First of all, let's understand where the guests come from. Hakkas call themselves "guests" and the whole world is "home". So, where did the Hakkas migrate from? How did the Hakka people form?
The first great migration was from the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, about 500 years. The core event was the Yongjia Rebellion, which led to the south crossing.
The Western Jin Dynasty experienced four emperors: Sima Yan, Sima Zhong, Sima Chi and Sima Ye. Yongjia (307-3 13,*** 7 years) is the title of Emperor Huai of Jin. The "Yongjia Rebellion" should start with the "Eight Kings Rebellion". In 265 AD, Sima Yan established the Jin Dynasty, known as the Western Jin Dynasty in history, with Luoyang as its capital.
Ma Yan's martial arts skills are very good. He died after 0/6 years in office/kloc-and passed on to Hui Di. Because of Hui Di's dementia and incompetence, Yang Jun, the minister of Fuzheng, and Jia Nanfeng, the queen, scrambled to manipulate Huidi to control the state affairs, which caused dissatisfaction among the royal relatives and the court ministers. The court fought among themselves, and eight captaincy fought for the throne, which lasted for 16 years, and there was chaos in China. This was the chaos of eight kings.
During Yongjia period (307-3 13,*** 7 years), five ethnic minorities, namely Xiongnu, Xianbei, Jiejie, Di and Qiang, successively entered the Central Plains, constantly attacking the regime of the Western Jin Dynasty, which led to the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty. History is called "Yongjia Rebellion" or "Five Chaos". In April of the 5th year of Yongjia (3 1 1 year), Xiongnu Liu Cong sent Schleswig, Wang Mi and Liu Yao to attack Jin, annihilated 100,000 Jin troops in Pingcheng (now southwest of Luyi, Henan), and killed Wang Yan, Qiu, and other princes. He also invaded Luoyang, the capital of Beijing, captured Emperor Huai, killed more than 30,000 princes and civilians, and wantonly excavated tombs and burned palaces. In the fourth year of Jianxing, Liu Yao, a Hun, invaded Chang 'an and captured Emperor Jin. The following year, Emperor Chen was killed. At this point, the Western Jin Dynasty perished.
With the chaos in the Central Plains and the Han national regime on the verge of extinction, with the support of Jin nobles and Jiangdong clans, Si Marui was called the King of Jin in 3 17, and in 3 18, he became the emperor of the Jin Dynasty (now Nanjing), and was renamed as the Emperor of Jin Yuan and Jianwu in history (317-).
From the Yongjia Rebellion to the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the gentry (bureaucrats) and the gentry (noble families) in the Central Plains fled to the south at the same rate, which was called "Yongjia Rebellion, crossing the south with the crown" in history. Ordinary people also fled south in groups, known as "refugees" (that is, "refugees") The migration of Han people from Central Plains to the south is mainly in three directions: along the middle road, the "Siyuliu people" from Bingzhou (Taiyuan, Shanxi Province), Sizhou (Luoyang, Henan Province) and Yuzhou (now the eastern and southern part of Henan Province and the area centered on Bozhou, Anhui Province) moved to the southern part of Henan Province, Anhui Province, Hubei Province and Jiangxi Province today, and then they became Hakka ancestors along the Poyang Lake basin and Ganjiang River. Along the east road, people from Qingzhou and Xuzhou entered Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions; The migrants from Qin Zhou and Yongzhou in the west entered Hubei and Guangxi.
The time of the second great migration was from the end of Tang Dynasty to the end of Northern Song Dynasty, about 300 years. The core event was to avoid the Huang Chao Rebellion (875-884).
In the second year of Tang Ganfu (875), peasant uprisings broke out in Wang Xianzhi and Huang Chao. During the period of 10, the peasant army swept through twelve provinces such as Shandong and Henan, which dealt a heavy blow to the rule of the Tang Dynasty. As the southern part of Wuyi Mountain, the border region of Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangdong has not been affected by the war, so it has become a "paradise" for Han people who moved south to escape the war, so a large number of Han people from northern and central Jiangxi entered the border region of Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangdong.
The third great migration was from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, about 500 years. The core event was the invasion of Jin people and the southward crossing of Song Dynasty. The Yuan army invaded the south and the Song Dynasty perished. More Hakka ancestors entered the border of Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangdong. Gannan, western Fujian and eastern Guangdong form a closely connected triangle.
The fourth great migration took place in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, about 200 years. The core events are Zheng Chenggong's moving to Taiwan and Huguang's filling in Sichuan.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong's troops were mainly active in Fujian, and the soldiers were mainly Minnans and Hakkas. When Zheng Chenggong's troops recovered Taiwan Province and retreated to Taiwan Province, many Hakkas followed them to Taiwan Province. General Liu Guoxuan is a Hakka in Changting Sidu. In Kangxi 5 1 year, due to the sparse population and barren land in Sichuan, the court mobilized the people of Huguang generation to fill Sichuan. As a result, the Hakka people from Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangdong, who had an expanding population and few mountains and fields, moved to Sichuan for reclamation. Some Hakka people from Fujian and Guangdong moved to Jiangxi, while others moved to Guangxi and Hunan.
The fifth great migration took place during the reign of Emperor Xianfeng Tongzhi, which was caused by the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement and the Guangdong West Road incident.
After the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement (1851-kloc-0/864) led by Hong Xiuquan and Yang Xiuqing broke out in the first year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, in order to avoid being hunted by the Qing court, the Taiping Army and its families moved to southern Guangdong, Hainan Island, Southeast Asia and overseas. During the reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, in Taishan, Kaiping, Enping, Gaozhou and other places in Guangdong, most of the local Hakkas moved southward into Gaozhou, Leizhou, Qinzhou and Lianzhou in southwest Guangdong, and those who were far away moved across the sea to Hainan Island. # Yongjia Rebellion #