Current location - Recipe Complete Network - Pregnant women's recipes - How many kinds of birds are there in China?
How many kinds of birds are there in China?
Birds in China are divided into six categories: swimming birds, wading birds, climbing birds, land birds, raptors and songbirds. These six categories are collectively called the six ecological groups of birds. More than 10,000 species have been found all over the world, and more than 400 species have been found in China. Although there are many kinds of birds, many birds are endangered. Let's take a look at the top ten rare birds in China with Xiaobian.

1, black stork

Black stork is a large wading bird with graceful posture, bright body color, agile activity and alert temperament. The adult bird has a body length of1-1.2m and a weight of 2-3kg; The mouth is long and thick, the head, neck and feet are very long, and the mouth and feet are red. The feathers on the body are all black except the chest and abdomen are pure white, which can reflect a variety of colors under different angles of light. Build a large nest on a tall tree or rock, and its head and neck will be straight when flying.

It lives on fish and preys on other small animals. Inhabits along rivers and near streams in swampy mountain areas, and has the habit of using old nests. The breeding season is from April to July, and the nest is built in a remote place with little human interference. Black storks are mostly migratory birds, only resident birds in Spain, and only a few wintered in western Africa through the Strait of Gibraltar. In addition, the populations bred in South Africa do not migrate, but only spread to the surrounding areas after the breeding period. It is the national bird of Belarus.

On August 20 19, the black stork, an endangered bird under national first-class protection, appeared in the Bayinbuluke grassland wetland in Xinjiang.

2. Zhu Xi

The crested ibis was called ibis and red ibis in ancient times, and it is endemic to East Asia. Medium-sized, with white body feathers, a long willow-shaped feather crown on the back pillow, and a bright red skin from the forehead to the cheek; During the breeding period, the gray pigment secreted from the neck muscles is continuously pecked by the beak and smeared on the head, neck, upper back and wings to make it gray-black.

Habitat in the open forest area at an altitude of 1200- 1400 meters, wading in nearby streams, swamps and rice fields, strolling for aquatic animals such as small fish, crabs, frogs and snails, and eating insects; Rest and stay overnight on tall trees; Stay in birds and wander in small groups to low mountains and plains in autumn and winter; Nesting started from April to May, and one nest was bred every year, with 2-4 eggs laid in each nest. Parents hatched and brooded. The incubation period was about 30 days, and they left the nest in 40 days. The sexual maturity was 3 years old, and the longest record was 37 years.

Once widely distributed in eastern China, Japan, Russia, North Korea and other places, the population declined sharply due to environmental deterioration and other factors. By the 1980s, there were only seven wild populations in the southern foot of Qinling Mountains in Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province, China, and after artificial breeding, the population reached 200 (2008).

3. Red-crowned crane

Red-crowned crane is a kind of crane, a large wading bird with a body length of 120- 160 cm. The neck and feet are long, the whole body is mostly white, the top of the head is bright red, the throat and neck are black, the ears to the headrest are white, the feet are black, the neck and tail feathers and feet are black when standing, the top of the head is red, and the rest are all white; When flying, only the secondary and tertiary flight feathers, as well as the neck and feet, are all black, and the rest are all white, with extremely obvious characteristics and easy identification. The young bird's head and neck are brown, and its body feathers are white and maroon.

Often paired or married ethnic groups and small groups. In migration season and winter, several or dozens of family groups often form larger groups. Sometimes there are as many as 40-50 clusters, or even more than 100. However, when they are active, they are still scattered into small groups or family groups in a certain area. At night, they mostly inhabit shallows surrounded by water or on the edge of reed ponds, and mainly feed on the stems, leaves, tubers, bulbs and fruits of fish, shrimp, aquatic insects, mollusks, tadpoles, nereis, clams, snails and aquatic plants. Distributed in northeast China, east Mongolia, east bank of Russian Ussuri River, North Korea, South Korea and Hokkaido.

4. Yellow-bellied pheasant

Yellow-bellied pheasant, also known as horned chicken and ostrich, is about 50 (female) to 65 (male) cm long. On the other hand, the male bird is chestnut brown with pale yellow spots with black edges. The top of the head is black, with black and chestnut red feathers. Flying feathers are black and brown with brown spots. The lower body is almost pure brown, because the abdominal feathers are yellow, so it is named "yellow-bellied pheasant". There are gorgeous meat skirts and turquoise meat horns composed of turquoise blue and vermilion, which are displayed to females during estrus. Female birds are mostly brown with black, brown and white fine lines, with black spots scattered on the upper body and white spots on the lower body.

It is a special bird in China, mainly distributed in Zhejiang, and also distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi. The food is mainly the fruits of ferns. Up to 20 13, the only protected area of yellow-bellied pheasant in China was Wuyanling National Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province.

5, black-necked crane

Black-necked crane is a large wading bird with a body length of11kloc-0/20cm and a weight of 4-6kg. The neck and feet are even long, with gray feathers, black head, front neck and flying feathers, dark red eyes and bare skin in front of the head, and brown and black tail feathers. On the top of its head, the feathers of the third-level flight feathers are scattered, surpassing the primary flight feathers when the wings are closed. The iris is yellow-brown, the mouth is red, the tip is yellow, and the legs and feet are grayish brown.

Inhabited in marshes, lakes and floodplains of the plateau at an altitude of 2,500-5,000 meters, they often move in groups in other seasons, especially in wintering areas in winter, and often integrate dozens of large groups. It mainly feeds on plant leaves, rhizomes, sparganium sibiricum, tubers, algae, corn and sand. It breeds in Ladakh, China, Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu and northern Sichuan, and overwinters in northeastern India, southern Tibet in China, Guizhou and Yunnan. It is the only crane in the world that grows and breeds on the plateau.

6. White Crane

The white crane is a large wading bird, slightly smaller than the red-crowned crane, with a body length of 130- 140 cm. When standing, the whole body is white, the chest and forehead are bright red, and the mouth and feet are dark red; When flying, the tip of the wing is black and the rest of the feathers are white. The iris is brown, and the mouth and feet are dark red. The 2 nd instar feet turn red, and the 3 rd instar mouth turns red.

Habitat in open plains swamp grassland, tundra swamp and large lake rock edge and shallow swamp area. Often alone, in pairs and married groups, migration season and winter festival often integrate dozens or even hundreds of large groups, especially in the middle of migration stops and wintering places. It mainly feeds on stems and tubers of plants such as Sophora alopecuroides, POTAMOGETON POTAMOGETON, Carex, and Eleocharis tuberosa, and also eats leaves and buds of aquatic plants and a small amount of animal foods such as mussels, snails, mollusks, insects and crustaceans. China, Indian, Iranian, Afghan and Japanese.

On September 28th, 20 19, the 15th meeting of the Standing Committee of Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress was closed. The meeting voted and passed the Decision of the Standing Committee of Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress on Determining the White Crane as a "Provincial Bird" in Jiangxi Province, and decided that the White Crane was a bird in Jiangxi Province.

7. Chinese merganser

Chinese merganser is a bird of the genus Merganser, commonly known as Merganser squamata, which is endemic to China. Its mouth is flat on the side and its front end is pointed out, which is different from other species of duck family with a flat beak. Mouth and legs and feet are red. The head and upper back of male ducks are black, and the lower back, waist and tail are covered with white feathers; There are white wing mirrors on the wings; The long feathers on the top of the head stretch back into a double crown. There are black fish-scale markings on the flank feathers.

Rapidly flowing rivers in forest areas, sometimes in open lakes. In pairs or in families. Diving for fish. It is distributed in Siberia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Hebei and south of the Yangtze River in Chinese mainland, and mainly inhabits streams, valleys, meadows, ponds and grasslands in broad-leaved forests or mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests. The type origin of this species is in China.

8. Red-necked Crane

Red-necked crane is a large wading bird, which is divided into three subspecies. The hind toe is small and high, so it can't be held against the first three toes, so it can't live in trees; The feathers of the whole body are generally light gray, and the adult bird's neck is exposed with red skin. The primary flight feathers and primary flight feathers are black, and the white and slender inner flight feathers vertically cover the tail. The mouth is gray-green and the feet are pink. Habitat in grassy plains, paddy fields, swamps and wetlands and forest edges. Feed on the roots and tubers of rice and aquatic plants, as well as fish and frogs. Breeding in July-1February, nesting in the clustered plants in the swamp area, made of stems and leaves of aquatic plants. Each nest lays 2 eggs, green or pink and white, with brown and purple spots. The females hatch eggs, and the males guard them. The incubation period is 30 days, and the chicks are taken care of by both parents. Distributed in India, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Australia and China, Yingjiang and Xishuangbanna.

9, golden eagle

The golden eagle belongs to the raptor of the genus Caryopteris. It has a body length of 76-102 cm, a wingspan of 2.3 meters and a weight of 2-6.5 kg. Androgyny; When not growing, the head and neck are yellow and brown; Except for the outermost three wings, the base of the two wings is decorated with white, and the rest of the body is dark brown; The tail of the feather is grayish white, and the end of the feather is black; Adult birds have no white wings and tails, and the feather color on the top of their heads turns golden brown. Its legs and claws are all covered with feathers.

Habitat in alpine grasslands, deserts, river valleys and forest areas, and often go to mountainous hills and plains at the foot of mountains in winter, with the highest altitude of more than 4000 meters. Generally live in mountainous or hilly areas, especially in the cliffs of valleys and nesting in the protrusions of mountain walls. Famous for its agile and powerful flight; Feeding on large and medium-sized birds and mammals. Distributed in temperate zone, sub-frigid zone and frigid zone of the northern hemisphere.

10, brown eared pheasant

Brown-eared pheasant is a rare bird in China, with a body height of about 60 cm, a body length of 1- 1.2 m and a weight of 5 kg. Its whole body is dark brown, its head and neck are gray-black, and its head is crowned with short velvet and black feathers. Its face and cheeks are bare and featherless, showing a bright red color, and its tail stands high. Short wings, bad at flying, strong legs, good at running.

Brown eared pheasant mainly inhabits forest areas dominated by Larix principis-rupprechtii and spruce, and mixed forests of Larix principis-rupprechtii, spruce, poplar and birch. Only found in Shanxi, China, Northwest Hebei, Huanglong Mountain in Shaanxi and Dongling Mountain in Beijing. 1987 There were only a few hundred wild populations. According to the literature report in 2009, the number of wild brown-eared pheasants in China was about 17900. It is listed as a national first-class protected animal in China.

There will be a day when people will die, so letting go of endangered animals is also letting go of ourselves. The bat incident in 2020 illustrates this point. So, let's take nature as our home, be close to animals, * * * care for our home, and * * * create a harmonious blue sky!