It is cultivated all over China and abroad. Dried Rehmannia glutinosa: Soak in water, wash mud and sand impurities, take out and stew, slice and dry in the sun or dry in the sun. Rehmannia charcoal: put the washed dried Rehmannia glutinosa into the cooking pot, cover the pot, seal the joint of the two pots with yellow mud, press a heavy object, turn the white paper attached to the bottom of the pot with wenwu satin to brown, block the fire door, and take it out after cooling; Or dried rehmannia can be directly fried in the pot. Outline: "The so-called dried rehmannia in the classics is also the dried rehmannia. The method is to take 0/00 kg of Rehmannia glutinosa/kloc-and 60 kg of fat, wash it, dry it in the sun to make it slightly wrinkled, then wash it with people who have picked it, pound the juice with a wooden mortar, pour the wine and pound the juice again, mix the juice with the former Rehmannia glutinosa, and dry it or burn it. "

Efficacy: clearing away heat and promoting fluid production, nourishing yin and nourishing blood. It can be used for treating fever due to yin deficiency, thirst quenching, hematemesis, epistaxis, metrorrhagia, irregular menstruation, restless fetal movement, and constipation due to yin injury.

Sexual taste: sweet and bitter, cool. 1 Classic: "Sweet; Cold. "

2 "not recording" means "bitter and nontoxic."

Entering the heart, liver and kidney meridians.

① Gaoli: First of all, the foot is deficient in yin, and the hands and feet are jue yin. "

② Herbal soup: "It begins with the Sun's Shaoyin Meridian."

(3) Description of the nature of drugs processed by Lei Gong: "Into the heart, liver, spleen and lung."

Oral administration and dosage: decoction, 15 ~ 25g, large dose, 50 ~ 100g, decoction or pill or powder. External use: tamping.

Drug treatment should be avoided:

Use with caution for diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, loss of appetite due to stomach deficiency, and excessive phlegm in chest and diaphragm.

(1) Lei Gong said: "Don't make copper and iron weapons, it will make people's kidneys gray and damage Wei Rong."

② Notes on Materia Medica: "Get Ophiopogon japonicus, have good wine, hate Fritillaria, and fear turnips."

3 "Essentials of Pinhui": "Avoid radish, onion, leek and onion."

④ "Introduction to Medicine": "It is forbidden for those with swelling due to moderate cold and diarrhea." Fresh rehmannia can clear away heat and promote fluid production, and stop bleeding after cooling; It can be used for treating yin injury due to heat, red tongue, polydipsia, macula, hematemesis, epistaxis, and sore throat. Rehmannia glutinosa can clear away heat and cool blood, nourish yin and promote fluid production; Can be used for treating fever, polydipsia, macula, internal heat due to yin deficiency, hematemesis, epistaxis, diabetes, and infectious hepatitis.

Therapeutic value

1. Clearing heat and cooling blood. Sweet, bitter and cold in nature, it can clear blood heat and cool blood. For fever with high fever, thirst and red tongue, the prescription is as follows: Qingying Decoction. In addition, this product has the effect of cooling blood and stopping bleeding, and can be used for various hemorrhagic diseases caused by blood heat.

2. Nourish yin and promote fluid production. The tonic liquid can nourish yin, has sweet and cold taste, and has the effects of nourishing yin, moistening dryness, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst. Used in the late stage of fever, when pathogenic heat damages body fluids. In addition, this product has the effect of nourishing yin and clearing heat, and is often used to treat dry mouth, thirst and dizziness caused by yin deficiency and excessive fire. The prescription is Liuwei Dihuang Pill. People suffering from diabetes due to excessive heat can also be treated with Dihuang. The rhizome of Rehmannia glutinosa contains β-sitosterol, mannitol, a small amount of stigmasterol and a small amount of campesterol. It also contains Rachmanin, catalpol, dihydrocatalpol, acetyl catalpol, dansetroside, melitoside, geniposide and ajugoside. Iridoids, monoterpenes and glycosides, such as carotene, 1- ethyl -β-D- galactoside (1- ethyl -β-D- galactoside), and rehmannia glutinosa, b, c and d. It also contains organic acids such as benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, 3- methoxy -4- hydroxybenzoic acid, Cin acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, caprylic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, lauric acid and tetradecanoic acid.

It also contains stachyose, glucose, sucrose, fructose, raffinose, mannose, verbose, galactose and vitamin A.

Fresh rehmannia glutinosa contains more than 20 kinds of amino acids, of which arginine is the highest. Rehmannia glutinosa contains 15 amino acids, among which alanine content is the highest. Rehmannia glutinosa also contains more than 20 kinds of trace elements such as iron, zinc, manganese and chromium. Effects of 1. on cardiovascular system

A. Effect on the heart: Experiments show that the fluid extract of Rehmannia glutinosa can significantly enhance the contractility of frog's heart, especially for the weak heart, but a large dose can poison the normal frog's heart. Intravenous injection of ethanol extract and water extract of Rehmannia glutinosa in rats can obviously inhibit the heart and slow down or even stop the heartbeat. Therefore, attention should be paid to the toxicity to the heart when using large doses of Rehmannia glutinosa.

B effect on blood pressure: rats were injected with water extract, alcohol extract and ether extract intraperitoneally. The results show that the water extract has obvious antihypertensive effect on acute experimental hypertension, while the alcohol extract and ether extract have no obvious effect on hypertension, but have a stabilizing effect on blood pressure at cold (room temperature 23℃). Intravenous injection of Rehmannia glutinosa extract can increase blood pressure in rabbits and dogs. When perfusing toad hind legs, moderate concentration makes blood vessels contract and high concentration makes blood vessels dilate. Intravenous injection of ethanol extract of Rehmannia glutinosa can reduce blood pressure in anesthetized dogs and rabbits. Experiments show that Liuwei Dihuang decoction has obvious effects on lowering blood pressure, improving renal function and reducing mortality in experimental renal hypertension rats.

2. Effect on blood: The yellow needle-like crystals obtained from the ethanol extract of Rehmannia glutinosa can shorten the clotting time of rabbits, but its decoction has no obvious effect. The experiment shows that the decoction of Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Radix Rehmanniae Charcoal and Radix Rehmanniae Charcoal can obviously shorten the coagulation time, and there is no significant difference between them.

The DIC effect of nine different kinds of Radix Rehmanniae and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata was studied. It is proved that one of the domestic Radix Rehmanniae Preparata has antithrombin effect, and the other two have the function of activating fibrinolytic system, which can obviously resist the occurrence of DIC induced by thrombin and endotoxin in rats, but they have no platelet aggregation effect.

Rehmannia glutinosa has dual effects of hemostasis and anticoagulation, and its mechanism needs further study.

Intraperitoneal injection of 100% Radix Rehmanniae Injection in rats, with daily dose of 1ml for 6 days, can alleviate platelet injury caused by cobalt 60 irradiation and accelerate recovery.

3. Effect on blood sugar The effect of Rehmannia glutinosa on blood sugar needs further study. After gavage or injection to rabbits, the decoction, infusion or alcohol extract can reduce normal blood sugar and hyperglycemia caused by adrenaline and amine chloride. It has been reported that subcutaneous injection of 2g/kg or gastric perfusion of 4g/kg ethanol extract of Rehmannia glutinosa can reduce blood sugar. The injection administration was obvious, and the blood sugar decreased to the minimum 4 hours after administration. Intramuscular injection of 20g ethanol extract of Rehmannia glutinosa can also inhibit and prevent the increase of blood sugar caused by adrenaline in rabbits. The hypoglycemic effect of Radix Rehmanniae is more significant than that of Radix Puerariae. The hypoglycemic effect of Bawei Dihuang Pill is not better than that of Huang Qiang. It is reported that Bawei Dihuang decoction can reduce the hyperglycemia caused by alloxan in rats. It is also reported that the water or alcohol extract of Rehmannia glutinosa only reduces the blood sugar of normal rabbits, but has no effect on the hyperglycemia caused by adrenaline.

However, there are also reports to the contrary. The ethanol extract, water decoction and water immersion of Rehmannia glutinosa have no hypoglycemic effect on rabbit experiments.

4. Effect on central nervous system: Rehmannia glutinosa has obvious sedative effect, and its action site may be in cerebral cortex. Its water extract can inhibit the spontaneous activity of mice, enhance the hypnotic effect of subthreshold hypnotic doses of pentobarbital sodium and thiopental sodium, and also resist the excitatory effect of caffeine sodium, but it can not resist the convulsion caused by strychnine nitrate and pentylenetetrazol. The sedative effect of Rehmannia glutinosa is beneficial to relieve the symptoms of hypertensive patients and obviously improve the insomnia caused by hypertensive patients, with an effective rate of 94%. Some people think that the sedative components of Rehmannia glutinosa are mainly water-soluble, and oral Rehmannia glutinosa decoction extract, alcohol infusion or intraperitoneal injection 10g/kg can all have synergistic effects on the hypnotic effect of pentobarbital sodium.

5. Anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects: Rehmannia decoction has obvious antagonistic effects on formaldehyde arthritis and egg white arthritis in rats, and can inhibit granuloma caused by subcutaneous injection of turpentine and increase of capillary permeability caused by histamine. The water extract of Rehmannia glutinosa has obvious inhibitory effect on the increase of vascular permeability caused by histamine and peritonitis caused by acetic acid in mice, and also has anti-inflammatory effect on acute inflammation caused by egg white, while the alcohol and ether extracts of Rehmannia glutinosa have no anti-inflammatory effect.

It has been reported that the water extract of Rehmannia glutinosa can significantly increase peripheral blood T lymphocytes, and the alcohol extract of Rehmannia glutinosa can significantly promote the production of anti-SRPC antibody-hemolysin and reduce peripheral blood T lymphocytes, but the water extract of Rehmannia glutinosa has no such effect.

6. Antifungal effect The water extract of Rehmannia glutinosa can inhibit the growth of many fungi, such as tinea pedis, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum woollen and Microsporum Adornum.

7. Effect on endocrine: Rehmannia glutinosa can resist the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on pituitary-adrenocortical system and promote the synthesis of adrenocortical hormone. Clinical observation shows that the combination of Rehmannia glutinosa and glucocorticoid can alleviate the side effects of yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity caused by hormone. Rehmannia glutinosa combined with dexamethasone can gradually increase the concentration of corticosterone in rabbits, but pathological observation shows that it has no obvious change in the morphology of pituitary and adrenal cortex in rabbits, suggesting that Rehmannia glutinosa can alleviate the effect of glucocorticoid on the function and morphology of pituitary-adrenal cortex system in rabbits. Animal experiments show that Rehmannia glutinosa can resist the decrease of plasma corticosterone concentration after continuous administration of dexamethasone and prevent adrenal cortex atrophy. Rehmannia glutinosa decoction can significantly reduce the content of vitamin C in adrenal gland of rats.

8. Anti-tumor effect Liuwei Dihuang decoction can obviously resist the effect of N- nitrosoethyl ester-induced gastric squamous cell carcinoma in mice (similar to human esophageal cancer). It is generally believed that the anti-tumor effect of Rehmannia glutinosa is related to increasing immune function. Rehmannia glutinosa can promote lymphocyte transformation, increase the number of T lymphocytes, and enhance the phagocytic function of reticuloendothelial system, especially for immunocompromised people.

9. Other effects are reported. After intravenous injection of Rehmannia glutinosa extract in anesthetized dogs, the urine volume per unit time increased, and its diuretic principle may be related to its cardiotonic and vasodilative effects. However, it has also been reported that the diuretic effect of Rehmannia glutinosa decoction extract and alcohol extract on rats has not been confirmed.