Dachshund
The Dachshund is a short-legged, long-bodied dachshund. The name is of German origin and originally meant "badger dog". The breed was developed to sniff, track, and kill badgers and other burrowing animals. Interestingly, although "Dachshund" is a German word, it is not commonly used in Germany, where it is often called Dackel or Teckel.
The Dachshund is a lively, intelligent dog that loves to cajole. Dachshunds come in any coat color, with small white spots or spots of various colors on the chest. Short-haired breeds with short, dense hair and thicker hair on the inside of the tail. Long-haired breeds with long, soft, lusterless straight hair, or a little wavy. The back sides of the feet are long with richly trimmed hair. The body is long and muscular and can burrow freely. The head is long with a thin tip and an arched skull. The eyes are dark and of moderate size, or if the fur is mottled, the eyes are partly or wholly of a light greenish color. Ears are often mobile, broad and long, with high roots. The tail slides down and curves along the dorsal bone, with the end upward. The forelimbs are strongly muscled, and the hindlimbs are parallel when viewed from behind. The forelegs are high and bulging, while the hindlegs are slightly smaller. Standard dogs weigh 9 to 12 kilograms and small dogs weigh 4.5 kilograms.?
Body Type
Dachshunds can be categorized into two sizes, standard and miniature. Minis are not classified separately in breeding and dog shows, but in competitions, dogs that are "11 pounds, under 12 months and larger" are classified separately. The Standard weighs about 16-32 pounds.
Head The head is tapered (tapering toward the tip of the nose) when viewed from above or from the side. The eyes are medium-sized, almond-shaped, dark-rimmed, with a pleasant, comfortable expression; they are not sharp; and are very dark in color. The bridge of the nose (over the eyes) is very strong and prominent. The presence of colored rings in the eyes is a very serious defect, except in the spotted Dachshund. Ears positioned very near the top of the head, not excessively * forward, of medium length, round, not too narrow, pointed or folded. The ears hang, and when moving, the front edge of the ear rests against the cheek and becomes part of the face. The head is slightly rounded and arched, neither ? too wide, nor too narrow, tilting gradually, transitioning past a slight, but perceptible stop to a delicate, slightly rounded arch of the muzzle. Black is the preferred color for the noseglass. The lips extend closely over the lower jaw. The nostrils are flared. The mouth can open wide, and the jaws, where they join the skull, are located behind the eyes, with strong bones and teeth. Teeth: Powerful canines with close, clipped bite and. The clipped bite and are minor defects, the other bites and are serious defects. NECK Long, well muscled, neat and free of bulk, with a slightly rounded arch to the back of the neck, which blends smoothly into the shoulders. Trunk The trunk is long and fully muscled. In profile, the back (between the withers and the short, slightly rounded loin) is as straight as possible. The body hanging loosely over the shoulder blades is a serious defect. Abdomen: slightly lifted. Forequarters In order to work effectively underground, the forequarters must be firm, deep and neatly muscled. The ideal forequarters are : Chest . The sternum protrudes very strongly in front so that both sides show collapse or depression. When viewed from the front, the thorax is ovate in shape and extends down to the middle of the forearms. It is surrounded by well-supported ribs, which are ovate and plump, yielding ample space for the heart and lungs to develop fully. The line of the thoracic floor gradually merges into the abdomen and extends fully over the forelimbs. In profile, the deepest part of the underparts is hidden by the forelimbs. Scapulae . Long, broad, and sloping backward, resting firmly on top of the ample chest, with the horse-shoulder rungs very * close together, and the muscles hard and supple. Upper Arm . Ideally the same length as the scapula, at right angles to it, inclined backward, and close to the ribs, with the elbow *close to the body, but free to move. Forearm . Short, hard but pliable muscles in front and on the outer side, the tendons on the inner and back extending closely and curving slightly inward. The distance between the joints (wrists) between the forearms and foot-claws is closer than that between the shoulder joints, so that the front does not look very straight; the joints being beyond are out of order. Footpaws . The forefeet are plump, close, compact, and complemented by moderately rounded arched toes and very hard, thick pads. The paws may all be slightly inclined outward. There are five toes, four of which are useful, tightly coupled, round-arched and strong, with short toenails. The forelimb wolf claws may be excised. Hindquarters Sturdy and well-muscled. The ideal structure of the pelvis, first thigh bone, second thigh bone, and metatarsals is that they are all the same length and connected to each other at multiple consecutive right angles. When viewed from behind, the thighs are firm and strong. The leg is neither bent inward nor turned outward. Metatarsals: short and strong, perpendicular to the second thigh bone; when viewed from behind, they are perpendicular and parallel to each other. Foot claw (hindfoot): smaller than the forefoot claw, with four closely fitting, rounded-arched toes and a thick padded foot. The entire paw is straight forward, and the paw is harmonious and bulbous as a whole, not just the toes. The hind wolf claws may be excised. Rump: long, rounded and plump, slightly submerged in the pronounced tail. Tail: situated on the extension of the spine, not crooked, twisted, or visibly bent, nor overly jauntily raised.Gait
Smooth and fluid. The forelegs are well extended forward, not lifting the legs too high, and complementing the driving action of the hindquarters. Correct shoulder structure and proper elbows allow for a sprawling, wide stride. When viewed from the front, the forelimbs do not move in absolutely parallel planes, but slightly inward to counteract the effects of too short a leg, and the width of the chest. The driving action of the hind limbs is in the same straight line as that of the forelimbs, and the fleur-de-lys (metatarsals) are neither bent inward nor turned outward. Hind leg drive relies heavily on his ability to fully extend his hind leg, which, when viewed from the side, extends forward to the same degree as it extends backward. The correct action of the hind stirrups is one in which the pads of the hind feet are clearly visible throughout the backward extension. The paws should be parallel to the direction of travel, neither swinging, crossing, nor interfering with each other. Short, undulating movements, swaying, high legged gaits, too close and too far when coming over or passing over are considered errors. The Dachshund must have a lively, sprawling action and the stamina to do his work.
Temperament
The Dachshund is quick-witted, lively, courageous, a little reckless, indefatigable when working above or below ground, and all the senses are highly developed. Any show of shyness is a serious defect.
Coat Characteristics
The Dachshund is available in three different coat types, (1) short-haired, (2) bristly, and (3) long-haired, in two sizes: standard and miniature, both of which have the three coat types above.
Short-haired type The coat is short, smooth and sleek. It is neither too long nor too thin. Ears should not look like leather. Tail: Tapering towards the tip of the tail, but without excessive hair. The hairs on the lower abdomen are long and sleek, and a partial block with thick hairs is not a defect. A brush-like tail is a defect, as is a whole hairless or partially hairless tail. COLOR OF THE HAIR: The basic color is not important though, definite styles and basic colors prevail. Single colors, red (with or without shades of darker, lighter brown scattered about) and cream. A small amount of white on the chest is permissible but undesirable. Nostrils and toenails are black. Bicolors, including black, chocolate, boar, gray (blue), and camel (Isabella brown), each with brown markings above the eyes, on the sides of the jaws, on the lower lip, on the inside edges of the ears, on the front, on the chest, on the inside and back of the forelegs, on the pasterns, and around the anus and on the underside of the tail, extending 1/3 to 1/2 way down the tail.Improperly protruding or too-light brown markings are not desirable. A small amount of white on the chest is permissible but undesirable. Nostrils and toenails, black for black dogs; dark brown for chocolate and other colors, but its own color is acceptable.? Mottled, the "single mottled" style, with a distinct range of lighter mottling, intersected by very dark undertones, can be any color possible. Neither light nor dark colors can dominate. The noseglasses and toenails are the same as those of a single-colored weenie or a two-colored weenie. Part or all of the eye is blue in color (with a color ring within the eye) and is as acceptable as a dark eye. Mottled color dachshunds with large white markings on the chest are permitted. "Double mottling" is the presence of varying amounts of white mottling on the body of a mottled-colored dachshund, with the snout and toenails being the same as a monochromatic dachshund or bicolored dachshund. It is also acceptable to be partially or partially its own color. The brindle pattern (contrasting color) is black or dark markings all over the body, although, some brindle-colored Dachshunds can only see brown markings.? Bristly Type Coat: Except for the jaws, eyebrows, and ears, the body is covered with a uniformly close, short, thick, rough, and hard outer cloak of hair, with fine, soft, short hairs (undercoat) distributed among the rough hairs. Lack of undercoat is a defect. Characteristic facial hair includes whiskers and eyebrows. The hair on the ears is shorter than the hair on the body and is almost smooth. The general arrangement of the bristly Dachshund's coat, when viewed from a distance, is much the same as that of the short-haired Dachshund. If there are some soft hairs, regardless of the body, especially on the top of the head, they are defective. The correct length of hair, curly hair or wavy hair is the same. The hairs are in irregular strips, in different directions. Tail: Robust, with thick hair that tapers toward the tip. A flat tail is a defect. COAT COLOR: Most colors are boar, black, brown, red with varying depths, all colors allowed. A small amount of white on the chest is acceptable but undesirable. Snout Goggles and Toe Nails: same as the short-haired type. Long-haired type Coat: sleek, glossy slightly wavy hair, long below the neck, on the chest, under the body, behind the ears and legs. The coat gives him a civilized appearance. Short hair on the ears is undesirable. Hair over and abundant, forming a mask, of uniform length over the whole body, curly coat, or distinctly differentiated on the back are defective. Tail: Gently held up, on the extension of the spine. Hair reaches optimum length and forms a flag. COLOR OF HAIR: Same as the short-haired Dachshund. Nostrils and toenails: same as Short-haired Dachshund Distribution range Ancient Egyptian monasteries have depictions of such long-bodied, short-footed creatures on their frescoes; stone models and clay artifacts resembling Dachshunds can be found in Mexico, Greece, Peru, and on the Chinese mainland. From the German ancient Romans lived on the remains of the excavation of fossilized remains similar to the dachshund judgment, that the dog for the Dutang produced purebred dogs. [3][edit]Habits
The Dachshund has a lively, cheerful, courageous, cautious and confident personality. Often makes funny gestures and is a happy dog. Easily trained, loyal to their masters but wary of outsiders. Relentless when working above or below ground, all senses are highly developed. Outdoors, the Dachshund is brave, energetic and tireless; indoors, it is loving and sensitive, friendly when quiet, playful when it needs to be cheerful, and alert when announcing strangersDiseases Dachshunds are susceptible to and how to feed them
Diseases Dachshunds are susceptible to?
1. Herniated discs?
In between the movable vertebrae is a disk called the "disc". When a dog ages or suffers trauma or pressure, the lubricating fluid in the disc decreases and the flexibility of the vertebral column decreases, causing the nucleus pulposus to pass through the disc and create a herniated disc. This disease can cause the dog to have trouble walking, lifting its head, paralysis of the feet, and difficulty urinating due to the displacement of the spine and compression of the nerves. Avoiding overloading the dachshund with jumping up and down, climbing stairs, and other causes of spinal compression can prevent or delay the onset of a herniated disc.
2. Ringworm?
It is a common skin disease in short-haired dachshunds, which is a round red mark that is infected by fungi. These fungi attack the hair follicles and cause the hair to break, die and fall out, leaving the skin with a cigarette-burned appearance. Some dachshunds spend their entire lives battling this disease.
3. Cataracts?
Cataracts are a condition in which the eye's crystals become cloudy for some reason, leading to impaired vision; they can be classified as either congenital genetic or acquired. The most effective solution is to operate to remove the diseased crystal, but the operation is just like removing the dirty glasses or the vision will be poor due to the inability to focus accurately. If you develop non-traumatic cataracts at a young age (e.g., 4-5 years old), most of the cataracts are hereditary.
4. Epilepsy?
Epilepsy, commonly known as epilepsy, is a condition in which the nerves in the brain discharge abnormally. It usually returns to normal within 2-4 minutes after a seizure. Dogs with hereditary epilepsy are currently only able to take long-term medication to suppress the symptoms of seizures.
5. Progressive retinal atrophy?
This is an inherited disease in which the retina slowly shrinks and eventually leads to blindness. It starts out as night blindness and eventually even daytime vision is affected.
6. Corneal dystrophy?
This is a hereditary corneal disease that produces white or gray crystals or a metallic, opaque substance in the cornea that affects vision. The disease is categorized as acute or chronic.
7. Localized hair loss of unknown origin?
Localized hair loss of unknown origin often occurs at the base of the ear, behind the ear, abdomen, thighs and other parts of the body, the affected area will seem to have been thinning scissors to cut the hair will be more sparse, but there are also cases of complete hair loss.
8. Diabetes?
Dachshunds are most commonly caused by obesity diabetes. A dog that eats and drinks a lot of food and drinks but is getting thinner is a warning sign of diabetes. In addition to insulin injections, avoiding excessive eating and drinking and increasing exercise can also prevent diabetes from occurring.
9. Respiratory allergies?
Dachshunds often snore when they are extremely excited, after exercise, or when there is a sudden and dramatic change in temperature, which usually lasts for 10 seconds or so and then returns to normal. If the attacks are frequent or prolonged, it is important to seek medical attention, as they are not simply respiratory allergies, but could be collapsed airways or asthma.
10. Stones in the urinary system?
When the dog urination increased significantly, hematuria, urine is a warning sign of stones, can be used to dissolve the stones or surgery to treat; reduce the intake of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium-containing foods and provide sufficient water can also avoid the occurrence of stones.
How to feed?
Because of the Dachshund's independent nature, it is easy to take care of, and the owner's instructions will be quickly understood and obeyed, but sometimes it will be too opinionated to insist on the owner's orders, so proper communication is the best way to get along with the Dachshund.
The Dachshund is an optimistic animal by nature, so it won't be a big problem in terms of dietary habits. However, it is a breed that is prone to obesity, and can become overweight if it is not careful, so it is important to be careful to let it have a fixed amount of food, and as for the amount of exercise, the Dachshund, which is very active, will definitely be enough.
If you want to take special care of the Dachshund, you may need to pay attention to the cleanliness of the long ears and the spinal disorder caused by the long body.
The Dachshund is a great breed for lazy or busy owners because it is independent, doesn't need to be accompanied all day long, has a lively personality and is very good at pampering itself, and is healthy, not prone to illness, and of a moderate size.
Dachshund habits?
The Miniature Dachshund, originally from Germany, is designed to chase small animals like rabbits and drive them into dug-out burrows. With a cheerful personality and a strong sense of alertness, it is a very intelligent small dog. They are defensive towards strangers, but have a strong love for their family. Despite its small size, it is physically strong and good at hunting.?
This dog is very obedient to its owner and has a high willingness to be trained, but is born with the habit of digging, so training must be given as early as possible. He likes to be with his companions, and will be especially happy if he can arrange a companion for him when the family is together or out and about. It is the perfect playmate for a well-behaved child.
The Dachshund's personality: Judgmental. Eloquent. Hot-tempered. Bold. Light bodied.
Little Dachshund has just been weaned, and you can refer to the following feeding management of puppies.
The puppy period is the main stage of growth and development, the body grows rapidly, and therefore must be supplied with adequate nutrition. Generally, the first 3 months after birth is mainly to increase the body and weight, 4 to 6 months is mainly to increase the body length, 7 months after the main long body height. Therefore, different diets should be formulated according to different stages of development. Weaned puppies, due to the sudden change in living conditions, often appear to be restless, loss of appetite, easy to get sick, this time the selected feed should be palatable, easy to digest. 3 months of the puppy every day at least? Feed 4 times. For the poor appetite of the dog can be used to feed the first second, after feeding the good, less add hard to feed the method. The first after the good can keep the dog's appetite, less add diligent feeding can make the dog always have a sense of not full, not to boredom, picky eaters. 4 ~ 6 months of age of the puppy, the amount of food increases, weight gain quickly, the amount of daily feed also increased, at least 3 times a day to feed the 6 months of age of the dog, 2 times a day to feed the puppy's recipes, should be the original owner's recipes to feed, and the original owner's recipes to feed the puppy's recipes, should be in accordance with the original owner's recipes, and the original owner's recipes. After 6 months of age, feed the puppy twice a day. Puppies less than 3 months old should be fed with rice, milk or soymilk with an appropriate amount of chopped fish, meat and chopped and cooked vegetables. In order to reduce the cost of feed without affecting the nutrition of puppies, pigs, cattle lungs and other organs can be boiled and chopped, and green vegetables, cornmeal and other cooked food mixed and fed to the dog, so that both the economy, the dog and love to eat. Some people think, such as feeding all the meat to the dog, can make the dog grow strong, in fact, this is the wrong approach. Eat meat not only can not make the dog strong, but due to indigestion, difficult to absorb and make most of the dog diarrhea. Meat in the protein, but vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and shy less, while meat in the calcium less phosphorus, long-term meat, easy to cause the puppy body due to calcium, phosphorus ratio imbalance and bone formation disorders, easy to break or limb line, such as large dogs such as Great Dane should not be fed too much meat too early, otherwise it may cause the forelimb bending. Water is absolutely indispensable in puppy rearing, and a basin of water should be placed in a fixed place so that it can drink before and after eating and exercising. If the dog can drink enough clean water from a young age, it can make its development normal, gastrointestinal health. Especially in the summer and autumn seasons, the weather is hot, the body water evaporation is very fast, especially the love of activities of the puppy, if not in time to replenish the water, often easy to cause dehydration in the organization of water, and even cause dehydration and affect the health of the dog, it is best to let the dog after each daily exercise, let the dog drink some glucose water. (1~2 tablespoons of glucose powder, add an appropriate amount of clean water)? < Puppies should be fed with calcium powder and vitamins, which are necessary for teeth and bone regret? growth are necessary. In particular, purebred dogs with larger bones, such as Boxers and Great Danes, need calcium during puppyhood. Usually for growing puppies under 1 year of age, the daily amount of calcium powder is about 1 teaspoon of calcium powder for every 2 kilograms of body weight, and the dosage of calcium powder should be increased proportionally as the dog grows older. After 1 year of age, as the dog has entered the maturity stage, the growth of teeth and bone regrets has stabilized, the need for calcium powder is relatively reduced, and its dosage is about 1 teaspoon of calcium powder for every 4.5 kg of body weight per day, which is enough. However, there should be an appropriate amount of outdoor exercise every day, through the ultraviolet radiation, in order to facilitate the absorption of calcium. Too much calcium powder is harmful instead...? In feeding management, puppies need more energy than adult dogs, and we should especially prevent a few puppies from overeating, so that the other puppies are not full and can't eat. The daily amount of food per dog should be determined by the size of the dog, which depends on the observation of the breeder to determine. Generally, the degree of satiety or hunger can be seen from the dog's feeding behavior. If the dog foraging quickly, gulping, that appetite is not a problem; foraging, food bowl left in the feed, indicating that feeding too much, may be oversaturated; if the dog in the empty food bowl continue to lick with their tongues, or look at the owner with anticipation, that is not full. Puppies should not be overfed, with 70% to 80% full is best. In addition, because the gastrointestinal tract of the puppy is still in the process of development, more attention should be paid to hygiene to prevent the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases.
Vaccines in the 50 days to 90 days old puppies should be injected three consecutive canine six vaccine, each interval of 30 days; more than 90 days of dog vaccination six vaccine should be injected two consecutively, each interval of 30 days, and then once a year vaccination.
The dog will bark if he leaves you, and in my experience, it's best to put him in a crate before going to sleep, and don't turn off the lights. Put a couple of kraft envelopes or dog chews in the cage for the pup to play and chew on, and the pup will naturally go to sleep when he's tired of playing. If necessary, you can turn on a radio next to you and tune it to an overnight program channel, so that the appropriate sound can put your puppy at ease.
If the puppy barks, the owner pretends not to know and lets it happen. Never let the owner go over to pamper the puppy when it barks, as this will give the puppy the feeling that the owner will come to pamper it as long as it barks. You should not reprimand your puppy for barking at night. Although the puppy will stop barking temporarily, it will make the puppy fearful of the owner and thus distrustful of the owner. Generally speaking, after 2-3 days, the puppy will gradually familiarize and adapt to the environment and stop barking at night.
Additionally, you have to take your time to let two dogs live together peacefully. Dogs come to please people, and if you treat one well, the other will become jealous. When you feed your two dogs, it's best to feed them separately, at regular intervals, so that each dog eats its own food.