Health care knowledge of children
Dental care
Tooth development depends on two stages: first, from the fetal period of 2 months to birth, which is the development period of deciduous teeth; Second, from birth to 8 years old, it is the period of permanent tooth formation. In these two stages, it is advisable to arrange more soy products, milk, fish and shrimp and various vegetables to ensure strong and solid teeth and less gum disease. In addition, get in touch with the sun, brush your teeth and rinse your mouth frequently. Correcting bad habits such as "eating fingers", "biting lips" and "licking tongue" is also the key to dental care.
Language development
There are two kinds of languages: spoken language and written language. The critical period of children's oral language development is 2-3 years old, and 4-5 years old enters the decisive stage of written language development. Babies usually learn babbling from 8 to 9 months, and 1 year-old can master 900 ~1000 words, which develops rapidly. In this issue, Ying Qin talked with him and taught him to read, so as to enhance his reciting ability and dialogue ability, and get ready for school.
Prevention and treatment of stuttering
Stuttering, commonly known as "stuttering", mostly occurs between 2 and 5 years old, so 2 to 5 years old is the best age to prevent and treat the disease. The measures include: paying attention to language training for children to master more vocabulary and enhance their expressive ability; Parents themselves should pay attention to language expression and give children a correct learning example.
remedy sb's strabismus
When healthy children are examined at the age of 2 ~ 3, amblyopia and strabismus can be found as early as possible for early correction. The secret is that the key age of children's vision development is1~ 3 years old. Taking esotropia as an example, a group of surgical treatment data showed that all patients who underwent surgery over 2 years old had different degrees of visual impairment.
Prevention of myopia
The research shows that the years of10 ~13 years old are the peak of myopia, so we should take precautions from the following aspects: first, supplement nutrition, besides protein and vitamins, elements such as calcium and chromium have been proved to be essential substances for eyeball development, and milk, bean products, animal liver and beef are also essential foods for children; The second is to limit sugar, which is an acidic food, which can consume calcium in the body and induce myopia; Third, get enough sleep to maintain the functional balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves; Fourth, do more exercise, such as flying kites, kicking shuttlecocks, playing table tennis and other sports activities to promote blood supply and metabolism of eye tissues.
Children's health care knowledge in summer
1. In summer, the weather is hot, bacteria multiply quickly, and food is easily contaminated after being put on hold. If children eat it by mistake, it will cause serious gastrointestinal diseases.
2. Children wear thin clothes in summer and are easy to move. Curiosity makes them like scratching, and bacteria will be brought into the digestive tract unconsciously through contaminated hands and articles, thus causing gastrointestinal diseases.
3. The days are long and the nights are short in summer, and the sleep time is reduced; The hot weather leads to decreased appetite, reduced food intake, and eating more light foods, which leads to insufficient intake of protein and decreased resistance.
4. Children are in the stage of growth and development, and all the nutrients they need are absorbed by the digestive tract, which is heavily burdened and prone to digestive dysfunction.
5. Children's digestive tract is underdeveloped, with less gastric acid and digestive enzyme secretion, lower digestive enzyme activity, and poor digestion ability for food, which can't adapt to the great changes in food substance and quantity.
Common sense of infant health care knowledge
First, avoid catching cold:
There are many cold waves in winter, and the temperature changes greatly. Children are prone to catch cold and catch a cold, which often causes many serious diseases, such as myocarditis, lobar pneumonia and acute nephritis. Therefore, children should be kept warm in winter to avoid catching cold.
Second, protect the skin:
Winter is cold and dry, children's skin loses more water, sebaceous glands secrete less, and the skin is prone to dryness and itching. Let children eat more vegetables and fruits, drink more boiled water, wash their hands, feet and face with hot water, and apply skin cream appropriately.
Third, pay attention to the room temperature:
The suitable temperature for human body in winter is 18 degrees Celsius. If it is higher than 23 degrees Celsius, people will feel dizzy and tired. In addition, if the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, it is easy to catch a cold.
Fourth, get more sunshine:
Ultraviolet rays in sunlight can kill viruses and bacteria on the surface of human body, help children absorb calcium and phosphorus, and enhance the body's disease resistance. In addition, sunlight can also increase the oxygen content of red blood cells and enhance the thermoregulation of the skin, as well as enhance the activity function of the nervous system and the physique of young children.
Five, don't sit cold:
In winter, the temperature on the ground is very low, and when children sit on it, a lot of heat in their bodies will be lost and they will easily catch a cold. When winter comes, don't take your child outdoors for fear of freezing. In good weather, you should go out to play more, and take him to the park to bask in the sun as long as it is sunny. On the one hand, it promotes calcium absorption, on the other hand, it breathes fresh air outside the house. In winter, around noon when the sun is calm, you can take a walk outdoors for about 20-30 minutes.
Precautions for children's health care knowledge
Open up a world for children to play at home, put on his toys and books, let him move freely and happily, often open the window for air, add and subtract clothes in time, take off your coat when sleeping, cover it with a warm and breathable quilt, and use a vest-type sleeping bag at night to prevent the quilt from catching cold.
Pay attention to warm-keeping facilities. The room temperature that is most suitable for children is about 25 degrees Celsius. It is best to have a thermometer at home to observe the temperature changes at any time. Don't point the warm air port of the air conditioner or heater directly at the baby, and it's best to open the closed window every two or three hours to let the air circulate properly. In addition, using air conditioner or heater will make the air dry, so it is best to put a glass of water nearby to keep the humidity.
When the temperature is low in winter, children have less opportunities to play outdoors, and are prone to vitamin D deficiency, colds and excessive internal heat. Children should be given cod liver oil and increased diet nutrition to improve their resistance. If you have already got angry, you can take drugs to get rid of the fire, such as Radix Isatidis and Taiji Pills, or you can cook porridge with fresh lilies and add some rock sugar, which is delicious and fails the fire. Drink more sparerib soup, chicken soup, fish soup and other soups to enhance resistance and play a role in preventing colds. Insist on washing your face with cold water every morning, open the window frequently for air, and keep the indoor air fresh, which is very good for your baby's health.
In winter, the climate is dry, and the baby's skin is very delicate. Besides drinking more water and eating more fruits and vegetables, suitable skin care products are also very important. The winter climate is characterized by low temperature, low air humidity, more northerly winds and frequent cold air activities. There are many opportunities for the ears, nose and mouth of the human head and face to come into contact with the air, so it is easy to produce some lesions if you don't pay attention to protection.
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