The technical guide for raising native chicken introduces that native chicken is a special broiler chicken in China, commonly known as Chai Chicken, Grass Chicken, Stupid Chicken or Native Chicken. These local varieties or populations have strong adaptability and disease resistance, rough feeding tolerance, convenient grazing, certain wildness and good reproductive performance. Its unique meat quality, such as excellent meat quality, unique flavor, thin skin, tender meat and fine bones, is incomparable to other commercial broilers. Native chicken has a unique shape, light, delicate and symmetrical, with feathers close to the body, head held high, thin shin, hairy legs and graceful posture. There are various crowns, such as single crown, bean crown, rose crown, walnut crown, strawberry crown and mulberry crown. Feather colors are rich and colorful, including yellow feather, hemp feather, Kuroha, gray feather and reed feather. Skin is white, yellow, black, etc. The colors of tibia are black, cyan, white, red, yellow, blue and green.
Summary of technical guidelines for raising native chickens Chapter II Native chicken varieties
China has a vast territory and diverse terrain. After thousands of years of long-term selection and cultivation by working people, many unique local varieties have been formed. According to the national variety resources survey, there are 64 local chicken breeds in China. Many famous chicken breeds in the world have the blood of China chicken. Therefore, high-quality local chicken breeds in China have a great influence on the breeding of world-famous chicken breeds. In recent years, high-quality native chicken has gradually occupied a dominant position in the development of China's broiler industry, especially high-quality native chicken varieties with certain characteristics, such as green-footed chicken, ma-feather chicken and black-bone chicken, which sell well in large and small cities. This paper briefly introduces the main high-quality native chicken varieties in China.
First, Huiyang bearded chicken
Huiyang bearded chicken, also known as san huang bearded chicken, is native to Huiyang County, Guangdong Province, with Huiyang, Boluo, Zijin, Longmen and Huidong as the main producing areas. Huiyang Hu chicken has a deep chest and a short back, a plump hindquarters and a square body. The head is slightly larger, the beak is yellow, the single crown is upright and bright red, there is no or only small drooping meat, and there are developed and open feathers under the jaw, which look like a beard. ? The beard is ivory, light yellow and brown Huang San. The whole body feathers are dark yellow and light yellow. Cock neck feather, saddle feather and sickle feather are golden yellow, and the main feather tail is divided into brown, yellow and black, with black being the majority. Adult cock weighs 2-2.5kg, and hen weighs1.5-2 kg; 12-week-old rooster's average weight 1 140g, hen's average weight 845g, Huiyang Hu chicken started to lay eggs around 6 months old, with an annual egg production of about1/kloc-0 and an average egg weight of 46g.
Second, Qingyuan Maji
Qingyuan Maji is produced in Qingyuan County, Guangdong Province. The body characteristics of Qingyuan partridge chicken can be summarized as? A wedge? 、? Hill? 、? Three hemp bodies? . ? A wedge? Refers to the hen's body is wedge-shaped, with compact forequarters and large hindquarters; ? Hill? Thin fingers and thin feet; ? Three hemp bodies? Refers to the hen's back feathers are ephedra, hemp brown, hemp brown. Single crown upright, bright red. The meat is drooping and the ears are bright red. The rainbow is orange and yellow. Rooster has a strong constitution, well-proportioned structure, moderate head size, golden yellow head and neck and back feathers, black chest feathers, belly feathers, tail feathers and main wing feathers, and yellow short hair on feet. The shin toes are short and thin and yellow. Adult cock weighs1.7-2.8kg, and hen weighs1.3-2.5kg. Hens lay 70-80 eggs a year, with an average egg weight of 46.6g and light brown eggshells.
Third, Taoyuan Chicken
Taoyuan chicken originated in Taoyuan County, Hunan Province. Taoyuan chicken is tall, strong, fluffy, slightly longer and rectangular. The rooster's posture is very spectacular. Brave and aggressive, with high head and neck and upturned tail feathers. The hen is a little tall, lively and active, with a long, straight back, a deep circle and almost a square. Single crown, cock crown upright, hen crown leaning to one side, ear mesophyll hanging bright red. The rainbow is golden. The cock's body feathers are golden yellow or red, the main wing feathers and tail feathers are black, and the cockscomb feathers are golden yellow or black spots. There are two colors of hen feathers: yellow and hemp. Beak and tibia are blue-gray, and the skin is white. Adult roosters weigh 2.7-3.9 kg, hens weigh 2.5-3.3 kg, and hens lay 86- 148 eggs at 500 days old, with an average egg weight of 53.4 g and light brown eggshells.
Introduction to the technical guide for raising native chickens Compared with large-scale white feather broilers abroad, local chickens have always been welcomed by domestic and foreign markets, and the breeding and utilization of local chicken breeds has always been an important content of poultry breeding and production in China. Before the 1980s, the production of native chicken was mainly carried out in the way of self-reproduction and self-support by thousands of households in rural areas, with a low degree of scale and commercialization. In the middle and late 1980s, with the reform and opening up and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, there was an increasing demand for native chicken. Chicken production in China was originally aimed at the demand of Guangdong, Guangxi, especially Hong Kong and Macao markets. After the development in recent years, it has gradually extended to the northern and foreign markets, and the annual output of high-quality chickens has reached more than 3 billion.
Native chicken is a special kind of broiler chicken in China, commonly known as Chai Chicken, Grass Chicken, Stupid Chicken or Native Chicken. These local varieties or populations have strong adaptability and disease resistance, rough feeding tolerance and convenient grazing. It has certain wildness, good reproductive performance, excellent meat quality, unique flavor, thin skin and tender meat. The unique meat quality such as fine bone is incomparable to other commercial broilers. Native chicken has a unique shape, light, delicate and well-proportioned, with feathers close to the body, head held high, thin legs and graceful posture. There are various crowns, such as single crown, bean crown, rose crown, walnut crown, strawberry crown and mulberry crown. Feather colors are rich and colorful, including yellow feather, hemp feather, Kuroha, gray feather and reed feather. The skin is white, yellow and black; The colors of tibia are black, cyan, white, red, yellow, blue and green. However, under the condition of long-term farmers' scattered feeding, chicken production lacks scientific and systematic feeding, which leads to low egg production, slow growth in the early stage, high feed consumption, unsatisfactory fattening effect and poor uniformity. In order to overcome its shortcomings and give full play to the excellent quality of native chickens, Chinese poultry breeders adopt the hybrid matching technology of modern poultry breeding, and use local varieties, recessive white feather broilers and red feather broilers to produce hybrid matching products, so that native chickens have a certain growth rate and the appearance characteristics of local varieties.
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