Myrtle is the fruit of the myrtle plant RhodOmyrtustomentosa (Ait.) Hassk. also known as myrtle, jujube tree, jujube tree, Zhongni. Myrtle flowers bloom in the summer, bright as red, colorful; the flowering period is particularly long, April to September, while flowering and fruit. The mature fruit is a purple-black berry, edible, can also be brewed, is a natural food source for birds. It is an evergreen shrub used for landscaping, ecological environment construction, hillside re-greening and soil and water conservation. The fruit is edible, and the whole plant is used for medicinal purposes, with the effect of activating blood circulation, astringent and stopping diarrhea, tonifying the deficiency and stopping bleeding.

Chinese name: myrtle

Latin name: Rhodomyrtus tomentosa

Alias: Gangjian, Shanjian, Dolian, Danglian root, Shandanzai, Nimzi tree, Dou Nim, Zhongni, Wubiao

Boundary: Botanical

Organism: Gemini (Magnoliopsida)

Family: Myrtaceae

Genus: Myrtle (Rhodomyrtus)

Region of Distribution: produced in the southern provinces of China; mostly born in the hilly scrub and barren mountain meadows

Habitat: Prefer sunny, warm, humid environments

Habits: Acidic soil, tolerant of infertile soils

Habits: Usually, the soil is acid, and the soil is not very fertile

Habits: Usually, the soil is very dry, and the soil is not very acidic.

Habitat: Usually found sporadically in open forests on low mountain slopes

Catalog

Introduction

Morphology

Propagation

Daily management

Nutritional content

Gardening

Myrtle eating

Expanding

Introduction

Introduction

Morphological features

Propagation methods

Daily management

Nutritional composition

Gardening

Eating myrtle

Expand

Edit this paragraph Introduction

[1]

Dwarf evergreen shrubs, tropical plants, drought-resistant, born in red and yellow loamy soil on the hilly, the two areas extremely common. The area is extremely common. Flowering March-May, fruiting July-August, early fall, is Gang Nim fruit ripe season. Its fruit first green and yellow, yellow and red, red and purple. The fruit hangs like a small version of a wine glass, and there is a core in the fruit, which resembles a worm, and there are many seeds outside the core, and the flavor is exceptionally sweet. The jujube tree is the most important part of the jujube tree, and it is the most important part of the jujube tree, and it is the most important part of the jujube tree. And when jujube tree seeds are eaten in excess, you must drink a bowl of salt water, otherwise you will have difficulty in bowel movements the next day. The jujube tree is a small evergreen shrub in the Myrtaceae family, 0.5-2 meters high; the leaves are opposite, leathery, 3-6 centimeters long, 1.5-3 centimeters wide, pubescent underneath, with off-base ternary veins. Cymes axillary, with 1-3 flowers. Flowers purplish red, bracteoles 2, calyx lobes 5; petals 5; stamens numerous; ovary inferior, three-loculed. Berry.

The local Hakka people in Fengshun and Jiexi also call myrtle "dangmu", and there is a saying that "dangmu in August is as red as carbon".

The berry is spherical, 1.4 centimeters in diameter, dark purple. Myrtle fruit contains flavonoid glycosides, phenols, amino acids, organic acids, sugars and so on.

Edit this paragraph Morphological characteristics

Morphology

For dwarf evergreen shrubs, 1-2 m high, leaf opposite, petiole short, 4-6 mm, leaf leathery, elliptic or obovate, 3-6 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, apex obtuse, base cuneate, surface dark green, glabrous, abaxial gray-green, densely covered with hairs. Cymes axillary, flowers 1-3, about 2cm in diameter, red, pink, white, rose-red, like plum blossoms, hills, colorful. Young branches are often red, densely pilose. Bearing purple berries, berries spherical or ovate, covered with branches, up to 1.4cm in diameter, the top of the persistent sepals, nipple-like, sweet and edible, flowering May-July, fruiting July-September.

Distribution

Myrtle is widely distributed in Guangdong and Fujian in South China, mostly as a wild shrub, about 1 meter high, with opposite, ovate leaves. Flowers are solitary in the axils of the leaves and bloom from March to June. The fruit is a berry, green when immature, ripening in late July to late August, turning red or purple-black when ripe, the size of a finger, with red flesh when ripe and a sweet, edible flavor.

Edit paragraph propagation method

Transplantation cultivation method

Myrtle

Select the base of the new growth of sprouting strips, the leaves of the young saplings of dark green or light green. Seedling up when the root with soil clusters. After taking the seedlings, the roots (with soil mass) with plastic bag packing tie mouth moisturizing. Seedling specifications for each clump of young saplings to stay 3 to 5 trunks, each trunk at 30 to 50cm cut off, hit (cut) off most of the leaves, leaving only 5 to 10 half-leaf afforestation. Seedlings with soil mass. Reclamation of the land with holes, hole specifications for 60cm × 60crn × 50cm, row spacing of 2m × 2m, that is, the planting density of 2500 plants / hm2. If the hole dug out of the soil containing too much sand and gravel, backfill holes, the bottom of the hole is still backfilled with the original dug out of the soil, the hole of the upper part (tree planting layer) is filled with guest soil (does not contain sand and gravel, or containing sand and gravel less than 5% of the soil) of about 30kg. the top layer of guest soil when wet, or to wait for the rain to wet hole When the top layer of guest soil is wet or when it rains to moisten the hole, it can be planted.

Seed propagation method

Myrtle

Before sowing, first of all, we must select the seed, seed selection is good, directly related to the success of sowing. It is best to use the seeds harvested in the year. The longer the seeds are kept, the lower their germination rate. Choose seeds that are full of seeds, not mutilated or deformed, and free of pests and diseases. Families often use about 60 ℃ of hot water to disinfect the seeds for a quarter of an hour, and then use warm water to germinate for 12 to 24 hours. The best way to sterilize the substrate used for sowing is to put it into a pan and fry it hot, so that any pests or diseases can be scalded to death. Soak the seeds in warm water (about the same temperature as face wash) for 12 to 24 hours until they absorb the water and swell up. For very common seeds that germinate easily, this task can be left out. For the hand or other tools difficult to clip up the small seeds, you can wet the end of the toothpick with water, the seeds one by one on the surface of the substrate, covering the substrate 1 cm thick, and then put the seed pot into the water, the depth of the water for the height of the pot 1/2 to 2/3, let the water slowly soak up (this method is called "pot dip method"); for the hand or other tools can clip up the grain of the seed For larger seeds that can be picked up by hand or other tools, put the seeds directly into the substrate and sow them at a spacing of 3×5 centimeters. After sowing, cover the substrate with 2 to 3 times the thickness of the seed. After sowing, you can use a sprayer, fine hole sprinkler to drench the sowing substrate, and later when the potting soil is slightly dry, then drench again, still pay attention to the watering strength can not be too large, so as not to wash up the seeds;

Management after sowing: in the late fall, early spring or winter after sowing, when encountering a cold snap and low temperatures, you can use a plastic film to wrap the pot, in order to facilitate the heat preservation and moisturizing; after the seedling emerges from the ground, you should timely unveil the film, and in the Every morning before 9:30, or in the afternoon after 3:30 to let the seedlings to receive the sun's light, otherwise the seedlings will grow very soft; most of the seeds out of the flush, need to be appropriate inter-seedling: the diseased, unhealthy growth of seedlings to pull out, so that the seedlings left behind each other have a certain amount of space; when the majority of the seedlings have grown three or more than three leaves can be transplanted.

Cuttings propagation method

To take shoot cuttings, in late spring to early fall when the plant is growing vigorously,

myrtle

choose the current year's sturdy branches as the spike. After cutting the branches, select the strong parts, cut into a section of 5 to 15 centimeters long, each section should be with more than 3 leaf nodes. When cutting the scion, it should be noted that the upper cut is cut flat at about 1 centimeter above the top leaf node, and the lower cut is cut diagonally at about 0.5 centimeters below the bottom leaf node, and both the upper and lower cuts should be flat (the knife should be sharp). For hardwood cuttings, select robust branches for spikes in early spring when temperatures rise. Each section of the spike usually retains 3 to 4 nodes, cut in the same way as the shoot cuttings.

Edit this section of the daily management

Humidity: like humid climate environment, requires the growth of the environment of the air relative temperature of 70 ~ 80%, the relative humidity of the air is too low, the lower leaves yellowing, fall off, the upper leaves are not glossy.

Temperature: because it is native to the tropics, like high temperature and high humidity environment, so the winter temperature requirements are very strict, when the ambient temperature below 10 ℃ to stop growing, in the frost appeared can not be safe overwintering.

In summer:

1, strengthen the air convection, so that the temperature of its body can be emitted;

2, placed in the semi-shade, or give it 50% shade;

3, give it a proper spraying, 2 to 3 times a day.

In winter:

1, moved to a brightly lit place indoors to maintain;

2, outdoors, the film can be used to wrap it up over winter, but every two days at noon when the temperature is higher to open the film to let it breathe.

Light: like semi-shade environment, in the fall, winter and spring can be given plenty of sunshine, but in the summer to shade more than 50%. When placed in indoor maintenance, try to put in a place with bright light, such as good lighting in the living room, bedroom, study and other places. After a period of time indoors (about a month), it should be moved outdoors to a place with shade (winter insulation) for a period of time (about a month), and so on alternately.

Fertilizer: For potted plants, in addition to adding organic fertilizer when potting, in the usual maintenance process, but also appropriate fertilizer management.

Spring, summer and autumn: these three seasons are its peak growing season, fertilizer management in accordance with the "Flower Treasure" - water - "Flower Treasure" - water - "Flower Treasure" - water - "Flower Treasure" - water. flower treasure"-clean water sequential cycle, the interval cycle is about 1 ~ 4 days.

Winter: In the winter dormant period, the main thing is to do a good job of controlling fertilizer and water control, fertilizer management in accordance with the "Flower Treasure" - clear water - clear water The interval cycle is about 3 to 7 days, shorter during sunny days or high temperatures, and longer or no watering during rainy days or low temperatures. For plants planted in the ground, apply fertilizer 2 to 4 times in spring and summer, depending on the drought conditions: first, separate a circle of small ditches 30 to 100 cm away from the root neck (the bigger the plant, the farther away from the root neck), with a ditch width and depth of 20 centimeters. Ditch into 25 to 50 kg of organic fertilizer, or 1 to 5 two granular compound fertilizer (chemical fertilizer), and then watered thoroughly. After the winter and before the beginning of spring, according to the above method to fertilize again, but do not need to water.

Edit this section of the nutritional composition

Myrtle fruit contains a more comprehensive nutrient composition, which contains crude fat 7.97%, crude protein 6.21%, crude fiber 34.97%, lignin 31.76%, total sugar 18.53t%, reducing sugar 15.52%, vitamin C 28.8%, vitamin H 10.19mg/100g, S a Carotene 0.388mg/100g, but also rich in amino acids, including aspartic radon content of up to 124.7mg/L, valine 71.7mg/L, tryptophan 44.2mg/L, alanine 43.9mg/L, glutamic acid 42.7mg/L, and a variety of minerals required by the human body, calcium, magnesium is as high as 56.10μg/g, the composition of fruit Sugar in a large number of neutral monosaccharides, especially in the fresh fruit contains higher pectin polysaccharides.

Edit paragraph gardening

Myrtle planting

Myrtle plant is compact, evergreen, flowers first white and then red, red and white, very colorful, and the flowering period is also longer. Fruit color bright red to sauce red, can be ornamental, gardening can be used in the clump planting, piece planting or solitary planting embellishment of green space, can receive better results.

Myrtle grows quickly, barren, strong resistance, compact, evergreen. Plant height 1 ~ 2m, young branches have short downy hair. Leaves opposite, leathery, elliptic or obovate. Cymes axillary, there are 3 to 5 flowers, petals 5 pieces, obovate, flowers first white and then red, rose red, purple red, the same plant flower color changes, red and white, gorgeous and beautiful, very eye-catching, attractive, flowers open one after another, the flowering period of up to more than 2 months. Branches strong toughness, can make bonsai or in the garden clump planting or piece planting, is a good green beautification effect of wild flowers, has gradually been part of the city included in the garden plant ornamental flower list.

Edit paragraph myrtle eating

A myrtle stewed pork belly practice

[2]

(a), raw materials:

1. Main ingredients: myrtle 200 grams, 200 grams of pork belly.

2. Seasonings: refined salt, cooking wine, monosodium glutamate, green onion, ginger.

(2), method:

1. Myrtle remove impurities and wash. Pork belly with warm water for many times to wash, into the boiling water pot blanch for a period of time, fish out of the wash and cut strips.

2. pot with pork belly and the right amount of water, boiling, skimming foam, add wine, salt, monosodium glutamate, scallions, ginger, stew until the pork belly rotten, add myrtle stew to taste that is.

Two, directly eat

Generally eat can be directly eaten, but do not eat it inside the core, is a white one!

Drinking some salt water before eating can prevent constipation problems caused by eating for ripe fruit.

Edit this section of the development prospects

1, fruit storage and juice development

Myrtle fruit should be taken

Myrtle fruit wine

With dry storage, the effect is better. The use of steam after 60 ℃ dry storage, not only the pigment preservation rate is high, storage is safe and reliable, and processing is simple, easy to transport and use.

The myrtle fruit raw material selection - centrifugal extraction of juice - degassing - homogenization - Sterilization and packaging into raw juice juice. Each 100mL finished juice contains 30mL of original juice, sugar 15g, sweetener 0.005g, citric acid 0.5g, food flavor 0.10g, food coloring 0.01g, can be blended into the best combination of formulations of myrtle juice.

2, the value of myrtle wine myrtle fruit is a high-quality fruit wine resources, with more juice, high soluble solids content, moderately sweet and sour, fruity aroma, color and lustre, less pollution, rich in resources and other characteristics. The development and utilization of myrtle fruit wine is in line with the four characteristics of today's fruit wine development, and has a broad prospect. Myrtle fruit contains more pectin substances and tannins, is not suitable for the processing of fully fermented fruit wines, steeped fruit wines and wine flavor is not mellow, the choice of fermentation, steeping with the processing of myrtle fruit wine not only improves the quality of fruit wines, improves the utilization rate of raw materials. Myrtle fruit wine is of excellent quality, in addition to the unique sensory quality and in line with the QB92l-84 wine potassium standard and health standards, but also contains unique nutrients and medicinal ingredients. Such as reduced Vc, amino acids, flavonoids, suitable for men, women, old and young people to drink.

3, the development of health drinks

Myrtle is a purely natural wild fruit, no fertilizers and pesticides pollution, is the first generation of the development of fruits, in line with the current consumer "back to nature," the development and consumption of green food psychological requirements, but also a high manganese-enriched plants, its high health care value. Especially in the manganese-deficient areas of the Pearl River Delta, myrtle food as a supplemental source of organic manganese is of great significance in the prevention of liver cancer, hepatitis and other diseases.

Myrtle, wolfberry, jujube as the main raw material, alginate sugar as a supplementary material, the use of scientific methods made of myrtle, wolfberry, jujube health care drink, which contains rich protein, a variety of human needs amino acids, vitamins, trace elements, sugar and other nutrients, the ideal low-sugar health care drink, after the disease, weakness, blood deficiency, neurasthenia, inflammation and pain relief, muscle, etc. has a good auxiliary The therapeutic effect.

4, medical use

(1)

Standard myrtle oil enteric capsule

Used for the treatment of swine and cattle disease myrtle root expectorant, beneficial to the kidneys, treatment of cold asthma, hernia, rheumatism, arthralgia, etc.; the leaves and fruits of the spleen, astringent and detoxification, treatment of gastroenteritis, labor injuries, dysentery, hemorrhage, etc.. It can also be used to treat cattle overwork, pig enteritis, pig and cow rheumatism and soft feet, bleeding after castration, calf dysentery, piglet dysentery and other diseases.

(2) myrtle mutton soup for asthma myrtle medicinal roots, stems, slightly warm, taste juice light non-toxic, can strengthen the spleen and stomach, replenish blood deficiency, stop blood dysentery. With its treatment of asthma, the effect is good, treatment with myrtle fresh 1000g, pick up under the eaves of the tile 7 rinsed into the iron pot, rice wine 250mL divided into 7 portions, in turn, the wine poured into the pot and about to stir fry, after frying and add water l000mL. Decoction to 750mL, remove dregs of the soup stewed 500g of mutton, add rice wine as appropriate, 2 nights to be served.

Edit this paragraph medicinal efficacy

Medicinal name myrtle flower

Latin name Flosrhodomyrti

English name FlowerofDownyRosemyrtle, FlowerofRosemyrtle

Alias Gangnianhua

Latin Botanical Animals Mineral Name Rhodomyrtustomentosa (Ait.) Hassk.

Attributed to the lung meridian

Effects astringent and stopping bleeding

Examined in "Gleanings from the Materia Medica"

Treats coughing up blood; hemoptysis; epistaxis.

Discussed by various authors in Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Journal: Promoting blood circulation. Coughing up phlegm and hemoptysis.

Harvesting and storage: April-May, fresh or dried.

Efficacy Classification Hemostatic medicine

Sweet taste; astringent; flat.

The herb is the flower of myrtle, Myrtus communis, family Myrtaceae.

Use and dosage Internal use: decoction, 6-15g.

Origin "Chinese Materia Medica"

Edit History of Application and Related Myths

The Egyptians used myrtle wood to soothe facial convulsions, the Romans thought it was a cure-all for respiratory and urinary problems, and the sentimental Greeks saw it as a symbol of love and immortality. It has always had a reputation as an aphrodisiac and was often used to make love syrups.

There is a story in Greek mythology about Phaedra, the wife of Theseus, falling in love with Hippolytus under a myrtle tree. It is one of the ingredients in perfumes and spiced wines. Winners in Olympic competitions were often crowned with head rings made of woven mahogany leaves.

Because myrtle is the plant of Aphrodite (the god of love and beauty, Aphrodite), who hated war more than any other god, in the triumphal style of ancient Rome, which came from victory (called Major), the general wore a crown of laurel on his head to indicate that there would be no more war; and from the conclusion of a treaty or other means of coming to the triumphal style (Minor) on which the general wears on his head a wreath made of myrtle. [3]

It occurs from time to time in the Bible with peace, as in Nehemiah 8:15 and Zechariah 1:8 and 11.

Often used in bridal bouquets and headdresses, and dried to make baby powder, mahogany was considered a remedy against skin cancer in the 16th century, and was one of the ingredients in "angel's water", a type of lotion. [4]