Winter construction has always been a key and difficult point in the construction process. For winter construction, each construction project will formulate a detailed construction plan. The following is an introduction to the winter construction plan brought by Construction Network for reference.
Winter Construction Plan
1. General Principles
1. Purpose
The winter period is approaching. In order to achieve the construction period promised to the owner, we must not Affected by the negative temperature climate, we have successfully completed the tasks assigned by the owner and passed the long winter smoothly and safely. In order to obtain better technical and economic results, we have specially prepared a winter construction plan for this project. We hope that the project department, construction team, and various operation teams will Implement it carefully.
2. Winter period division
(1) When entering winter, the average temperature for 5 consecutive days is stable below 5℃, then the first day of these 5 days is the first day of winter construction. When the temperature gradually warms up, and the daily average temperature in the last 5 days stabilizes above 5°C, the last day in the 5 days will be the last day of winter construction.
(2) According to the statistics of the Central Meteorological Bureau, the winter in Xiaoyi area is defined as November 20 to March 17 of the following year. According to surveys, the lowest temperature in recent years is -14℃ or so.
3. Projects for winter construction in this bid section
According to the current project progress, the equipment installation, process pipeline manufacturing and installation, sandblasting and anti-corrosion, electrical engineering, and instrumentation engineering of the following projects are in Construction is carried out in winter: conversion section, fine desulfurization section, methanol distillation section, and air compressor station. The construction works of the following projects are carried out in winter: the main body and decoration of the air compressor station section, the decoration and ground of the conversion, fine desulfurization, and methanol distillation sections, etc.
2. Preparations for winter construction
1. Strengthen winter construction education for employees. According to the characteristics of winter construction, carry out winter construction education for all employees in a targeted manner, and correctly handle winter construction. Understand the characteristics, ensure project quality, and achieve safe production.
2. Be prepared for material supply: Before winter construction, the materials needed in winter should be effectively implemented, and a plan for winter construction materials and equipment should be proposed in a timely manner. The materials department should issue cold protection supplies according to the labor insurance system.
3. Do a good job in winter construction safety and technical clarification: The project manager is the first person in charge of quality and safety and must pay attention to safety and technical clarification. The content of safety technical briefing mainly includes explaining tasks to construction personnel, explaining construction methods, quality requirements, winter construction safety precautions and preventive and remedial measures, etc. Communicate information at all levels, reaching everyone in the team.
4. Do a good job in inspection of winter construction: After the preparations for winter construction are basically completed, relevant personnel should be organized to comprehensively inspect the preparations for winter construction projects. Any problems found should be rectified in a timely manner without leaving any hidden dangers.
5. Arrange special personnel to conduct temperature observations and keep records, and listen to weather forecasts in a timely manner to prevent cold waves.
3. Technical measures for major engineering projects
1. Hoisting and transportation projects
(1) All vehicle machinery should replace lubricating oil according to the local climate conditions in winter and fuel.
(2) All vehicle machinery should be operated in accordance with the instruction manuals and operating specifications of the relevant categories.
(3) Mechanical equipment and vehicles should be filled with antifreeze according to usage requirements. Carefully check the tightness of the system before filling. Different types of antifreeze cannot be mixed.
(4) Preheat the vehicle before starting. When water-cooled vehicles are parked for a long time, the water should be drained and hot water should be added to preheat when in use. For cranes, bulldozers and other machinery, it is best to preheat them before use after being stopped for a long time.
(5) After the vehicle is started, warm up for a period of time, then start in first gear, drive out in second gear for a certain distance, and then gradually accelerate. After starting, the machine should be operated without load for a period of time before driving. Load work.
(6) After the vehicle machinery stops working at night, the windshield and exposed main engine parts should be covered with straw mats.
2. Electrical and instrumentation engineering
(1) When the ambient temperature is lower than 0℃, no electrical or instrumentation engineering work shall be carried out. Otherwise, the transformer should be heated to a temperature 10% higher than the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is below 5℃ and the project is in a hurry, try to raise it to above 5℃. Check or test again after 24 hours.
(2) Cable heating
The surface temperature during heating shall not exceed the following regulations:
Cables below 3KV: 40℃
6- 10KV cable: 30℃
20-35KV cable: 25℃
When there is an insulated shed, it needs to be stored continuously for three days and nights when the temperature in the shed is 5-10℃, and above 25℃ Store for one to two days and nights. The heated cable should be laid as soon as possible, and the laying time generally does not exceed one hour.
(3) Production of cable heads: Epoxy resin cold pouring must be constructed above 15°C. Therefore, when making and seasoning, an electric furnace should be used for on-site heating or in an insulation shed, and the pouring material must also be Bake in an oven at around 30℃ for more than 24 hours.
(4) Cable laying: When laying plastic pipe ropes, preheating should be performed when the ambient temperature is lower than 15°C. Copper-covered plastic pipes and cables should be laid above 50°C.
(5) Adjustment of electrical appliances, instruments and equipment must be carried out in an air-conditioned environment of 20℃.
(6) The installation joints of electrical and instrument cables must be cleaned, and the welding of conductive busbars must be carried out in an environment above 10°C.
(7) Electrical and instrument equipment must not be corroded by wind, snow or rain during installation. The installation of protective pipes for electrical and instrument equipment is the same as the installation requirements for pipelines.
3. Process pipelines
(1) During the hydraulic pressure test of the valve, accumulated water must be eliminated and wiped clean. The valve port must be closed and properly kept.
(2) When the pipe is welded below 5℃, it should be preheated, and the temperature shall be determined by the technician according to the material according to the welding specifications. After welding, thermal insulation heat treatment is performed to prevent cracks.
(3) After the hydraulic pressure test and water flushing of the pipeline system, the accumulated water in the pipeline must be drained.
(4) When the pipeline is welded with argon arc welding and the wind speed is greater than 4.5m/s, a welding protective shed must be installed. When the pipeline is welded in the protective shed, if the ambient humidity exceeds the standard, it can be installed A wet machine or iodine lamp is used to reduce the relative humidity. During the welding process of various types of pipes, measures should be taken to prevent the inside of the pipe from becoming an air duct.
(5) During the hydraulic pressure test of the pipeline, anti-freeze measures should be taken when the ambient humidity is below 5°C, and the water should be drained in time after the pressure test.
4. Equipment installation project
(1) When cleaning the equipment, remove dirt, ice and snow, and drain away the accumulated water during the hydraulic test. At the same time, facilities must be provided to withstand wind, rain, and snow. .
(2) The equipment anchor bolt holes must be cleared of debris, mud, water, ice and snow, and the grouting layer must be carried out in accordance with the technical requirements of the corresponding civil engineering projects. The grouting layer must be covered with interlayer bags for maintenance.
(3) Anti-slip measures must be taken when transporting lifting equipment on steel structures.
5. Temporary measures
(1) Anti-freezing of water pipes: Temporary water sources used at construction sites and processing workshops, horizontal water pipes exposed on the ground should be covered with soil and buried, and vertical water pipes should be covered with soil. Wrap it with straw rope and apply cement, paper and plaster. After the rubber water pipe is empty, the remaining water must be turned upside down, and the two ends of the pipe should be placed in the middle and hung down.
(2) Renovation of temporary buildings: Tool rooms, processing rooms, operation rooms, temporary canteens, etc. need to be renovated and insulated.
(3) Insulation of fire-fighting water buckets: Fire-fighting water buckets must be insulated and anti-freeze, fire-fighting buckets must be hung next to fire-fighting water buckets, and misappropriation is strictly prohibited.
(4) Protection of the fire extinguisher: The fire extinguisher must be buried in a sawdust box or wrapped with a rope and covered with an insulating bag. At the same time, pay attention to taking measures to prevent rain and snow.
6. Measurement of ambient temperature
(1) Each construction point should set temperature points according to different construction environments, and relevant personnel should measure and keep records.
(2) It is a construction temperature measurement and should be measured every 4 hours, day and night, on time.
7. For test-run projects, take drainage and anti-freeze measures after parking to ensure the safety of the complete set of equipment.
8. Furnace building project
Building industrial furnaces in winter should be carried out in a heating environment. The temperature at the working place and around the masonry should not be lower than 5℃.
(1) Refractory materials and prefabricated blocks should be preheated to above 0℃ before masonry. The temperature of clay refractory castables, water glass refractory castables and phosphate refractory castables during construction should not be lower than 10°C.
(2) For the maintenance of cement refractory castables, heat storage method or heating method can be used. The temperature of the heated Portland cement refractory castable shall not exceed 80°C; the temperature of the heated high-alumina cement refractory castable shall not exceed 30°C.
(3) Dry heat method should be used for the maintenance of clay, water glass and phosphate refractory castables. The temperature of heated water glass refractory castables shall not exceed 60℃.
(4) No chemical accelerator should be added to refractory castables.
(5) The water used to prepare refractory castables can be heated. The heating temperature is: the water temperature of Portland cement refractory castables should not exceed 60°C, and the water temperature of high alumina cement refractory castables should not exceed 30°C. ℃. Cement must not be heated directly and should be transported to a greenhouse for storage before use.
(5) When spraying paint, in addition to heating the aggregate and water before loading into the mixer, insulation measures should also be taken for the spray pipe, water pipe and the shell of the furnace (or pipe) being sprayed.
(6) During winter construction, special construction records should be made, which should indicate the temperature of the outside air, the temperature around the working place and lining, the temperature in the greenhouse of heating materials, and the refractory pouring temperature during mixing, use and maintenance of materials, spray coatings and slurries.
IV. Winter construction safety measures
1. Fire prevention
(1) Heating facilities in dormitories, offices, lounges and other places should comply with fire prevention requirements , the use of electric stoves is strictly prohibited.
(2) For work sheds and other facilities built with flammable materials on site, special attention should be paid to fire prevention. For places with water sources, dedicated personnel should be on duty and a sufficient amount of fire prevention equipment should be installed.
(3) For lighting bulbs, the lamp holder must be separated from flammable materials, and no wires may be left on the base.
(4) After the snowstorm, on-site electrical repair personnel should clean and inspect power supply lines, switches and other facilities. Electrical equipment such as welders and winches used in the open air should be protected from snow and rain.
(5) The wooden boards, linoleum, oil paper, plastic and other flammable materials in the box should be cleaned up in time and placed in the designated place.
(6) Oxygen and acetylene cylinders should be placed in independent, unheated, dry and naturally ventilated warehouses.
(7) Cleaning equipment and oil for test runs should be stored away from fire sources.
(8) It is prohibited to use open flames for heating at construction sites, and fireworks are prohibited in warehouses and other important places.
(9) Sufficient fire-fighting equipment and equipment should be installed in the construction site according to different locations, and fire-fighting water tanks and water pipes should be insulated.
2. Anti-slip and anti-traffic accidents
(1) Scaffolding, escalators, operating platforms and tank top operating sites must be kept free of snow and ice. If there is slight freezing, The work required must be paved with non-slip materials, such as sand, sawdust, straw bags, etc.
(2) Various lifting equipment must have complete braking devices and spreader ropes must be kept clean and frost-free, and anti-slip measures must be taken for strapping equipment.
(3) When driving on snowy and icy terrain, the vehicle speed must be reduced, and emergency braking must be avoided when going up or downhill or turning.
(4) After the construction is completed, various automobiles or mechanical equipment should be parked on dry and hard ground. Parking on ice is strictly prohibited.
3. Anti-freeze and explosion-proof
(1) When working outdoors in winter, especially at high altitudes in cold weather, you should wear cold-proof clothing and a safety helmet to prevent numb hands and feet from freezing.
(2) Car drivers and machinery operators should drain the cooling water in the engine after closing the car every day.
(3) If the oxygen valve and pressure reducing valve are frozen, they can be thawed with hot water or steam. It is strictly forbidden to bake them with flames or hit them with iron tools.
(4) Oxygen bottles and acetylene bottles should be kept away from fire sources and moved gently.
(5) Measurement (Ingredients) Plan
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