In order to study the As content of soil and vegetables in the major vegetable fields in Fuzhou City and its health risk, 98 soil samples from the cultivated layer of vegetable fields in the suburbs and neighboring counties of Fuzhou City and 111 vegetable samples were collected, and the arsenic content was determined by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The results showed that the soil As content in vegetable fields in Fuzhou City ranged from 1.16 to 26.94 mg/kg, with an average of 6.02 mg/kg, and the regional distribution of soil As was as follows: Mawei Development Zone> Lianjiang County> Jin'an District> Changle City> Minhou County, and the As content in vegetable fields ranged from nd to 0.0575 mg/kg, with an average value of 0.0080 mg/kg. The potential health risk of arsenic in vegetables to some populations in Fuzhou City, China, was higher in leeks, pea shoots, ginger and corns, and weaker in purple shoots, sugar beet, spinach, winter chilly, garlic, Chinese cabbage and most of the root and tuberous vegetables, melons and fruits. ...... In order to investigate the effects of arsenic (As) in soil on the fresh weight, plant height and biomass of common leafy vegetables at different concentrations, 10 common leafy vegetables were selected, including Suzhou green rape, light-stemmed coriandrum, large-leafed spinach, knotty lettuce, solid celery, large-leafed cabbage, red amaranth, seasonal cabbage, high-yield oilseed rape, and high yielding oilseed rape, which were all grown in different regions of China. In the pot experiment, three kinds of exogenous As concentrations were set in Tianjin tidal soil and Jiangxi red soil. The results showed that the biomass of the 10 leafy vegetables changed to different degrees with different concentrations of As. In both the tidal soil and the red soil, the effect of As concentration on spinach was the most significant, and its biomass decreased with the increase of As concentration; the toxicity to the leafy vegetables was the greatest in the treatment of the high concentration; and in the tidal soil, the low concentration of As also had a certain effect of stimulating the growth of the leafy vegetables. The As content in spinach, amaranth and Chinese cabbage exceeded the limit value at the lower concentration of As. At the higher concentration of As, the As content in tidal soil exceeded the limit value except for celery, oilseed rape and leek, whereas the As content in red soil did not exceed the limit value except for spinach, lettuce, amaranth and Chinese cabbage. From the enrichment coefficients, spinach, amaranth and Chinese cabbage had higher enrichment coefficients, up to 0.007,4, while celery and oleander had poorer enrichment ability, down to 0.000,26. Therefore, spinach, amaranth and Chinese cabbage had stronger enrichment ability of As and should be avoided as much as possible in the As-contaminated soil; while oleander, celery and leek had poorer enrichment ability and could be planted in the As-contaminated soil without serious contamination. They can be planted in places where As pollution is not serious.