increase of low birth weight infants
Fetal polycythemia and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia increased
Easily complicated with neonatal hypoglycemia
The incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is increasing.
Fetal and neonatal mortality rates are high.
4. How should pregnant women with diabetes eat?
Pregnant women with gestational diabetes must consult a dietitian to control calorie intake, especially the ratio of starch to sweets, without affecting fetal growth. Secondly, moderate exercise also helps to control blood sugar. After diet control and proper exercise, most mothers with gestational diabetes can reach the ideal range of blood sugar (fasting blood sugar value: 80- 105mg/dl, two hours after meals: 100- 120mg/dl), which can prevent macrosomia. A few mothers with gestational diabetes can't control their blood sugar well after the above methods, so insulin must be injected at this time.
Mommy with gestational diabetes, like ordinary pregnant mommy, is indispensable for calories, protein, calcium, iron, folic acid and vitamin B group. Just pay special attention to the number of meals. In the case of constant total calories, it is best to eat more in small quantities, and pay attention to the distribution of quality and quantity, so as to make blood sugar more stable. As for fruits, we should limit them and try not to use fruit juice, such as a glass of Liu Ding juice, which costs three or four yuan. When you are constipated, you can also choose some vegetables and fruits with more cellulose, such as bamboo shoots, kale, leeks and leeks. And brown rice, germ rice and oatmeal can also be added to the rice. Or instead of rice. In addition, eating more foods containing more cellulose can delay the rise of blood sugar, which is beneficial to blood sugar control and satiety. Cooking methods: such as changing fried chicken into roast chicken or boiled chicken (peeled), changing fried pork chops into braised pork chops or boiled meat, etc. Mommy with gestational diabetes eats as much as mommy in general, which doesn't mean that you can't eat anything!
5. What medicine can pregnant women take when they catch a cold?
After pregnancy, the enzymes in pregnant women have certain changes, which have certain influence on the metabolic process of some drugs. Drugs are not easy to detoxify and excrete, but there may be cumulative poisoning. During the formation of fetal organs in early pregnancy, drugs have a certain influence on the fetus, so it is best not to use drugs when catching a cold.
1, anti-cold drugs are mostly compound preparations, which contain many ingredients, such as Xiao Su Shangfeng Capsule, Ganmaotong, Contac, Baijiahei, Kangbide, Kegankang and Kuaike, which mostly contain histamine, so they are not suitable for taking during pregnancy, especially before the fourth week of pregnancy. Cold medicine is mainly symptomatic medicine, which is not a permanent cure, and is not safe for pregnant women, so the author suggests.
2, antiviral drugs, all have adverse effects on the fetus, pregnant women are not easy to use, if necessary, should be used under the guidance of a doctor.
3, antipyretics. A cold with a high fever means that the condition is serious, so you should see a doctor in time. Indomethacin is a banned antipyretic for pregnant women, and aspirin should not be used after 32 weeks of pregnancy.
4. antibiotics. If pregnant women have a cold, there is no clear evidence of bacterial infection, such as tonsillitis, hypertension, cough with yellow sputum, runny nose and so on. No antibiotics are needed. Because antibiotics can act on the fetus through the placenta, there is a possibility of 20%-40% harm to the fetus. Choose safe antibiotics under the guidance of a doctor.
5, expectorants, cough medicine. It is generally safe, but cough medicine containing iodine preparation is not suitable for pregnant women.